Comparison of pcr diagnostic method and mass spectrometry of microbial markers method as applied to the evaluation of oral microbiota.

Rapid informative methods for assessing the species and quantitative composition of the microflora of the periodontal and oropharyngeal covering tissues are necessary for operative diagnostics, including those of the dentofacial system. The use of classical bacteriological methods, including seeding, incubation, counting and identification of microorganisms takes up to 5 days, resulting in a significant delay in obtaining the necessary information, which makes it difficult to carry out operative treatment measures. Therefore, the search for means and methods of operative microbiological control is urgent. The present work is devoted to substantiation of MSMM (mass spectrometry of microbial markers) technology application as a means of microbiological control of periodontal and other oropharyngeal biotopes.

[Curcumin in the correction of oxidative and immune disorders during exercises].

Oxidative and immune dysfunctions during physical exertion can be associated with a violation of enzyme systems and antioxidant protection, the state of innate and adaptive immunity. This creates the preconditions for their pharmacological correction. The aim of this review is to summarize and analyze modern data on the role of curcumin, one of the components of the extract of turmeric rhizomes (Curcuma longa), in the correction of oxidative stress and immune disorders during physical exertion. Material and methods. When writing the review, a search has been carried out for the original articles presented in PubMed, Web of Science, Google Scholar databases, eLIBRARY.RU and CyberLeninka platforms, with a randomized controlled crossover or parallel design, in which the use of curcumin administered before and / or after exercise was compared with placebo. No filters were applied by type of exercise performed, gender or age of participants. Results. In randomized controlled trials conducted for 2008-2020, evidences were obtained that the use of complexes containing curcumin normalizes the general antioxidant status, restores quality, quantity and functional-metabolic status of immunocytes. Data from prospective epidemiological studies show that turmeric extract exhibits partial anti-inflammatory, immunotropic and antioxidant activity in vitro and in vivo, which provides a basis for further studies on the effectiveness and systemic use of turmeric long. Conclusion. The inclusion of turmeric extract in complex dietary regimens, including during physical activity, helps to prevent immune and oxidative disorders, and exert some anti-inflammatory effect.

[Changes in the immune and antioxidant status and the role of vitamin D in their correction in older educators.]

The study included 50 women aged 60±1,5 years, teaching for 30±5,5 years at the middle level of a secondary school (grades 5-9) - main group, and 50 non-working women 61,5±1,3 years. The purpose of the study was to study the role of vitamin D in the formation of immunopathogenetic changes from cellular and humoral immune factors, free radical oxidation processes in working teachers and unemployed elderly women and the possibility of correcting the revealed violations with vitamin D subsidy. Before the start of the study, a decrease in the total content of vitamin D was revealed, violation of the functional and metabolic status of immunocytes, an imbalance in the production of Th1/Th2 cytokines, an increase in primary and secondary products peroxidation of the lipid extract of blood plasma, a decrease in the activity of superoxide dismutase and catalase to the main and control groups. The presence of direct correlations between the content of vitamin D, the balance of cytokines, the components of the lipid peroxidation system and antioxidant defense is proved. A vitamin D subsidy reduced the severity of immune and oxidative disorders in subjects. The obtained results confirm the need for monitoring the vitamin D content in order to reduce the risk of developing immunopathogenetic disorders in the elderly.

[Influence of various ways of rehabilitation on functional and immunological indicators of the organism of materials of maturity aged by an extreme injury.]

The purpose of the study is to study the effect of various methods of rehabilitation after a fracture of the radius in a typical location on the heart rate variability and the state of innate immunity factors, the content of IL-1, -2, -4, -6, -8, -10 in elderly women. In 50 women at the age of 63,5±1,5 years, the indicators of the spectral analysis of the heart rhythm were studied on the 3, 7, 14 days of rehabilitation procedures. The state of the cellular factors of innate immunity was assessed by the phagocytic activity and oxygen-dependent metabolism of neutrophilic granulocytes in the nitric blue tetrazolium reduction test. The cytokine status included the determination of IL-1, -2, -4, -6, -8, -10 by enzyme immunoassay. For the statistical analysis, the Shapiro-Wilks test, one-sided Fisher's exact test, and Student's t test were calculated. It has been shown that the influence of rehabilitation measures using the method of post-isometric muscle relaxation decreases the heart rate variability of elderly women, restores the balance between the sympathetic and parasympathetic parts of the autonomic nervous system, normalizes the functional and metabolic status of neutrophilic granulocytes and Th1/Th2 lymphocytes. The results obtained allow us to recommend the inclusion of the method of post-isometric muscle relaxation in the complex of rehabilitation measures for fractures of the radius in a typical place.

