Resilience in patients and family caregivers living with congenital disorders of glycosylation (CDG): a quantitative study using the brief resilience coping scale (BRCS).

BACKGROUND: Patients and family caregivers living with Congenital Disorders of Glycosylation (CDG) experience a heavy burden, which can impact their resiliency and quality of life. The study's purpose was to measure the resilience levels of patients and family caregivers living with CDG using the brief resilience coping scale. METHODS: We conducted an observational, cross-sectional study with 23 patients and 151 family caregivers living with CDG. Descriptive analyses were performed to characterize patients with CDG and family caregivers' samples. Additionally, we assessed correlations between resilience and specific variables (e.g., age, academic degree, time until diagnosis) and examined resilience differences between groups (e.g., sex, marital status, occupation, professional and social support). RESULTS: GNE myopathy was the most prevalent CDG among patients, while in family caregivers was PMM2-CDG. Both samples showed medium levels of resilience coping scores. Individuals with GNE myopathy had significantly higher scores of resilience compared to patients with other CDG. Resilience was positively correlated with educational degree in patients with CDG. Family caregivers had marginally significant higher scores of resilience coping if they received any kind of professional support or had contact with other families or people with the same or similar disease, compared with unsupported individuals. CONCLUSIONS: Despite the inherited difficulties of living with a life-threatening disease like CDG, patients and family caregivers showed medium resilient coping levels. Resilience scores changed significantly considering the CDG genotype, individual's academic degree and professional and social support. These exploratory findings can empower the healthcare system and private institutions by promoting the development of targeted interventions to enhance individuals` coping skills and improve the overall well-being and mental health of the CDG community.

Development of a New Questionnaire to Assess Parental Perceived Barriers When Promoting Healthy Eating Habits in Young Children: First Findings.

Social cognitive models suggest a crucial role played by perceived barriers in promoting healthy behaviors, including healthy eating. We aimed to develop a new questionnaire to assess parental perceived barriers to healthy feeding in young children and perform the instrument's preliminary psychometric evaluation. The initial pool of items was developed based on reviews and qualitative studies. First, we conducted an online, descriptive, cross-sectional study with 278 parents of 2-6-year-old children to examine its factorial structure and internal consistency. Then, a second study with 168 parents from a similar population assessed convergent/discriminant and known-groups validity. The exploratory factorial analysis confirmed the scale's theoretical structure. Five scales were found: Child-Related Barriers, Parent-Related Barriers-Vegetables and Fruit, Parent-Related Barriers-Added Sugars, Social Context-Related Barriers, and Cost-Related Barriers. All scales presented adequate reliability. We found weak to moderate, negative, and significant correlations between child- and parent-related barriers regarding vegetables and fruits, feeding practices to promote children's eating self-regulation, and food parenting self-efficacy. Additionally, parents who perceived their children as easy and well-regulated reported significantly fewer child-related barriers than parents with poorly self-regulated and inhibited children. The results support the instrument's preliminary psychometric adequacy regarding its validity and reliability and corroborate earlier empirical studies about the main parental barriers when promoting young children's healthy eating habits.

Attitudes toward Patient-Centred Care, Empathy, and Assertiveness among Students in Rehabilitation Areas: A Longitudinal Study.

This study assessed attitudes toward patient-centred care, empathy, assertiveness, and subjective perception of communication skills and technical knowledge among Portuguese undergraduate students in healthcare. These students may develop rehabilitation activities with patients in their person-oriented or technique-oriented professions. Portuguese nursing and allied health students from two public higher education schools completed questionnaires in the first and third academic years: Patient-Practitioner Orientation Scale, Jefferson Scale of Physician Empathy, Scale for Interpersonal Behaviour, and a subjective perception of technical knowledge and communication skills. A total of 183 students completed the surveys. In the first year, students showed moderate to high scores on patient-centredness attitudes, empathy, and assertiveness and perceived themselves as having good communication skills. Students from person-oriented programmes significantly improved their Total and shared patient-centred attitudes in the third year compared with students attending technique-oriented professions. Significant differences in empathy were found between groups in the third year. Distress associated with assertive behaviours increased significantly across time in students from technique-oriented programmes compared with their peers in person-oriented programmes. The results suggest that the health profession's orientation and the programmes' specific curriculum might have a role in how some dimensions evolved in the two groups of students. The increasing assertiveness-related discomfort highlighted the importance of assessing and monitoring students' emotional wellbeing during their initial interactions with patients.

