[Disorders of neurogenesis of cortical and subcortical structures in rat brain limbic system during fetal alcohol syndrome formation].

Disorders of neurogenesis of cortical and subcortical structures in rat brain limbic system were studied in the offspring of rats that received ethanol during pregnancy. The methods used included the staining of histological sections with cresyl violet, in vitro culture, and electron paramagnetic resonance. Prenatal alcohol intoxication was shown to induce the disturbances in proliferative activity of granular layer cells in the hippocampal dentate gyrus, neuron- and glioblast migration, enhancement of free NO and lipoperoxide production and cell death. This resulted in the changes in the number of neurons in cortical and subcortical structures of rat brain limbic system and in fetal alcohol syndrome formation.

Effects of ethanol on neuron density in the limbic cortex of the brain and correction of evoked changes with the antioxidant Dolivin.

The aims of the present work were to measure neuron density in the limbic cortex in the offspring of female white rats given 15% ethanol solution during pregnancy and lactation and to address the possibility of correcting ethanol-induced impairments at the early stages of postnatal development (PND) using the antioxidant Dolivin. Neuron numbers were measured in the cingulate gyrus and entorhinal cortex on PND days 3, 7, 15, 21, and 30 (three animals in each age group). Dolivin (0.7 mg) was added to the diets of female animals with the aim of preventing ethanol-induced changes. The cytotoxic action of ethanol was found to decrease the total number of cells in the limbic cortex at the early stages of PND, particularly on day 7. Neurons in the deep part of the limbic zone were the most sensitive to the actions of ethanol. Dolivin had preventative effects, weakening the cytotoxic actions of ethanol at all stages of development.

[Effect of ethanol on the density of neuron disposition in limbic cerebral cortex and correction of induced changes with antioxidant Dolivin].

The purpose of this study was to determine the density of neuron disposition at the early stages of postnatal development of limbic cortex in the offspring of female rats, that consumed 15% ethanol solution during pregnancy and lactation period instead of water, and to detect the possibility of the correction of ethanol-induced changes with antioxidant Dolivin. The number of neurons in the cingulate girus and entorhynal cortex was determined at different stages of postnatal development (postnatal days 3, 7, 15, 21, 30). With an aim to correct ethanol-induced disorders, alcoholized females for the similar period of time, were given Dolivin (0.7 mg daily). It was shown that the cytotoxic effect of ethanol resulted in the decrease in the neuron numbers at the early stages of postnatal development, particularly at day 7. The neurons most sensitive to the ethanol action were observed in the deeper limbic cerebral cortex. The application of Dolivin has demonstrated its preventive effect, by weakening the ethanol cytotoxicity at the all stages of postnatal development.

[Investigation of oxidative stress-induced alterations in the rat brain cortical cellular culture and their correction with vitamines E and C].

The oxidative stress-induced changes and feasibility of prevention of these changes with an aid of vitamines E and C were investigated in cultured brain cortex of the newborn albino rats. Modeling the oxidative stress was achieved with addition of H(2)O(2) into the nutrient medium. In order to prevent an oxidative stress-induced cytotoxic effect, concomittantly with H(2)O(2), vitamines E and C were added into the nutrient medium. The data, obtained in our study revealed inhibition of the glial cells'- and axonal migration into the growth zone resulting from the oxidative stress. These changes were attenuated following action of vitamines E and C, which points at feasibility of their use against oxidative impact from the free radicals emerging during neurodegenerative disorders.

[Correction of changes induced by toluene in the cortical and subcortical structures of albino rat brain].

The number and weight of cells in the cortical and subcortical structures of the cerebral and cerebellar motor system in albino rats after a long-term exposure to toluene. Toluene intoxication proved to kill projection neurons and interneurons in the sensorimotor cortex, ventrolateral thalamic nucleus, caudate nucleus, pallidum, red nucleus, and inferior olivary complex. The decreased number of cerebellar cells was mediated by atrophic changes as indicated by the decrease in the area and dry weight of Purkinje cells. The addition of plaferon LB to the diet attenuated the cytotoxic effect of toluene.

Variations in the content of some trace elements and macroelements in the hippocampus of rats during learning and memory retrieval after destruction of the entorhinal cortex.

We studied variations in the concentration of Na, K, Ca, and Mg in the hippocampus of rats with damaged entorhinal cortex. The concentration of Mg, Na, K, and Ca remained practically unchanged, while the content of Zn and Cu increased during learning and memory retrieval in animals with damaged entorhinal cortex. Our results indicate that Zn and Cu, constituents of metalloproteins and metalloenzymes, play an important role in hippocampal function.

[The characteristics of the cell aggregation of the tectum mesencephali in chick embryos and of the cerebral cortex in newborn rats in mixed cultures]. / Osobennosti agregatsii kletok kryshi srednego mozga émbrionov kur i kory golovnogo mozga novorozhdennykh krys v smeshannykh kul'turakh.

To determine species-specific cells in mixed culture, obtained after simultaneous cultivation of dissociated cells of chick embryo midbrain tegmentum and newborn albino rat cerebral cortex, various DNA amounts were used for testing chick and rat cells. The study of cell structure of the aggregates revealed that in addition to the aggregates consisting of cells belonging to only one species of animals, chimera aggregates also exist made of cells of both species of animals, basically of chick embryo glial cells and newborn rat neurons.