[Immunophysiological indicators of the organism of teachers of the elderly in the dynamics of the educational year.]

The problem of preserving the health of participants in the educational process and carrying out comprehensive diagnostic measures using laboratory and instrumental methods occupy a significant place in a number of biomedical research. The aim of the present study was to study the state of cellular factors of innate and adaptive immunity, IL-1ß, 1α, IFN-γ cytokines, hormones, vegetative regulation of heart rhythm in older teachers in the dynamics of the school year. The indices of the spectral analysis of the heart rhythm (n=50) at the beginning of the school year (background level), after 5 and 9 months, were studied. The state of cellular factors of innate and adaptive immunity was assessed by analyzing the functional activity of peripheral blood neutrophils by their ability to absorb latex particles, oxygen-dependent metabolism, and functional reserve; lymphocyte receptor landscape - used methods of flow cytofluorimetry; enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay; the calculation of the Shapiro-Wilk criterion, χ², one-sided Fisher exact test, t-Student criterion. A decrease in heart rate variability indicators characterizing the activity of the parasympathetic regulation, as well as immune homeostasis among older teachers in the dynamics of the school year, which confirms the need to implement a set of preventive measures aimed at maintaining health.

[Functional activity of neutrophils and local manifestations of oxidative stress in the mucous membrane of the nasal cavity in the early postoperative period]. / Funktsional'naia aktivnost' neitrofilov i lokal'nye proiavleniia okislitel'nogo stressa v slizistoi obolochke polosti nosa v rannem posleoperatsionnom periode.

The purpose of the study was to study the factors of antimicrobial, antioxidant defense, variability of nasal secretion lipid peroxidation in patients with curvature of the nasal septum in the early postoperative period. METHODS: microbiological, immunological (assessment of the activity and intensity of phagocytosis, nitrous tetrazolium reduction test) biochemical (study of content diene conjugates, ketodienes, conjugated trines and Schiff bases in the lipid extract of neutrophilic granulocytes), statistical. RESULTS: The dynamics of the content, functional and biochemical activity of neutrophilic granulocytes in nasal washings in individuals who underwent rhinosurgical intervention testifies to the presence of qualitative and quantitative changes in neutrophilic granulocytes of the nasal secretion, recorded in reactions of oxygen-dependent metabolism, free radical oxidation and antioxidant protection.

[The evaluation of detection rate of Mycoplasma hominis and Ureaplasma spp. using cultural technique and polymerase chain reaction].

In the clinical diagnostic laboratories of Chelyabinsk and St. Petersburg evaluation of detection rate of Mycoplasma hominis and Ureaplasma spp. was implemented using technique of polymerase chain reaction and cultural method. The reagents kits "Mycoplasma ACH-12" and "Ureaplasma ACH-12" were used to detect and determine antibiotics sensitivity of urogenital mycoplasma with determination of character of sensitivity of clinical isolates M.hominis and Ureaplasma spp. in sample of secretion of urethra and cervical channel. The results of study demonstrated that rate of detection of Ureaplasma spp. turned out significantly higher than M.hominis. The common coincidence of results in St. Petersburg between two techniques (polymerase chain reaction and cultural method) in case of detection of Ureaplasma spp. amounted to 97.5% and in case of detection of M.hominis - 93.5%.The common coincidence of the results in Chelyabinsk between two techniques (polymerase chain reaction and cultural method) in case of detection of Ureaplasma spp. amounted to 79.9% and in case of detection of M.hominis - 96.1%.

[The effect of continuous low-intensity laser irradiation of the red spectrum on the changes in the functional activity and speed of NADPH-oxidase response of human peripheral blood neutrophils]. / Vliyanie nepreryvnogo nizkointensivnogo lazernogo izlucheniya krasnogo spektra na izmeneniya funktsional'noi aktivnosti i skorosti NADF-oksidaznoi reaktsii neitrofilov perifericheskoi krovi cheloveka.

