Los marcadores biológicos en el envejecimiento. El entendimiento de la expresión genética / Biomarkers of aging. Understanding gene expresión

El autor enfatiza la temática respecto a los marcadores biológicos: qué son, para qué sirven y cómo el profesional puede obtener, de forma objetiva, los datos biológicos que expresen 1a situación biológica del individuo en un momento determinado respecto a su envejecimiento. Enumera los distintos marcadores biológicos objetivos ( 1a situación hormonal, procesos inmunológicos, metabolismo óseo, cerebral, nivel del pH) así como los subjetivos ( esperanza de vida, salud de la familia e individual, la importancia de los factores ambientales, personales y su actitud ante la vida), analizando los distintos sistemas de obtención de datos. Establece una diferenciación entre los marcadores biológicos modificables y los que no lo son. Asimismo, analiza los procesos de reparación del ADN y los tratamientos que pueden condicionar una mejoría en este proceso. Finalmente, expone los cuatro puntos esenciales en los que el cirujano plástico puede actuar con el fin de retrasar o modificar positivamente el proceso natural del envejecimiento (AU)

Standardized hair photography.

BACKGROUND: Photographs currently published or used clinically in hair restorative surgery vary greatly in positioning, lighting, posing, and technique. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this work is to aid in standardizing these variables and to review the necessary equipment and techniques required to achieve these goals. METHODS: Nine standardized views are shown. Also addressed is hairline depiction taking into account variable hair styles. CONCLUSION: Standardization is achieved with consistent reproduction of patient photographs in hair restoration.

Neck recontouring with suture suspension and liposuction: an alternative for the early rhytidectomy candidate.

The authors present a new technique that uses liposuction of the submental and submandibular areas to remove fat and initiate skin contracture. The technique also includes platysmal resection and the use of interlocking sutures running through a subcutaneous tunnel immediately below the submandibular border. The results of the procedure are a recontoured neck and highlighted mandibular border.

Nasal osteotomy--utilizing dual plane reciprocating nasal saw blades: a 6-year follow-up.

Observation of the nasal bone anatomy has demonstrated a double S-curve configuration from the base of the pyriform aperture to the medial canthus. The most common method of osteotomy uses a curved osteotome or a chisel. The movement of either is facilitated by tapping with a mallet. With this method, frequent green-stick fractures, fragmentation, and other complications have been encountered. For the last 6 years, a dual plane, curved stainless steel blade has been used to accomplish low to high osteotomies. This gives a precise lateral transverse osteotomy without medial osteotomy being required. This technique allows the operator to produce a well-defined and precise lateral osteotomy with fewer potential complications and less postoperative swelling as well as improved patient comfort. In cases of secondary rhinoplasty or old nasal trauma, sites of previous fibrous union are able to be osteotomized with precisely controlled cuts, avoiding unpredictable fragmentation or fracture lines.

The giant apocrine hidrocystoma.

We report a patient with a large apocrine hidrocystoma. These tumors are almost always under 10 mm in diameter. In this 40-year-old man the tumor measured 20 mm. Apocrine hidrocystoma must be considered when evaluating a patient with a large cystic lesion of the face. Surgical management is similar to that of other benign cystic lesions of this region.