Social Sciences in One Health: Insights From Multiple Worlds Perspectives on the Dam Rupture in Brumadinho-Brazil.

Concepts that integrate human, animal, and ecosystem health - such as One Health (OH) - have been highlighted in recent years and mobilized in transdisciplinary approaches. However, there is a lack of input from the social sciences in OH discussions. This is a gap to overcome, including in Latin America. Therefore, this paper incorporates recent studies from economics and anthropology to the debate, contributing to the opening of transdisciplinary dialogues for the elaboration of OH theory and practice. As a starting point, we explore the recent case of a tailings dam breach, making considerations about how and why this event was experienced in different ways by the affected Indigenous and non-Indigenous worlds. From economics, we show how different theories perceive and impact these different worlds, presenting some existing alternatives to the hegemonic thinking of domination and exploitation. From anthropology, we present the perspectivism concept, deriving from the field of relational ontologies, suggesting there are significant and inevitable disagreements-equivocations-among different worlds. Thus, we discuss how the social sciences can help address challenging factors that need to be considered in health approaches that intend to deal with complex global problems. In conclusion, OH should incorporate social science discussions, considering relating practice to the multiple realities in which a particular problem or conflict is inserted. Overcoming the barriers that hinder transdisciplinary dialogue is fundamental and urgent for an effective approach to the multiple and distinct interconnections among humans, animals and environments.

Transferência de renda condicionada e o trabalho do cuidado: uma análise do Programa Bolsa Família em 2019 / Conditional cash transfers and care work: an analysis of Bolsa Familia Program in 2019 / Transferencia de renta condicional y trabajo de cuidado: un análisis del programa Bolsa Familia en 2019

Os programas de transferência de renda condicionada têm como público-alvo famílias em situação de vulnerabilidade e são pagos preferivelmente às mulheres. A crítica feminista em relação a tais programas argumenta que, ao se direcionarem os benefícios às mulheres, papéis sociais baseados na divisão sexual do trabalho são reforçados, o que gera uma sobrecarga feminina com o trabalho doméstico e do cuidado. Este artigo investiga a relação entre a titularidade feminina e o uso do tempo com o trabalho do cuidado, comparando mulheres e homens que recebem e que não recebem o benefício do Programa Bolsa Família. Para isso, foram analisados os dados disponíveis na Pesquisa Nacional por Amostra de Domicílios Contínua de 2019. Os resultados mostram que as mulheres beneficiárias que cuidam de crianças de até cinco anos despendem mais horas do que todos os outros grupos. Contudo, os homens beneficiários que cuidam de crianças nessa faixa etária gastam menos horas do que os beneficiários que não cuidam.

Conditional cash transfer programs target vulnerable families and are preferentially paid to women. Feminist criticism regarding such programs argues that directing financial transfers to women reinforces social roles based on the Sexual Division of Labor, which places a burden on women regarding domestic and care work. This paper investigates the relationship between female ownership and the time spent doing care work, comparing women and men who receive and not receive benefits from Bolsa Família Program. To do so, available data from Continuous - PNAD from 2019 were analyzed. The results show that female beneficiaries who care for children up to 5 years old spend more hours doing domestic work than all other groups. However, male beneficiaries who care for children in this age group spend less hours in those activities than beneficiaries who do not.

Los programas de transferencia de renta condicional tienen como público objetivo familias en situación de vulnerabilidad y dan preferencia a la titularidad femenina. La crítica feminista en relación con tales programas argumenta que, al direccionar los beneficios hacia las mujeres, los roles sociales basados en la división sexual del trabajo se refuerzan, lo cual genera una sobrecarga femenina en relación con el trabajo doméstico y de cuidado. Este artículo investiga la relación entre la titularidad femenina y el uso del tiempo en el trabajo de cuidado, comparando mujeres y hombres que reciben y que no reciben prestaciones del programa Bolsa Familia. Para esto, fueron analizados los datos disponibles en la Encuesta Nacional Anual de Muestreo Residencial. Los resultados muestran que las mujeres beneficiadas que cuidan niños de hasta cinco años gastan más horas que todos los otros grupos, aunque los hombres beneficiados que cuidan niños en este rango de edad gastan menos horas que los que no los cuidan.