Combined Reporting of Surgical Quality and Cancer Control after Surgical Treatment for Penile Tumors with Inguinal Lymph Node Dissection: The Tetrafecta Achievement.

BACKGROUND: To optimize results reporting after penile cancer (PC) surgery, we proposed a Tetrafecta and assessed its ability to predict overall survival (OS) probabilities. METHODS: A purpose-built multicenter, multi-national database was queried for stage I-IIIB PC, requiring inguinal lymphadenectomy (ILND), from 2015 onwards. Kaplan-Meier (KM) method assessed differences in OS between patients achieving Tetrafecta or not. Univariable and multivariable regression analyses identified its predictors. RESULTS: A total of 154 patients were included in the analysis. The 45 patients (29%) that achieved the Tetrafecta were younger (59 vs. 62 years; p = 0.01) and presented with fewer comorbidities (ASA score ≥ 3: 0% vs. 24%; p < 0.001). Although indicated, ILND was omitted in 8 cases (5%), while in 16, a modified template was properly used. Although median LNs yield was 17 (IQR: 11-27), 35% of the patients had <7 nodes retrieved from the groin. At Kaplan-Maier analysis, the Tetrafecta cohort displayed significantly higher OS probabilities (Log Rank = 0.01). Uni- and multivariable logistic regression analyses identified age as the only independent predictor of Tetrafecta achievement (OR: 0.97; 95%CI: 0.94-0.99; p = 0.04). CONCLUSIONS: Our Tetrafecta is the first combined outcome to comprehensively report results after PC surgery. It is widely applicable, based on standardized and reproducible variables and it predicts all-cause mortality.

Fístula colovesical: aplicabilidad del abordaje laparoscópico y resultados según su etiología / Colovesical Fistula: Applicability of the Laparoscopic Approach and Results According to Etiology

INTRODUCCIÓN: Las fístulas colovesicales son una entidad poco frecuente y con una incidencia precisa desconocida. El objetivo de este estudio es describir una serie de casos de pacientes intervenidos por fístula colovesical de origen benigno y maligno y valorar la aplicabilidad del abordaje laparoscópico en ambos grupos. MÉTODOS: Realizamos un estudio descriptivo de 34 pacientes intervenidos en nuestro centro entre enero de 2001 y marzo de 2018 con el diagnóstico de fístula colovesical. Se incluyen pacientes intervenidos de manera electiva (28) y de urgencia (6). Se categorizaron según el diagnóstico mediante pruebas complementarias por TC abdominal, colonoscopia y cistoscopia, y se realizó un abordaje laparoscópico en los pacientes sin infiltración del trígono vesical y plano retroperitoneal y con situación clínica favorable. RESULTADOS: En los casos con patología benigna (13) se realizaron 4 intervenciones vía laparotómica y 9 vía laparoscópica, con 3 conversiones. En todos los casos se realizó sigmoidectomía. En 11 pacientes se realizó cistectomía parcial y en 2 casos el manejo fue conservador con sonda vesical. En los 21 pacientes con patología maligna se realizaron 5 abordajes laparoscópicos y se convirtieron 3, con 16 casos abordados vía laparotómica. Se realizaron sigmoidectomía, hemicolectomía izquierda, resección anterior y exenteración pélvica, y abordaje urológico en todos los casos. Dieciséis pacientes (76%) tuvieron complicaciones, la mayoría menores (I-II según la clasificación de Clavien-Dindo) e intervenidos por abordaje laparotómico. CONCLUSIONES: El tratamiento de elección en las fístulas colovesicales es la cirugía con resección colónica y abordaje urológico según el caso y el diagnóstico etiológico. El abordaje laparoscópico puede ser factible en casos muy bien seleccionados y con una situación clínica favorable, teniendo en cuenta que el umbral de conversión debe ser bajo y la intervención ha de ser llevada a cabo por un equipo con experiencia