Intake of added sugar, fruits, vegetables, and legumes of Portuguese preschool children: Baseline data from SmartFeeding4Kids randomized controlled trial participants.

Introduction: The SmartFeeding4Kids (SF4K) program is an online self-guided intervention for parents with the propose of changing parental feeding practices and children's dietary intake, focusing on the intake of added sugars, fruit, vegetables, and legumes. This paper aims to describe children's dietary pattern at baseline through a 24-h food recall, the SmartKidsDiet24. Methods: Overall, 89 participants recorded at least one meal of the 3-day food recall. Mean age was 36.22 ± 6.05 years and 53.09 ± 15.42 months old for parents and children, respectively. Of these, 22 participants were considered to have 2 days of near complete 24-h food recalls. Children's dietary intake are reported for these 22 participants based on parents reports and, thus, represent estimations only, as it remains unknown whether children consumed other non-reported foods. Results: Fruit was the group with the highest daily intake among children (mean 1.77 ± 1.10 portions/day), followed by added sugar foods (mean 1.48 ± 0.89 portions/day), vegetables [median 1.27 (1.64) portions/day] and legumes [median 0.12 (0.39) portions/day]. Fruit intake was positively correlated with vegetable intake (p = 0.008). Regarding Dietary Reference Values accomplishment, 13.6% of children exceeded the daily safe and adequate intake of sodium, 77.3% did not meet potassium and fiber recommendations, and 31.8% did not meet vitamin C recommendations. Discussion: All children did not meet calcium, vitamin B12 and vitamin D intake recommendations. Our findings further justify the need for dietary interventions in this field, to improve young children's diets. Clinical trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov, identifier NCT04591496.

Development and Psychometric Characteristics of an Instrument to Assess Parental Feeding Practices to Promote Young Children's Eating Self-Regulation: Results with a Portuguese Sample.

A parental child-centered feeding approach is likely to keep children's biological mechanisms activated while eating, protecting them in an obesogenic context. However, few feeding practice measures assess parents' behaviors to guide and prompt children to identify and respond appropriately to their signs of hunger and satiety. We aimed to develop and study the reliability, validity, and measurement invariance of a new scale to assess parental feeding practices to promote children's self-regulation of food intake. To pursue this aim, we conducted two descriptive, cross-sectional, online studies in Portugal in an online format; a total of 536 parents of 2- to 6-year-old children completed the evaluation protocol. Factorial analysis findings support the theoretical organization proposed for the scale. The confirmatory factorial analysis supported a first-order factor structure with two subscales, Prompting for eating self-regulation and Teaching about eating consequences, with eight items in total. Both scales presented good internal consistency and adequate temporal stability, with a significant, positive, and moderate relationship. The results showed metric invariance for the child's sex. Both types of practices were positively correlated with the child's enjoyment of food. Prompting for eating self-regulation showed negative associations with parents' emotional lack of control, children's satiety responsiveness, slowness in eating, and fussiness. Preliminary studies confirmed both the validity and reliability of the instrument and the adequacy of adopting a self-regulatory approach when assessing child-centered feeding practices. Combining this instrument with others that assess coercive practices can be beneficial to capture ineffective parents' behaviors on children's eating self-regulation.

SmartFeeding4Kids, an online self-guided parenting intervention to promote positive feeding practices and healthy diet in young children: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial.

