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INTRODUCTION: Trauma is one of the most common causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Since the definition of preventable death has been described many studies like current one were conducted to evaluate this issue. METHODS: This cohort retrospective study investigated archived medical files of trauma victims from 2017 to 2020 in a referral single-center trauma hospital. Registered demographic data, vital signs, Glasgow coma scale (GCS), timing of trauma and death, executed interventions, type and mechanism of trauma in addition to time errors, clinical mismanagements, and missed injuries were extracted. Injury severity score, revised trauma score, and probability of survival based on TRISS method for each case were calculated. Eventually preventable and non-preventable death were defined and compared. RESULTS: Finally from the all 413 trauma deaths 246(54.9 %) files were enrolled. Dead persons were from 18 to 95 years. Of all 189(76.8 %) were males. Analysis manifested 135(54.9 %) of all deaths were potentially preventable and the rest 49.1 % was non-preventable for expiration(p = 0.001). Data showed that from all variables systolic blood pressure ≥80 mmHg, respiratory rate >19 per minute, GCS>8, higher RTS, road traffic accidents and control of external bleeding were contributed to prediction of preventable trauma related mortality. CONCLUSION: This study implied on that frequency of trauma related preventable death was regionally high and associating factors that could influence the number of these mortalities included systolic blood pressure, respiratory rate, GCS, revised trauma score, mechanism of trauma, and external bleeding of trauma patients.
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BACKGROUND: Obesity contributes to a chronic disease with lethal complications. Leptin as an adiponectin interacts with fat metabolism. Surgical extra fat resection is an interventional approach to control obesity. We aimed to evaluate how body contouring surgery would influence on leptin plasma level. METHODS: Females candidate for body contouring surgery were allocated in to two groups included abdominal wall liposuction alone and in combination with abdominoplasty from 2018 to 2020. Demographic data was registered. Serum plasma level of leptin with the ELISA method was measured on the day before the operation and also after 3, 6, and 12 months after surgery with 8 h fasting prior to blood sampling. Finally the amounts of resected fat, type of surgical approach, and plasma level of leptin were analyzed. RESULTS: Total 124 females with mean age of 37 ± 10.1 years underwent abdominal wall liposuction (58%) and liposuction + abdominoplasty (42%) respectively. Mean weight and BMI significantly decreased postoperatively for both groups (p < 0.01). Although in both groups leptin concentration was higher in all triple blood sampling following operation in compared to preoperative measurement, changes were not significantly considerable (p = 0.6). Coefficient of correlation between amounts of resected fat and plasma level of leptin was directly positive and calculated 0.4 (p = 0.03). CONCLUSION: Leptin interacts independently from abdominal wall contouring surgery. However it could be a marker for amounts of resected fat after operation.