A luminous fast radio burst that probes the Universe at redshift 1.

Fast radio bursts (FRBs) are millisecond-duration pulses of radio emission originating from extragalactic distances. Radio dispersion is imparted on each burst by intervening plasma, mostly located in the intergalactic medium. In this work, we observe the burst FRB 20220610A and localize it to a morphologically complex host galaxy system at redshift 1.016 ± 0.002. The burst redshift and dispersion measure are consistent with passage through a substantial column of plasma in the intergalactic medium and extend the relationship between those quantities measured at lower redshift. The burst shows evidence for passage through additional turbulent magnetized plasma, potentially associated with the host galaxy. We use the burst energy of 2 × 1042 erg to revise the empirical maximum energy of an FRB.

Ostarine does not enhance the metabolic effect of exercise in obese rats.

Overweight and obesity are associated with severe metabolic disorders and an increased risk of cardiovascular diseases. It is a known fact that physical activity has a positive effect on metabolic parameters, and also reduces the risk of diseases such as diabetes. Some products can enhance the rate of lipolysis and help in improving fat loss. One of these are selective androgen receptor modulators (SARMs) which act as anabolic agents and are also believed to aid in fat-burning. In this study, we investigated whether 30 days of ostarine administration could potentially improve metabolic parameters using the rat model of obesity combined with exercise. We assessed the levels of biochemical and hormonal parameters in serum samples as well as insulin sensitivity indices of tissues. There were significant changes in the metabolic parameters with exercise. However, we did not find any additive effects of ostarine and exercise on most of the parameters tested. Similar results were obtained from the analysis of gene expression and the concentration of leptin and adiponectin. Our results indicated that ostarine had a lowering effect on cholesterol concentration in the serum (P<0.05). Moreover, when combining ostarine and exercise, additive changes were only observed in the levels of total and HDL cholesterol. No significant change was observed in the metabolic parameters of obese rats with the use of ostarine at the dose of 0.4 mg/kg body weight. Since ostarine is known to enhance performance, further research on its effects is needed.

Comment on "Spectroscopic properties and location of the Ce3+ energy levels in Y3Al2Ga3O12 and Y3Ga5O12 at ambient and high hydrostatic pressure" by S. Mahlik, A. Lazarowska, J. Ueda, S. Tanabe and M. Grinberg, Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys., 2016, 18, 6683.

The temperature dependence of the band-gap energy affects the evaluation of the energy positions of rare-earth 4f levels in relation to the vacuum level. Neglecting this dependence may lead to strongly distorted results.

EPR Properties of Concentrated NdVO4 Single Crystal System.

Single crystals of NdVO4 were grown by the Czochralski method under ambient pressure in a nitrogen atmosphere. Obtained crystals were transparent with strong violet coloring. Temperature and angular dependences of electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectra of the samples in the 3-103 K temperature range were analyzed applying Dyson like lineshape typically used for concentrated magnetic system. EPR-NMR program was used to find local symmetry and spin-Hamiltonian parameters of neodymium ions.

[Diagnosis and treatment of congenital bronchopulmonary malformations. A review of 32 cases]. / Diagnostic et traitement des malformations bronchopulmonaires congénitales : analyse de 32 observations.

OBJECTIVES: Analysis of our experience and propositions on the diagnosis and treatment of congenital bronchopulmonary malformations (BPM). POPULATION AND METHODS: Retrospective study of BPM diagnosed between 1997 and 2001. Analysis of clinical spectrum, diagnosis tools, treatment, and clinical outcome. RESULTS: Thirty-two cases of BPM have been investigated (11 cystic adenomatoid malformations, 7 pulmonary sequestrations, 7 bronchogenic cysts, 4 congenital lobar emphysema, and 3 complex emphysematous malformations). Nineteen patients had a prenatal diagnosis. For 9 others, symptoms occurred before 4 years of age. Evaluation included a CT-scan in all patients (BPM involution in one). Surgical treatment was performed in 30 patients (lobectomy in 18), with a mean age of 7 months for asymptomatic patients. During the follow-up (mean: 3 years), respiratory symptoms were reported in 10 cases, 3 of them were related to the BPM. DISCUSSION: Improvement in prenatal ultrasound diagnosis modified the management strategy. Considering the risk of pulmonary complications, surgical treatment is required during the first months of life. For congenital lobar emphysema, and some pulmonary sequestrations or small cystic adenomatoid malformations (<3 cm), conservative attitude may be preferred. BPM justify a multidisciplinary management.

[Paranoid syndrome in a patient with tumor in anterior part of corpus callosum. Case report]. / Zespól paranoidalny u chorego z guzem okolicy przedniej czesci spoidla mózgu. Opis przypadku.