Registration of the changes in the functional metabolic status of neutrophils under the influence of low-intensity laser radiation (LILR) can be useful for the choice of the exposure parameters in the studies designed to evaluate immunotropic effects. Such investigations, in their turn, are very promising in clinical terms since their results can be used to optimize the laser therapy techniques. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the degranulation potential of neutrophils and the intensity of their NADPH-oxidase reaction in response to the exposure to laser radiation as exemplified by the release of lysosomal granules in vitro. The source of radiation was the LASMIK device operated in the continuous mode at the following parameters: wavelength 635 nm, power density 0.12 mW/cm2, exposure time 10, 30, 90, 120, 150 s in the case of the automatic timer control and 100 s in the case of manual shutdown. It was shown that the maximum lysosomal activity and release of lysosomal granules took place at a 90-10 s exposure and a wavelength of 635 nm with the appearance of a plateau within 120 and 150 s after the onset of irradiation. In the case of a shorter exposure of neutrophil granulocytes to LILR (10 and 30 s) no pronounced effect was observed. It means that low-intensity laser radiation of the red spectrum with a wavelength of 635 nm is a physical stimulus reinforcing exocytosis of lysosomal granules by neutrophils in vitro. The reliable changes of NADPH-oxidase activity of neutrophil granulocytes isolated from donor peripheral blood are recorded at an optimum exposure time of 90-100 s. It is concluded that the laser therapy techniques, at least those designed to regulate neutrophils should be applied with the optimum exposure time of 90-100 s.

[Monitoring of microflora localized at the pharyngeal tonsil surface in the children residing in the city of Chelyabinsk and presenting with chronic adenoiditis].

The objective of the present retrospective study based on the analysis of 791 medical cards was to investigate microflora localized at the pharyngeal tonsil surface in the children living in the city of Chelyabinsk and presenting with exacerbation of chronic adenoiditis. 66% of the patients with this condition were 4-6 year old children. The most commonly documented were the associations composed of resident species S. alpha-haemoliticus and S. epidermidis together with pathobiontic S. aureus. S. beta-haemoliticus and S. pneumoniae occurred most frequently whereas H. influenza and some representatives of the genus Enterobacteriaceae were less numerous. Fungi of the genus Candida were identified in 25.4% of the samples at a titer above 10^4. In 23.7% of the cases, these fungi were found in the associations with S. aureus which resulted in mutual potentiation of the pathogenicity factor.

[The diagnostic significance of content of zinc in seminal fluid of patients with chlamydia affection of urogenital system and decreasing of agility of spermatozoa.]

The study was carried out concerning analysis of content of zinc ions, physical chemical characteristics, kinesiograms and leukocytes of seminal fluid of patients with urogenital chlamydias and healthy males (average age - 35±9.5 years). The detection of zinc ions was implemented using direct colorimetric test without deproteinization. The average content of zinc in patients with chlamydias infection amounted to 1.9 mmol/l. The correlation was established between content of zinc, alteration of mobility, increasing of content of spermatozoa and disorder of motion activity that demonstrates actuality of present study.

[Chronic infection urethroprostatit: a new look at old problem].

An open, short-term, prospective, randomized study was conducted. 114 men with chronic urethroprostatitis against chlamydial-mycoplasmal infection, mean age 41,2 +/- 0,4 years, were observed. Follow investigations were performed: PCR, microscopic examination of urethral secretions and semen, transabdominal and transrectal ultrasound examination of prostate, evaluation of indicators of local and systemic immunity. In patients with chronic urethroprostatitis, abnormal urethral secretions were dominated; according to data of ultrasound examination, changes in the prostate were registered in all patients, as well as disturbances in cellular and humoral immunity. Depending on the method of treatment, patients were divided into two groups: Group 1 received an immunomodulator Lavomax and basic treatment: azithromycin at a dose 1.0 g once a week for 3 weeks, Celebrex, physiotherapy (low-intensity laser radiation), prostate massage; and Group 2 received only basic therapy. The control group consisted of 30 healthy men. The most pronounced normalization of cellular immunity (decreased number of leukocytes, reduction of lysosomal activity, increased activity and intensity of phagocytosis, and functional reserve of neutrophils in the ejaculate), as well as normalization of lymphocyte subpopulation composition, immunoregulatory index in the peripheral blood, and levels of IgA, IgG, IL-8, INF-gamma, resolution of clinical symptoms were observed among patients in Group 1. Moreover, the rate of elimination of infectious agents was significantly higher in Group 1. Thus, the use of immunomodulator Lavomax is pathogenetically substantiated treatment for chronic urethroprostatite against chlamydial and mycoplasmal infection, which allows to include Lavomax in a comprehensive treatment of this disease.

[The influence of ultrasonic radiation on the factors of antimicrobial resistance in the women of reproductive age presenting with mycoplasma infection of the urogenital tract].

The present clinical immunological study included 90 women of reproductive age presenting with mycoplasma infection of the lower urogenital tract. Low-frequency ultrasonic radiation was shown to successfully correct the disbalance in the system of congenital immunity that manifested itself as marked dysfunction of neutrophil granulocytes. The local application of low-frequency ultrasonic radiation normalized concentration of neutrophil defensins in cervical secretion as well as the number and function of neutrophils themselves.