INTRODUCTION: Colovesical fistulae have significant morbidity. The aim of our study was to describe a case series of benign and malignant colovesical fistulae, focusing on the viability of the laparoscopic approach. METHODS: We reviewed the characteristics of 34 patients with diverticular and colon adenocarcinoma-related colovesical fistulae treated surgically from January 2001 to March 2018, 28 with elective surgery and 6 by urgent surgery. The diagnosis was established by abdominal CT scan, colonoscopy and cystoscopy. Clinically stable patients, with no retroperitoneal or bladder trigone invasion, were approached laparoscopically. RESULTS: There were 13 benign cases (all of them approached by sigmoidectomy), 9 performed by laparoscopy with 3 conversions. Partial cystectomy was done in 11 cases, and in two cases conservative management with urinary catheter. Five laparoscopic approaches were performed in 21 patients diagnosed with malignant colovesical fistula, with 3 conversions and 16 laparotomies. The procedures were sigmoidectomy, left colectomy, anterior resection and pelvic exenteration. All of them required partial or total cystectomy. Sixteen patients had complications, most of which were minor (Clavien-Dindo classificationI-II) and with laparotomy approach. CONCLUSIONS: The laparoscopic approach can be feasible in well-selected and stable patients, but we have to take into consideration that the conversion rate can be high and this surgery should be performed by experienced surgeons

Colovesical Fistula: Applicability of the Laparoscopic Approach and Results According to Etiology. / Fístula colovesical: aplicabilidad del abordaje laparoscópico y resultados según su etiología.

INTRODUCTION: Colovesical fistulae have significant morbidity. The aim of our study was to describe a case series of benign and malignant colovesical fistulae, focusing on the viability of the laparoscopic approach. METHODS: We reviewed the characteristics of 34 patients with diverticular and colon adenocarcinoma-related colovesical fistulae treated surgically from January 2001 to March 2018, 28 with elective surgery and 6 by urgent surgery. The diagnosis was established by abdominal CT scan, colonoscopy and cystoscopy. Clinically stable patients, with no retroperitoneal or bladder trigone invasion, were approached laparoscopically. RESULTS: There were 13 benign cases (all of them approached by sigmoidectomy), 9 performed by laparoscopy with 3 conversions. Partial cystectomy was done in 11 cases, and in two cases conservative management with urinary catheter. Five laparoscopic approaches were performed in 21 patients diagnosed with malignant colovesical fistula, with 3 conversions and 16 laparotomies. The procedures were sigmoidectomy, left colectomy, anterior resection and pelvic exenteration. All of them required partial or total cystectomy. Sixteen patients had complications, most of which were minor (Clavien-Dindo classificationI-II) and with laparotomy approach. CONCLUSIONS: The laparoscopic approach can be feasible in well-selected and stable patients, but we have to take into consideration that the conversion rate can be high and this surgery should be performed by experienced surgeons.

[Robotic radical cystoprostatectomy: oncological and functional analysis]. / Cistoprostatectomía radical robótica: análisis oncológico y funcional.

INTRODUCTION: The da Vinci robotic laparoscopic surgery, has been shown in radical prostatectomy, optimal functional and oncological results with a lower learning curve, greater comfort and vision for the surgeon, and proper preservation of the neurovascular bundles. This has led to begin the experience with robotic radical cystectomy (RRC). OBJECTIVES: Review our initial experience in CRR, evaluating surgical and functional results obtained, and also immediate and short-term complications. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Between December 2007 and January 2009 we performed nine robotic radical cystoprostatectomy and in seven patients robotic lymphadenectomy (LDN). Five patients had a muscle-invasive disease and 4 non-muscle invasive bladder cancer. The median age was 57 years (range 34-81). Urinary diversion was performed extracorporeally in all cases, 3 cases an ileal conduit and 6 an Studer neobladder in 3 of these 6 cases, the urethra-neobladder anastomosis was performed intracorporeally. RESULTS: The average time of surgery was 300 minutes (range 280-420) in the ileal conduit and 360 (range 330-540) in the Studer. No cases required conversion or blood transfusion. The median number of nodes removed by LDN robotics was 10 (range 6-18). The pathology revealed 3 pT0. 2 CIS, 3 pT3, 1 pT4b (positive margins). With a median follow up of 7 months there have been no peritoneal implant and only one ureteral stenosis. Oral diet was initiated in 5 cases at 48 hours. Of the 6 patients with preserved sexual function preoperatively and followup of more than 3 months, 2 had full erection at 1 month, 2 at 3 and 6 months, and the remaining 2 presented with a full erection with 5 PD inhibitors at 3 and 9 months. All patients with neobladder presented correct daytime continence. The average hospital stay was 8.5 days (range 7-19). CONCLUSIONS: The radical robotic cystectomy with extracorporeal reconstruction of the urinary diversion offers good early functional and surgical outcomes. The careful preservation of the neurovascular bundles in radical pelvic surgery provides excellent results in urinary and sexual function.