The reported case was a patient with tumour situated in the region of the corpus callosum, with symptoms diagnosed initially as affective syndrome and later on as paranoid syndrome. With this diagnosis he was treated for 12 years in psychiatric out-patient clinics and hospitals with antidepressants and and neuroleptics. Brain imaging (CT and MRI) performed only after an epileptic seizure demonstrated a tumour in the anterior part of the corpus callosum with a broad oedema area. Neuropsychological examination revealed disturbances of emotional-motivation processes and defects in cognitive functions. Following surgical treatment only a slight improvement of functioning was noted. Histological diagnosis (PNET) suggested that the tumour was expanding during many years. Much earlier diagnosis with neurosurgical intervention could result in a better therapeutic effect.

[Solitary cyst of the calcaneus contemporary diagnostic possibilities: the results and treatment]. / Torbiel samotna w obrebie kosci pietowej--wspólczesne mozliwosci diagnostyczne, wyniki leczenia.

Bone remodeling within solitary cyst of the calcaneus has been investigated, its unique location underlined. Different theories behind its origin within the short bone like the calcaneus are discussed. The diagnosis might be supported by magnetic resonance imaging according to Greenfield data. At the final radiographic assessment according to the Neer criteria in majority of the patients incomplete healing with small osteoporotic areas has been found.

Combined treatment of cerebral aneurysms with utilization of clipping and coiling techniques.

Cerebral aneurysm clipping is a widely used and accepted treatment option. However, in some patients in severe condition (IV and V WFNS grade), with aneurysms of basilar and vertebral part of the arterial circulation and with high general surgical risk, direct aneurysm surgery can be a real technical and clinical problem. Therefore, low risk of coiling procedures gain more and more support. Out of 218 patients with diagnosed aneurysms, 60 were selected for coiling treatment, and 15 patients with multiple aneurysms were treated with both procedures. Special attention has to be addressed to the selection of patients for coiling procedures, especially in the cases when aneurysmal neck is directed accordingly to the main blood stream. The follow-up of the treatment effects is necessary. In the cases with growing aneurysms clipping is recommended. In the cases with stable size of the aneurysmal sack and visible coils compression, the coiling procedure is repeated. The coiling procedures can offer a valuable treatment option for selected patients. However, the maintenance of permanent occlusion of the aneurysm sack after coiling gives rise to some controversy.

[Anthropometric parameters in assessment of patients with Marfan syndrome or with Marfan phenotype]. / Przydatnosc wybranych parametrów antropometrycznych w ocenie stanu chorych z zespolem Marfana i fenotypem marfanoidalnym.

A series of 37 patients aged 4-64 years has been evaluated with criteria of Lee and Ramirez. Diagnosis of Marfan syndrome has been established in 13 cases, in 24 patients the Marfan phenotype has been found. In both groups body height, upper extremities length, the length of upper and lower body segment, length of the foot and hand have been recorded. Metacarpal index has been calculated. Antropometric measurements did not reveal significant differences in body parts proportions between these two groups.

[The evaluation of selected risk factors of solitary bone cyst recurrence after its curretage and bone graft filling]. / Ocena wybranych czynników ryzyka wznowy samotnej torbieli kosci po jej wylyzeczkowaniu z wypelnieniem ubytku wszczepami kostnymi.

Selected risk factors of solitary bone cyst recurrence after curretage and bone graft filling have been analyzed in this study. Seventy-four patients (42 males, 32 females) have been reviewed. The age of patients at the diagnosis ranged between 4 and 55 years (mean 12 years). During follow-up ranging from 1 year to 48 years (mean 18 years) 15 recurrences appeared. It has been found, that sex of the patient, localization and volume of the cyst, septa presence or absence within it have no statistically significant influence on the recurrence. Age below 10 years and the use of allogenic lyophilized bone grafts predispose for recurrence of solitary cyst of bone.

[Lower extremity deformities as an obstacle in rehabilitation of meningomyelocele patients--pathogenesis and principles of treatment]. / Znieksztalcenia konczyn dolnych jako przeszkoda w usprawnianiu chorych z przepuklina oponowo-rdzeniowa--mechanizm powstawania i zasady leczenia.

The fate of 89 patients with meningomyelocele operated at the Institute of Orthopedics and Rehabilitation in Poznan between 1970 and 1989 due to paretic deformities of lower extremities has been traced by the authors. Deformities prevented nursing, standing or ambulating; their type and results of treatment have been related to the level of neurosegmental lesion. Modified Sharrard's classification served to group the patients. The level of lesion established during lower extremities muscles testing has been verified after neurological examination supplemented with electrophysiological tests: sensory response within L3-S2 dermatomes, afferent conduction velocity of the peroneal nerve and selected muscles of lower extremity electromyogram. Deformities due to inadequate nursing (hip and knee contractures and equinus foot) were the main obstacle in the rehabilitation in patients with spinal Th12-L2 lesion. In patients with L3-L5 lesion hip contractures were accompanied by dislocation or subluxation of the hip due to muscular imbalance. Knee contracture was less frequent in this group and foot deformities were diverse. Surgical correction of paretic deformity of the hip was the last stage of management designed to promote rehabilitation, following previous foot and knee surgery. In patients with Th12-L2 lesion recurrence of contractures made standing and walking impossible. In patients with L3-L5 neurosegmental lesion surgery for paretic dislocation or subluxation of the hip inclusive of open reduction, varus-derotation osteotomy of the proximal femur, transiliac osteotomy and iliopsoas transfer to the greater trochanter according to Mustard resulted in stable hip. Seventy percent of patients with L3-L4 lesion and all patients with L5 lesion profited from hip surgery with reduced orthotic use and effective gait.