[The study of expression of apoptosis receptors (CD95+) on the surface of neutrophils from cervical secretion of women with chlamydial infection and the possibility of its correction by magnetic laser radiation].

The present work was designed to study the expression of CD95 antigen (Fas/APO-1) at the surface of neutrophil granulocytes from the cervical secretion. Sixty five female patients with Chlamydia infection available for observation exhibited enhanced CD95+ expression following basic therapy. It was found that combined treatment with the use of magnetic laser radiation normalized the level of CD95+ surface receptors on neutrophils.

Monitoring of the effect of low-intensity laser radiation with constant pulse generation on neutrophil granulocytes in vitro.

We studied the effect of low-intensity laser radiation with constant pulse generation on bactericidal activity of neutrophilic granulocytes, in particular, on their capacity to form extracellular structures, so-called extracellular neutrophil traps. It was found that exposure to low-intensity laser radiation with constant pulse generation enhanced bactericidal activity of neutrophilic granulocytes, which manifested in the increase of the percent of neutrophils forming extracellular neutrophil traps.

[Analysis of parameters of reproductive tract mucosal immunity in women with chlamydial infection before and after local magnetolaserotherapy].

The objective of the present study was to evaluate the influence of combined treatment with low-intensity laser radiation and magnetic field on neutrophil function in women presenting with Chlamydial infection. Dysfunction of neutrophil granulocytes in these patients was manifest in the first place as the decreased number of phagocytes and the low rate of phagocytosis. It was shown that the concentration of active oxygen species in neutrophils in the patients with Chlamydial infection was significantly smaller than in healthy women. The concurrent application of low-intensity laser radiation and a magnetic field not only stimulated phagocytosis but also increased intracellular production of active oxygen species especially under in vitro conditions. It is concluded that combined treatment with low-intensity laser radiation and magnetic field has beneficial effect on the parameters of mucosal immunity in the reproductive tract of women with Chlamydial infection.

[Effect of low-intensity laser radiation on neutrophils from cervical discharge of women with mycoplasma infection].

Effect of low-intensity laser radiation on the main effector functions of neutrophils from the cervical discharge was studied in women with mycoplasma infection and dysfunction of neutrophil granulocytes manifest in the first place as a reduced number of phagocytic cells and decreased intensity of phagocytosis. The fraction of intracellular active forms of oxygen in cervical neutrophils from infected women was smaller than in healthy ones. Irradiation by low-intensity laser light increased both activity of pagocytosis and intracellular generation of active oxygen forms. It is concluded that low-intensity laser radiation normalizes disturbed neutrophil function.

[Low-intensity laser effects on local immunity of female reproductive system affected with chlamidia infection].

Low-intensity laser impact on the main effector functions of the cervical secretion neutrophils in females suffering from Chlamidia infection has been studied. Dysfunction of neutrophil granulocytes of the cervical secretion was revealed. This manifested in the decreased number of phagocytes and lower rates of phagocytosis. The study of cervical secretion neutrophils has found that the content of active intracellular forms of oxygen was decreased in patients compared to healthy subjects. Low-intensity laser stimulated not only phagocytosis but also intracellular generation of active oxygen forms. Thus, low-intensity laser eliminates dysfunction of cervical secretion neutrophils.

[Immunological and microbiological aspects of low intensity laser effect on the factors of local immunity of the reproductive tract in women with chlamydia infection].

Assessment of immunological and microbiological efficacy of Chlamydia cervicitis management was made by a complex method with a low intensity laser. The total number of leukocytes, percentage of viable cells and the number of neutrophils were detected in cervical secrets. Functional status of neutrophils was studied by a content of lysosomes on the ground of spontaneous and induced by latex HCT-reducing capacity, phagocytic activity. A system of cytokines was studied by interleukine level (IL-1 alpha, IL-1 beta, TNF-alpha, IL-8) and IFN-gamma content in cervical mucus. Positive clinical effect of the local use of the low intensity laser for Chlamydia cervicitis treatment was accompanied by positive changes in immunological indices of cervical secret, normal concentration of cytokines in cervical secret, restoration of the number and functions of neutrophils. Local use of the low intensity laser contributed to decreased number of opportunistic pathogenic microorganisms and their associations, and restored local flora.

[Local immunity factors in the reproductive system of women with Chlamydia infection].

A total of 50 healthy women and 184 women of reproductive age with Chlamidia infection, complicated by candidiasis, mycoplasmosis and bacterial vaginosis were under examination. The local infectious immunity indices of cervical mucous were detected. The investigation of cell-mediated and humoral factors of cervical secretions revealed the dysfunction of local infectious protection in women with Chlamydia infection.