Assuntos
Exposição Ambiental/efeitos adversos , Monitoramento Ambiental/métodos , Monitoramento Ambiental/normas , Monitoramento Epidemiológico , Humanos , Modelos Estatísticos , Neoplasias/etiologia , Neoplasias/mortalidade , Lesões por Radiação/complicações , Lesões por Radiação/prevenção & controle , Medição de Risco , Fatores de Risco , Federação Russa/epidemiologiaAssuntos
Contaminação Radioativa de Alimentos , Radioisótopos de Césio/análise , Contaminação Radioativa de Alimentos/análise , Concentração Máxima Permitida , Modelos Teóricos , Centrais Elétricas , Liberação Nociva de Radioativos , Federação Russa , Sibéria , Poluentes Radioativos do Solo , Radioisótopos de Estrôncio/análise , UcrâniaRESUMO
The levels of radioactive substances in all standard documents and special literature is expressed by the rate of their disintegration, which is not correct. The main indicator of radioactive danger is surface pollution (for example, in Bq/km2). But pollution of surface can be uneven and in some places dangerous. Recommendations to correction of the matter are offered.
Assuntos
Contaminação Radioativa do Ar , Doses de Radiação , Proteção Radiológica , Poluentes Radioativos do Solo , Modelos Teóricos , Proteção Radiológica/normasRESUMO
Pneumonia incidence in roentgenologists was studied on the basis of temporary disability certificates for the period of 5 years. A significant increase in pneumonia incidence was noted, which gives the grounds to consider this disease as occupationally dependent for this category of people. A quantitative dependence of pneumonia incidence on the value of the accumulated collective dose during the period under study was established.
Assuntos
Doenças Profissionais/epidemiologia , Exposição Ocupacional/estatística & dados numéricos , Pneumonia/epidemiologia , Lesões por Radiação/epidemiologia , Serviço Hospitalar de Radiologia , Absenteísmo , Humanos , Doenças Profissionais/etiologia , Pneumonia/etiologia , Prevalência , Lesões por Radiação/complicações , Federação Russa/epidemiologia , Recursos HumanosAssuntos
Poluentes Ocupacionais do Ar/toxicidade , Poluentes Radioativos do Ar/toxicidade , Poluentes Atmosféricos/toxicidade , Hidrocarbonetos/toxicidade , Óxido Nitroso/toxicidade , Medicina do Trabalho/normas , Lesões por Radiação/etiologia , Humanos , Hidrocarbonetos/administração & dosagem , Matemática , Concentração Máxima Permitida , Óxido Nitroso/administração & dosagem , Doses de Radiação , U.R.S.S.RESUMO
One-stage extracorporeal beta-radiation of dog blood in a dose of 6-12 Gy is not followed by the development of radiation after-effects. Favourable changes in the peripheral blood content are marked. Erythrocyte carbohydrates undergo adaptation reconstruction with an increase in the percentage of nucleic acids. Over 7 to 30 days of observation the activity of nonspecific immunity factors such as lysozyme, lytic activity of beta-lysines, and phagocytosis also increases. At the same time the antimicrobial action of penicillin is potentiated. The data obtained can be used for correction of upset immune responsiveness.
Assuntos
Células Sanguíneas/efeitos da radiação , Sangue/efeitos da radiação , Circulação Extracorpórea , Animais , Sangue/metabolismo , Contagem de Células Sanguíneas , Cães , Imunidade Inata/efeitos da radiação , Penicilina G/sangue , Penicilina G/efeitos da radiação , Doses de Radiação , Fatores de TempoRESUMO
By the 1981 centralized individual dosimetric control data using film dosimeters IFKU-1 the summary dose of medical radiologists in the Ukraine was 223 man-cSv X year-1. The mean annual doses in different occupational groups of medical radiologists varied from 0.07 to 0.60 cSv X year-1 and were in accord with the data available to the UN Scientific Committee on Atomic Radiation Effects concerning the levels of irradiation in similar professions in France, Canada and Austria in the period of 1974 to 1975. Persons in charge of the storage of radioactive substances are referred to high risk groups by the level of a mean annual dose (0.60 cSv X year-1). The distribution of irradiation annual doses of medical radiologists in the Ukraine was well approximated by Weibull function within the dose range of 0-1.1 cSv X year-1. This dose range accounts for 98.4% of all the cases. 1.6% of the persons received annual doses within the range of 1.1-3.5 per year-1, and their summary dose was 53.5 man-cSv X year-1. Basing on the data obtained a conclusion has been made that an increase in the frequency of stochastic effects in Ukrainian medical radiologists at the expense of occupational irradiation in 1981 is not to be expected.