BACKGROUND: Caregivers' influence on young children's eating behaviors is widely recognized. Nutritional interventions that focus on the promotion of children's healthy diet should actively involve parents, focusing on their feeding behaviors and practices. METHODS: This work aims to describe the development and study protocol of the SmartFeeding4Kids (SF4K) program, an online self-guided 7-session intervention for parents of young (2-6 years old) children. The program is informed by social cognitive, self-regulation, and habit formation theoretical models and uses self-regulatory techniques as self-monitoring, goal setting, and feedback to promote behavior change. We propose to examine the intervention efficacy on children's intake of fruit, vegetables, and added sugars, and parental feeding practices with a two-arm randomized controlled with four times repeated measures design (baseline, immediately, 3 and 6 months after intervention). Parental perceived barriers about food and feeding, food parenting self-efficacy, and motivation to change will be analyzed as secondary outcomes. The study of the predictors of parents' dropout rates and the trajectories of parents' and children's outcomes are also objectives of this work. DISCUSSION: The SmartFeeding4Kids program relies on technological resources to deliver parents' self-regulation techniques that proved effective in promoting health behaviors. The study design can enhance the knowledge about the most effective methodologies to change parental feeding practices and children's food intake. As a self-guided online program, SmartFeeding4Kids might overcome parents' attrition more effectively, besides being easy to disseminate and cost-effective. TRIAL REGISTRATION: The study was registered in ClinicalTrials.gov ( NCT04591496 ) on October 19, 2020.

Changing parental feeding practices through web-based interventions: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Web-based parent interventions designed to promote children's healthy eating patterns can enhance parents' engagement and facilitate behavior change. However, it is still unclear how much the existing programs focus on changing parental feeding practices, and if so, which behavioral methodologies are used and how effective these interventions are in changing these parental behaviors. This systematic review and meta-analysis studied randomized controlled trials of web-based interventions targeting parents of 0-12-year-old children, aiming to promote children's healthy diet or prevent nutrition-related problems and reporting parental feeding behaviors as one of the outcomes. We conducted an electronic search in four databases from the earliest publication date until February 2020. Of the 1271 records found, we retained twelve studies about nine programs, comprising 1766 parents that completed the baseline evaluation. We found recent interventions, mainly directed to parents of young children, with small, non-clinical samples, and mostly theory-based. The programs were heterogeneous regarding the type of intervention delivered and its duration. The most assessed parental feeding practices were Restriction, Pressure to eat, and Food availability/accessibility. The behavior change techniques Instruction on how to perform the behavior, Demonstration of the behavior, and Identification of self as role model were frequently used. Meta-analytic results indicated that most programs' effects were small for the evaluated parental practices, except for Food availability/accessibility that benefited the intervention group only when all follow-up measurements were considered. The development of high-quality and controlled trials with larger samples is needed to determine with greater certainty the interventions' impact on parental feeding behaviors. The more frequent inclusion of measures to evaluate parental practices to support children's autonomy and of self-regulatory strategies as intervention components should be considered when designing programs.

Effectiveness of a parental school-based intervention to improve young children's eating patterns: a pilot study.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effectiveness of a pilot study of a parental school-based intervention to promote healthy eating behaviours in young children. DESIGN: A quasi-experimental longitudinal design with three conditions (complete intervention (CIG), minimal intervention (MIG), control (CG)), with repeated measures at baseline, immediately after the intervention, 6 months and 1 year after intervention. SETTING: Fourteen public and state-funded kindergartens near Lisbon, Portugal. SUBJECTS: Parents (n 349) of 3- to 6-year-old children assigned to the three conditions completed the baseline protocol. The 'Red Apple' intervention included four parental group sessions about young children's growth, nutritional guidelines and positive parental feeding strategies, which was combined with adult-child activities at home and in the classroom, and newsletters (CIG). MIG included only a single nutritional counselling session, whereas the CG had no intervention. At the end, thirty-eight, twenty-six and fifty-four parents in the CIG, MIG and CG, respectively, had completed all evaluation components. Data regarding parental perception of children's weight, self-efficacy, nutritional knowledge, feeding strategies, eating behaviours and BMI were collected at the four assessment moments. RESULTS: The CIG showed improvements in children's healthy food intake, compared with the MIG and CG. Parental self-efficacy regarding the regulation of children's eating behaviours decreased in the CG but not in both intervention groups. CONCLUSIONS: Considering the low dosage of the intervention, the results obtained were positive. Future studies should offer additional solutions to overcome barriers to parents' participation.