Cistoprostatectomía radical robótica: análisis oncológico y funcional / Robotic radical cystoprostatectomy: oncological and functional analysis

Introducción: La cirugía laparoscópica robotizada da Vinci, ha demostrado en la prostatectomía radical, óptimos resultados funcionales y oncológicos con menor curva de aprendizaje, mayor comodidad y visión para el cirujano, y correcta preservación de las bandeletas neurovasculares. Esto ha dado lugar a que iniciar la experiencia con cistectomía radical robótica (CRR), fuera de nuestro país. Objetivos: Revisar nuestra experiencia inicial en CRR, valorando los resultados quirúrgicos y funcionales obtenidos, y complicaciones inmediatas y a corto plazo. Material y métodos: Entre diciembre del 2007 y enero del 2009 hemos realizado nueve cistoprostatectomías radicales robóticas yen siete de los nueve casos con linfadenectomía (LDN) robótica. En 5 pacientes por tumor músculo-invasivo y 4 por no músculo invasivo de alto riesgo. La mediana de edad fue 57 años (rango 34-81). La derivación urinaria se realizó extracorpóreamente, en 3casos un conducto ileal, en los 6 restantes una neovejiga tipo Studer, en 3 de estos 6 casos la anastomosis uretro-neovejiga se realizó intracorpóreamente. Resultados: El tiempo medio total de cirugía fue 300 minutos (rango 280-420) en el conducto ileal y 360 (rango 330-540) en el Studer. Ningún caso requirió conversión ni transfusión sanguínea. La mediana de ganglios extraidos mediante LDN robótica fue 10(rango 6-18). La AP de la pieza reveló 3 pT0, 2 CIS, 3 pT3, 1 pT4b (márgenes positivos). Con mediana de seguimiento de 7 meses no se ha observado ningún implante peritoneal y únicamente una estenosis ureteral. Se inició dieta oral en 5 casos a las 48 horas. De los 6 pacientes con función sexual conservada preoperatoria y seguimiento > 3 meses, 2 tenían erección completa al mes, 2 a los 3 y 6 meses, y los 2 restantes presentan erección completa con inhib de la 5PDE a los 3 y 9 meses. Todos los pacientes con neovejiga presentan correcta continencia diurna. La estancia media hospitalaria fue de 8,5 días (rango 7-19). Conclusiones: La cistectomía radical más linfadenectomía robótica, con reconstrucción extracorpórea de la derivación urinaria ofrece buenos resultados quirúrgicos y funcionales tempranos. La preservación cuidadosa de las bandeletas neurovasculares en esta cirugía radical pélvica permite obtener excelentes resultados en la función sexual y miccional (AU)

Introduction: The da Vinci robotic laparoscopic surgery, has been shown in radical prostatectomy, optimal functional and oncological results with a lower learning curve, greater comfort and vision for the surgeon, and proper preservation of the neurovascular bundles. This has led to begin the experience with robotic radical cystectomy (RRC).Objectives: Review our initial experience in CRR, evaluating surgical and functional results obtained, and also immediate and short-term complications. Material and methods: Between December 2007 and January 2009 we performed nine robotic radical cystoprostatectomy and in seven patients robotic lymphadenectomy (LDN). Five patients had a muscle-invasive disease and 4 non-muscle invasive bladder cancer. The median age was 57 years (range 34-81). Urinary diversion was performed extracorporeally in all cases, 3 cases an ileal conduit and 6 an Studer neobladder in 3 of these 6 cases, the urethra-neobladder anastomosis was performed intracorporeally. Results: The average time of surgery was 300 minutes (range 280-420) in the ileal conduit and 360 (range 330-540) in the Studer. No cases required conversion or blood transfusion. The median number of nodes removed by LDN robotics was 10 (range 6-18).The pathology revealed 3 pT0, 2 CIS, 3 pT3, 1 pT4b (positive margins). With a median follow up of 7 months there have been noperitoneal implant and only one ureteral stenosis. Oral diet was initiated in 5 cases at 48 hours. Of the 6 patients with preserved sexual function preoperatively and follow up of more than 3 months, 2 had full erection at 1 month, 2 at 3 and 6 months, and there maining 2 presented with a full erection with 5 PD inhibitors at 3 and 9 months. All patients with neobladder presented correct day time continence. The average hospital stay was 8.5 days (range 7-19). Conclusions: The radical robotic cystectomy with extracorporeal reconstruction of the urinary diversion offers good early functional and surgical outcomes. The careful preservation of the neurovascular bundles in radical pelvic surgery provides excellent results in urinary and sexual function (AU)