"Smart Emergency Call Point" Enhancing Emergency Medical Services on University Campuses.

INTRODUCTION: The "Smart Emergency Call Point" is a device designed for requesting assistance and facilitating rapid responses to emergencies. The functionality of smart emergency call points has evolved to include features as real-time photo transmission and communication capabilities for both staff and emergency personnel. These devices are being used to request Emergency Medical Services (EMS) on university campuses. Despite these developments, there has been a lack of previous studies demonstrating significant advantages of integrating smart emergency call points into EMS systems. STUDY OBJECTIVE: The primary goal of this study was to compare the response times of EMS between traditional phone calls and the utilization of smart emergency call points located on university campuses. Additionally, the study aimed to provide insights into the characteristics of smart emergency call points as a secondary objective. METHODS: This retrospective database analysis made use of information acquired from Thailand's EMS at Srinagarind Hospital. The data were gathered over a period of four years, specifically from January 2019 through January 2022. The study included two groups: the first group used the phone number 1669 to request EMS assistance, while the second group utilized the smart emergency call point. The primary focus was on the response times. Additionally, the study documented the characteristics of the smart emergency call points that were used in the study. RESULTS: Among the 184 EMS operations included in this study, 60.9% (N = 56) involved females in the smart emergency call point group. Notably, the smart emergency call point group showed a higher frequency of operations between the hours of 6:00am and 6:00pm when compared to the 1669 call group (P = .020). In dispatch triage, the majority of emergency call points were categorized as non-urgent, in contrast to the phone group for 1669 which were primarily cases categorized as urgent (P = .010). The average response time for the smart emergency call point group was significantly shorter, at 6.01 minutes, compared to the phone number 1669 group, which had an average response time of 9.14 minutes (P <.001). CONCLUSION: In the context of calling for EMS on a university campus, the smart emergency call points demonstrate a significantly faster response time than phone number 1669 in Thailand. Furthermore, the system also offers the capability to request emergency assistance.

An in-Depth Examination of the Characteristics of Pre-Hospital Point-of-Care Ultrasound Training Among Emergency Medicine Residents in Laos as Part of an Overseas Elective Rotation.

Introduction: Point of Care Ultrasound (POCUS) training has been offering invaluable guidance in the diagnostic process and treatment strategies, particularly in resource-limited settings. The purpose of this study was to determine participant satisfaction with the structure and scope of POCUS training in overseas elective rotation. Material and Methods: A retrospective observational analytical study was undertaken. The study focused on EM residents from Laos who participated in the international elective rotation at the Khon Kaen University during the academic years 2020-2021 and 2022-2023. The research involved an exploration of training data related to this course, encompassing participant characteristics, the structure and scope of POCUS training, the training assessments, and post completion surveys of participants. Results: The study involved 24 participants. The course was characterized by its status as an international elective program prehospital POCUS training for post graduate year 3 students. The duration of the rotation ranged from 2 to 4 weeks. Interestingly, in the academic year 2022-2023, the duration of POCUS training was notably extended to 8 hours, accounting for 4.76% of the total time. The training encompassed peer-to-peer didactic lectures, bedside teaching, and observational case studies at the Emergency Department (ED). The results of our survey, boasting a 100% response rate, indicated participants' contentment with the academic performance, the abundance of learning resources, and the knowledge gained from this rotation that would aid their future careers. The overall satisfaction with this course was highly rated, falling into the "satisfy" and "highly satisfy" categories. However, certain challenges were reported, including feelings of isolation due to the distance from relatives, concerns related to interpersonal relationships with colleagues, and a sense of being isolated. Conclusion: The participants were highly satisfied to the structure and scope of this course. The overseas elective rotation significantly enhanced the knowledge of Laos EM residents' in POCUS and underscored the crucial importance of this course in EM training.

A randomized controlled, non-inferiority trial of Moodle online learning for basic life support training on learning outcomes among dental students.

OBJECTIVES: Dental students require basic life support (BLS) training to build their competency in cardiac arrest response. Online learning differs from the types of learning commonly practiced in Asia. We compared online learning and didactic lecture for BLS training in Thai dental students on knowledge, skill, and satisfaction. METHODS: This was a randomized controlled, single-blinded, non-inferiority trial in fifth-year students from Khon Kaen University's Faculty of Dentistry from August 2015 to February 2016. Online learning was conducted using Modular Object-Oriented Dynamic Learning Environment (Moodle) 2.9 and required 90 min. Those in the didactic lecture group received a 90-min lecture covering similar content. Both groups received 2 h of skill training. After training, we evaluated their ability to pass a skills test, knowledge scores (immediately after training and 3 months later), and course satisfaction (5-point Likert scale). RESULTS: We included 78 students and randomized them to online learning (39) or didactic lecture (39). The difference in proportion (95% confidence interval [CI]) of students passing the skills test on their first attempt was -1.5 (-20.8, 23.8), and all passed on their second attempt. The mean differences (95% CI) between the groups' immediate and 3 months knowledge scores were -2.5 (-6.2, 1.2), and -1.3 (-4.9, 2.3), respectively. The mean difference (95% CI) in satisfaction score was 0.02 (-0.28, 0.32). CONCLUSION: Online learning and didactic lectures yielded comparable knowledge and skills, including satisfaction in Thai dental students. Online BLS training may alternatively aim for self-paced learning and increase flexibility. The recommendation is to increase online BLS learning in Thai culture.

Comparative bioavailability of two moxifloxacin tablet products after single dose administration under fasting conditions in a balanced, randomized and cross-over study in healthy volunteers.

Moxifloxacin, a 4th generation of fluoroquinolones, is a broad spectrum antibacterial agent against respiratory tract pathogens, including Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, anaerobic bacteria and atypical respiratory tract pathogens. In order to evaluate the efficacy and safety of generic moxifloxacin products, the bioequivalence of these generic products with an approved reference formulation should be demonstrated. Thus, the aim of this study was to compare the rate and extent of absorption of a new generic film coated moxifloxacin tablet product (Rapiflox®, Atlantic Laboratories Corporation Ltd., Bangkok, Thailand) with that of a reference product (Avelox®, Bayer Health Care AG, Leverkusen, Germany) when given as a single dose. A crossover study was performed in 20 healthy Thai volunteers. The subjects received either a 400 mg tablet of the reference or test product after overnight fasting. Blood samples were collected at pre-dose (0 hour) and at 0.25, 0.5, 1, 1.5, 2, 3, 4, 6, 8, 12, 24 and 34 hours post-dose. Moxifloxacin plasma level was measured by a validated HPLC method with fluorescence detector. Pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated using a non-compartmental model. The geometric mean of maximum concentration (Cmax) of the test product was 4,069.64 ng/ml, with median time to achieve maximum concentration (tmax) at 2 hours (range 0.25 - 6.00 hours), while the geometric mean Cmax and median tmax of the reference product was 4,211.98 ng/ml and 2.00 hours (range 0.25 - 8.00 hours). Furthermore, the geometric means of AUC0-tlast and AUC0-∞ for the test product were 49,731.66 and 51,865.89 ng×h/ml while those of the reference product were 51,927.97 and 54,455.93 ng×h/ml. The geometric mean of the ratios of Test/Reference for the logtransformed Cmax, AUC0-tlast and AUC0-∞ of moxifloxacin and their 90% CIs were 96.62% (83.21 - 112.19%), 95.77% (87.07 - 105.34%) and 95.24 (86.52 - 104.85%), respectively. Therefore, it can be concluded that these two moxifloxacin tablet products were bioequivalent in healthy Thai volunteers under fasting condition.