[Solitary bone cyst: etiology, diagnosis, therapy, clinical and radiologic evaluation of treatment results]. / Samotna torbiel kosci: etiologia, diagnostyka, terapia, kliniczna i radilogiczna ocena wyników leczenia.

Contemporary views on etiology and treatment for solitary bone cyst are presented. Coehn theory of metaphyseal blood flow disturbances as the cause of solitary cyst formation has been emphasized. Minimally invasive treatment modalities have been honored as steroid or autogenous marrow injections into the cyst. Campannaci classification, the most versatile one, embracing various types of cyst remodeling after treatment has been introduced in Polish literature for the first time.

[Companacci classification and result of treatment for aneurysmal bone cyst]. / Klasyfikacja Campanacciego a wyniki leczenia torbieli tetniakowatej.

Results of treatment of 17 patients operated because of aneurysmal bone cyst have been assessed. Age at the onset of symptoms ranged from 4 to 39 years, 14 on an average. There were 6 aggressive and active cysts in this series according to the Campanacci classification. Treatment consisted of segmental resection of the bone in 5 patients, curettage of the lesion filing of the defect with autogenous bone in 11 cases. Recurrence of the cyst has been observed in 3 patients, only one of them had aggressive type of tumor.

[Use of the Martin fixator for stabilization of bony fragments after resection of neoplasms]. / Zastosowanie aparatu Martina do stabilizacji odlamów kostnych po resekcjach z przyczyn nowotworowych.

The use of Martin fixator for bony fragments and graft stabilization after oncologic resection in 2 patients is presented. Good stabilization in both cases has been achieved. In one case due to the local recurrence of the tumor (sarcoma) an amputation was indispensable. In the other case (aneurysmal bone cyst) after 18 months complete union has been accomplished.

[Clinical heterogeneity of myelomeningocele as evidence of multisite closure of the neural tube]. / Heterogennosc kliniczna myelomeningocele w aspekcie wielomiejscowego mechanizmu zamykania cewy nerwowej.

Eighty-two patients treated surgically for myelomeningocele or myelodysplasia between 1945 and 1993 are presented. Family and environmental history has been studied. The presence of genetic markers (HLA B27, ABO, Rh) has been investigated. Heterogenicity of localization and type of defect in the series reviewed has been found. Associations between certain genetic features confirm multisite mechanism of closure of the neural tube. The relationship between site of neural tube defect and concurrence of developmental defects has been substantiated. A higher site often results in multiple defects.

[Diagnostic problems in a case of benign chondroblastoma]. / Trudnosci diagnostyczne w przypadku niezlosliwego chrzestniaka zarodkowego.

A case of benign chondroblastoma is described. Atypical radiographic picture with broad zone of sclerotic bone around the tumor has created diagnostic problem.

[Results of treating giant cell tumor with emphasis on local recurrence]. / Wyniki leczenia guza olbrzymiokomórkowego ze szczególnym uwzglednieniem wznowy miejscowej.

The paper presents results of treatment of 16 patients operated on because of giant cell tumor. Frequent local recurrence after curettage makes the authors to suggest more common use of the thermal or chemical destruction of the neoplastic cells to achieve oncologic sterility.

[Is the giant cell tumor in the distal part of the radius a tumor with a high potential malignancy?]. / Czy guz olbrzymiokomórkowy dalszej czesci kosci promieniowej jest nowotworem o wiekszej potencjalnej zlosliwosci?

The effects of the cure of four patients with the giant-cell tumor in the distal part of the radius have been resumed by the authors. In their opinion positive effects of the cure depend on suitable radical of surgery but not on primary location of the tumor.

[Apert Syndrome--orthopedic aspects and treatment outcome]. / Zespól Aperta--aspekty ortopedyczne i wyniki leczenia.

Several years follow up of 3 patients aged from 4 to 14 years with acrocephalosyndactyly of Apert Syndrome type is described. Functional evaluation of the hands was performed before the onset and after completion of treatment. Psychological tests run since the beginning of treatment were analyzed. In all cases remarkable improvement of function and shape was achieved, but progressive bony changes within phalanges negatively influence all over results.