Using underutilized residues of coffee to obtain valuable dietary and antioxidant bioactive compounds.

BACKGROUND: Coffee cultivation and agroindustry generate residues that are rich in several metabolites. These compounds, such as phenolic compounds and alkaloids, are known for their antioxidant activity and are usually consumed as nutraceuticals. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the occurrence of chemical and antioxidant components of low-pruned coffee stems under different fertilizer regimes. Extractives and lignin composition, histochemical, chromatographic, and antioxidant analyses were performed. RESULTS: Multiple compounds were found to accumulate in the stems of coffee trees. Furthermore, the presence of phenolic compounds such as chlorogenic acid, vanillin, resveratrol, and the alkaloids caffeine and trigonelline varied depending on the type of fertilization. In all samples examined, optimal performance was observed at the highest tested concentration (500 µg mL-1 ). All samples analyzed presented a great performance at the highest concentration tested (500 µg mL-1 ), with the dose 70% and the dose 100%, which is the recommended for the culture, showing the highest values for most of the concentrations and the best half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50 ) when compared with the other samples tested. CONCLUSION: As shown in the results, the reuse of stem residues as antioxidant material, with the potential to be profitable, and has the added benefit of providing a sustainable destination for material that until now has been underutilized. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.

Cultivo de tamarindo sob malhas coloridas: plasticidade anatômica foliar / Tamarind cultivation under colored shading nets: leaf anatomical plasticity

Este trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar o efeito da alteração da qualidade espectral da luz, utilizando malhas de transmissão de luz diferenciada, sobre características da anatomia foliar em plantas de tamarindo (Tamarindus indica L.), visando à obtenção de plantas mais propícias ao plantio. Mudas de tamarindo foram cultivadas sob malhas de 50% de sombreamento nas cores branca, azul, vermelha e preta em delineamento inteiramente casualizado. Após 90 dias de cultivo sob as malhas, as folhas foram avaliadas quanto à anatomia e micromorfologia. Plantas submetidas ao cultivo sob malha branca apresentaram maior altura das células da epiderme na face abaxial e maior espessura do parênquima paliçádico e da nervura central. Melhores resultados para epiderme na face adaxial e limbo foliar foram observados sob malhas branca e azul. Maiores densidades estomáticas foram obtidas sob malhas azul e vermelha. As folhas de Tamarindus indica apresentam plasticidade anatômica em resposta às modificações no espectro da radiação. Em face desses resultados, as malhas branca e azul podem ser recomendadas para obtenção de plantas mais propícias ao plantio.

This study aimed to evaluate the effect of changing light spectral quality, using colored shading nets, on the characteristics of tamarind (Tamarindus indica L.) leaf anatomy to obtain more conducive plants. Tamarind seedlings were grown under blue, white, black and red shade nets, in a completely randomized design. After 90 days, the leaves were evaluated anatomically and micromorphologically. Plants grown under white net had greater palisade parenchyma, abaxial epidermis cells and midrib thicknesses. Better results for adaxial epidermis and leaf blade were observed under white and blue nets. Higher stomatal density was obtained under blue and red nets. Tamarindus indica leaves present anatomical plasticity in response to changes in the radiation spectrum. In view of these results, the white and blue nets can be recommended to obtain plants more efficient to planting.

Efeito de thidiazuron na indução e manutenção de calos de erva-baleeira (Cordia verbenacea L) / Effects of thidiazuron on callus induction and maintenance of Cordia verbenacea L

O trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar a influência do Thidiazuron (TDZ) na formação e manutenção de calos de Cordia verbenacea. Segmentos caulinares com 3 a 4cm de comprimento provenientes de mudas cultivadas em casa de vegetação foram desinfestados em solução contendo hipoclorito de sódio comercial a 30 por cento e duas gotas de detergente por 10 minutos, sendo 5 minutos em agitação. Posteriormente, foram excisados e inoculados com 5mm de tamanho em meio sólido a 0,6 por cento de Murashige & Skoog (MURASHIGE & SKOOG, 1962) - MS, complementado com 0,22; 0,68: 2,04 e 6,l3uM de TDZ. A formação de calos ocorreu em todos os tratamentos com 10 a 15 dias de cultivo Os tratamentos que apresentaram o explante com a maior área coberta com calos, em média 75 por cento, foram 2,04 e 6,13miM de TDZ. Somente nesses tratamentos os calos aumentaram de volume e mantiveram a coloração inicial quando transferidos para o meio fresco de cultura. Os tratamentos com menores concentrações de TDZ apresentaram explantes com 50 por cento da área coberta com calos e quando transferidos para o meio fresco de cultura ocorreu a paralisação do crescimento com a posterior morte dos calos.

The influence of thidiazuron on calius formation and maintenance of Corola verbenacea was evaluated. Stem segments with 3 to 4cm length were excisedfrom greenhouse plants and surface sterilized with 30 percent commercial sodium hypochiorite for 10 minutes. Explants were inoculated with 5mm on Murashige and Skoog (MVRASHIGE & SKOOG, 1962) - MSsolid médium (0.6 percent) suppiemented with 0.22, 0.68, 2.04 and 6.13muM TDZ. Calius induction was observed 10 to 15 days after incubation. The media contaming, 2.04 and 6.13uM TDZ induced 75 percent expiam with calius. The calius when transferred to fresh culture médium exhibited active growth. The treatments containing lower concentration induced 50 percent expiam with caltus that when transferred to fresh culture médium, showed no development.