Maxillary Sinus and Surrounding Bone Anatomy With Cone Beam Computed Tomography After Multiple Teeth Loss: A Retrospective Multicenter Clinical Study.

PURPOSE: The aim of this multicenter study was to examine the residual alveolar bone anatomy and sinus mucosa pattern at maxillary sinus regions in multiple teeth loss. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This study was conducted with cone beam computed tomography images of 518 patients (267 females and 251 males) with multiple posterior maxillary teeth loss. Variables associated with sinus membrane (SM), sinus dimensions, ostium, septa, sinus neighborhood, alveolar bone height and ridge width, posterior superior alveolar artery, and adjacent roots were evaluated. RESULTS: No (58.2%) or flat (19.3%) thickening morphology was detected at most of the SMs. Membrane thickening and mucosal-like morphology was more prevalent for male patients (P = 0.005). The mean sinus width was relatively low (3.64 ± 3.33 mm) at the 5-mm level and showed an expected increase toward upper levels. Most of the sinus spaces were dimensionally average (39.5%) or wide (44.7%), and no effect of gender was observed in terms of sinus dimensions (P > 0.05). CONCLUSION: Multiple teeth loss plays a role in creating an imaginary sinus anatomy constituted of a relatively narrow space compared with single-tooth loss cases, from 3.6-mm mean coronal width to 11.3 mm in the apical portion.

Evaluation of Single Tooth Loss to Maxillary Sinus and Surrounding Bone Anatomy With Cone-Beam Computed Tomography: A Multicenter Study.

BACKGROUND: Posterior maxillary tooth loss may complicate the implant treatment due to the alterations in alveolar anatomy and maxillary sinus pneumatization. This study aimed to comprehensively examine the anatomical structure of this region from cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) images. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The posterior maxilla regions with single tooth loss were analyzed by dividing the variables into 3 subgroups from images of 597 patients chosen from 1160 CBCTs. Variables associated with sinus membrane (SM), sinus dimensions, ostium, septa, sinus neighborhood, alveolar bone height (ABH) and width (RW), posterior superior alveolar artery (PSAA), and adjacent roots were evaluated. RESULTS: The majority of the patients demonstrated 0 to 5 mm membrane thickness. Irregular SM thickening was lower for female patients. While females showed higher number of narrow sinus, males had higher RW than females. Sinus augmentation classification showed negative correlation with ABH, root-tip sinus floor and edentulous site classification. Posterior septa height was correlated with number of septa and ABH. PSAA diameter and location were also correlated between each other. CONCLUSION: The present results define formation of a sinus space with 11 mm coronal and 16 mm apical width after single tooth loss. A flat or semispherical thickening around 4 mm is usual in most cases with 51% possibility of anterior septum existence. A ridge anatomy, around 7.5 mm ABH and 7.2 to 9.3 RW from coronal to apical, complements this anatomy. Further studies are needed to clarify the reasons behind the SM and crestal anatomy variations between genders.