A metabolomic approach shows sphingosine 1-phosphate and lysophospholipids as mediators of the therapeutic effect of liver growth factor in emphysema.

Tobacco smoke exposure is the principal cause of lung tissue destruction, which in turn results in emphysema that leads into shortness of breath. Liver growth factor (LGF, a cell and tissue regenerating factor with therapeutic activity in several organs) has antifibrotic and antioxidant properties that could be useful to promote lung tissue regenerating capacity in damaged lungs. The current study has examined differences in metabolite profiles (fingerprints) of plasma from mice (strain C57BL/6J, susceptible to develop emphysema) exposed to tobacco smoke during six months. One group of mice received a treatment with Liver Growth Factor (LGF) after emphysema was established, whereas the other group did not receive the treatment. Age and sex-matched mice not exposed to smoke were also maintained with or without treatment as controls. Metabolic fingerprints (untargeted analysis) of plasma after protein precipitation were obtained by LC-QTOF-MS. The signals were processed and a large number of possible metabolites were found (23944). Multivariate data analysis provided models that highlighted the differences between control and smoke exposed mice in both conditions. Accurate masses of features (possible compounds) representing significant differences were searched using online public databases. Lipid mediators, related to intracellular signaling in inflammation, were found among the metabolites putatively identified as markers of the different conditions and among them, sphingosine, sphingosine 1-phosphate and lysophospholipids point at the relevance of such metabolites in the regulation of the processes related to tissue regeneration mediated by LGF. These results also suggest that metabolomic fingerprinting could potentially guide the characterization of relevant metabolites leading the regeneration of lungs in emphysema disease.

Gastroenteritis nosocomiales y días de estancia / Nosocomial gastroenteritis and days of stay

Antecedentes: Las gastroenteritis (GEA) nosocomiales son una complicación frecuente en las áreas de hospitalización pediátrica. Objetivo: Estudiar los posibles factores de riesgo para la presencia de gastroenteritis nosocomiales. Métodos: Estudio de los niños de hasta 24 meses de edad ingresados en la Sección de Lactantes de nuestro Hospital. Se analizaron separadamente los grupos con gastroenteritis adquirida en la comunidad, gastroenteritis nosocomial y no gastroenteritis. Resultados: De los 1.517 niños ingresados, 228 presentaron GEA y de ellos en 39 casos se trató de una GEA nosocomial. En 77 casos se detectó rotavirus y en 22, bacterias enteropatógenas. La incidencia acumulada de GEA nosocomial por 100 pacientes fue de 2,98% y la tasa o densidad de incidencia por 100 estancias fue de 0,51. No se encontraron diferencias significativas en cuanto a la edad entre los 3 grupos. La estancia media de los niños con GEA nosocomial fue significativamente mayor y se encontraron odds ratio de 4,87 (IC 1,94-12,2) para los niños con estancias entre 6 y 10 días y 15,93 (IC 5,89-43) para aquellos con estancias mayores de 10 días respecto a los que tuvieron estancias menores de 6 días. Conclusiones: La probabilidad de presentar una GEA nosocomial se incrementa con la prolongación de la estancia hospitalaria. Disminuir los días de estancia debe ser un objetivo par aprevenir las GEA nosocomiales (AU)

Precedents: The osocomial gastroenteritis (GEA) is a frequent complication in the areas of paediatric hospitalization. Aim: To study the relation between the days that remain entered the patients and the nosocomial gastroenteritis. Methods: Study of the children of up to 24 months of age joined the Section of Infants of our hospital. The groups were analyzed separately by gastroenteritis acquired in the community, nosocomial gastroenteritis and not gastroenteritis. Results: Of 1.517 entered children, 228 presented GEA and of them in 39 cases treat of a nosocomial GEA. In 77 cases detect rotavirus and in 22 enteropatogenic bacteria. The incident accumulated of nosocomial GEA by 100 patients was of 0,51. They did not find significant differences as for the age in 3 groups. The average stay of the children with nosocomial GEA was significantly major and they found odds ratio of 4,87 (IC 1,94-12,2) for the children between 6 and 10 days and 15,93 (IC 5,98-43) for those with major stays of 10 days with regard to those who had minor stays of 6 days. Conclusions: The probability of presenting a nosocomial GEA increases with the prolongation of the hospitable stay. To diminish the days of stay must be an aim to prevent the nosocomial GEAs (AU)