RESUMO
PURPOSE: Obesity is a risk factor for the development of human colorectal cancer (CC). The aim of this work is to report the inflammatory and angiogenic scenario in lean (BMI < 25 kg/m2) and obese (BMI > 30 kg/m2) patients with and without CC and to assess the role of peritumoral adipose tissue in CC-induced inflammation. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Patients were divided in four experimental groups: obese patients with CC (OB-CC), lean patients with CC (LEAN-CC), obese patients without CC (OB), and lean patients without CC (LEAN). RESULTS: Plasma levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines (interleukin (IL)-6, IL-4, IL-8) and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) were increased in OB-CC patients. Peritumoral adipose tissue (TF) explants and cultured mature adipocytes secreted higher amounts of nitrites and nitrates than did control and non-tumoral (NTF) adipose tissue both alone and in response to lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Nitrite and nitrate secretion was also increased in TF explants from OB-CC patients compared with that from LEAN-CC patients. Gene expression of adiponectin, tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), insulin-like growth factor type I (IGF-I), cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPAR-γ) was increased in TF explants from CC patients. LPS increased the gene expression of IL-6, IL-10, TNF-α, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), and COX-2 in OB and in TF explants from OB-CC patients. COX-2 and PPAR-γ inhibition further increased LPS-induced release of nitrites and nitrates in TF explants and adipocytes from OB-CC patients. CONCLUSIONS: In conclusion, OB-CC patients have increased plasma levels of pro-inflammatory and angiogenic factors. TF from OB-CC patients shows an increased secretion of inflammatory markers compared with both TF from LEAN-CC and non-tumoral adipose tissue (AT) through a COX-2- and PPAR-γ-independent mechanism.
Assuntos
Tecido Adiposo/metabolismo , Neoplasias Colorretais/metabolismo , Citocinas/metabolismo , Inflamação/metabolismo , Neovascularização Patológica , Obesidade/metabolismo , Adipócitos/metabolismo , Adiponectina/genética , Índice de Massa Corporal , Neoplasias Colorretais/patologia , Inibidores de Ciclo-Oxigenase 2/metabolismo , Citocinas/sangue , Citocinas/genética , Expressão Gênica , Células Progenitoras de Granulócitos e Macrófagos/metabolismo , Humanos , Fator de Crescimento Insulin-Like I/genética , Nitratos/metabolismo , Nitritos/metabolismo , PPAR gama/genética , Fator A de Crescimento do Endotélio Vascular/sangue , Fator A de Crescimento do Endotélio Vascular/genéticaRESUMO
Presentation of a case of small intestine primary angiosarcoma in a 70-year-old male. There is question of an extremely rare tumor in the gastrointestinal tract. Its symptomatology is similar to that of other tumors in the small intestine. An immunohistochemical study is usually essential for its anatomopathological diagnosis. The diagnosis is generally arrived at in its advanced stages, and that makes for a bad prognosis. The bibliography has been revised from this case on.