Predictors of parental concerns about child weight in parents of healthy-weight and overweight 2-6 year olds.

INTRODUCTION: Parental awareness and concerns about a child's weight can promote healthy food parenting behaviors. Understanding the factors that influence parent's concerns about childhood (over)weight may help professionals define more effective strategies when working with families. This study aimed to assess parental concerns about their young child's weight and to identify contributors of parental concerns about weight in parents of healthy-weight and overweight children, considered separately. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Data collection was performed using a cross-sectional design. Parents of 339 children aged from 2 to 6 years completed a Children's Eating Habits Questionnaire and rated their perceptions of and concerns about their child's weight and diet quality. Children's body mass index was assessed and two samples were defined according to the child's nutritional status: healthy-weight (N = 230) and overweight (N = 109) children. Binomial logistic regression was used to predict parental concerns about the child's weight in each sample. RESULTS: Parental concerns about the child's weight were moderate in both groups. For healthy-weight children, parental concerns about the child's weight were significantly predicted by the parents' perception of the child's weight, concerns about the child's diet and the child's healthy food intake. In the overweight children group, parents' perception of the child's weight, concerns about the child's diet and perception of the child's diet quality predicted parental concerns, with the child's gender and recall of physician's warnings about the child's overweight condition as marginal predictors. CONCLUSIONS: Our results show that concerns about the child's weight in these two groups of parents share some common determinants but also differ regarding other factors, thus suggesting the need to consider these differences when working with parents of young children with different weight status.

Construção e validação da escala de atributos desejáveis do(a) parceiro(a) ideal / Development and validation of a desirable attributes of the ideal partner scale / Construcción y validez de la escala de atributos deseables del compañero ideal

Esta pesquisa objetivou desenvolver a Escala de Atributos Desejáveis do Parceiro Ideal (EADPI) para o contexto brasileiro, reunindo evidências psicométricas. Realizaram-se dois estudos. No Estudo 1, participaram 200 pessoas da população geral de João Pessoa (PB). Uma análise de componentes principais apontou como adequada uma estrutura multifatorial da EADPI, com cinco componentes e índices de consistência interna satisfatórios: atlética (α=0,80), afetuosa (α=0,80), tradicional (α=0,61), sociável (α=0,68) e realizada (α=0,60). No Estudo 2, participaram 201 pessoas da população geral desta mesma cidade, majoritariamente mulheres, com idade média de 26 anos. Uma análise fatorial confirmatória sugeriu como aceitável a estrutura multifatorial desta medida (GFI=0,89, AGFI=0,85 e RMSEA=0,061). Conclui-se, que a EADPI é uma medida que apresenta características psicométricas adequadas, podendo ser utilizada em estudos futuros.(AU)

This research aimed at developing the Desirable Attributes of Ideal Partner Scale (DAIPS), presenting psychometric evidences. Two studies were performed. Study 1 involved 200 people of the general population from João Pessoa (PB). A PC analysis indicated a multifactorial structure for the DAIPS, with five components: athletic (α=0.80), affectionate (α=0.80), traditional (α=0.61), sociable (α=0.68), and successful (α=0.60). Study 2 involved 201 people, mainly women, with a mean age of 26 years. A confirmatory factor analysis suggested as acceptable the multifactorial structure of this scale (GFI=0.89, AGFI=0.85, and RMSEA=0.061). So, it was concluded that the DAIPS is a measure that has adequate psychometric characteristics and can be used in future studies.(AU)

Esta investigación objetivó desarrollar la Escala de Atributos Deseables del Compañero Ideal (EADCI) para el contexto brasileño, reuniendo evidencias psicométricas. Se realizaron dos estudios. En el Estudio 1 participaron 200 personas de la población general de João Pessoa (PB). Por medio de análisis de los componentes principales fue observada una estructura multifactorial con cinco componentes del EADCI e índices de consistencia interna satisfactorios: atlética (α=0,80), cariñosa (α=0,80), tradicional (α=0,61), sociable (α=0, 68) y realizada (α=0,60). En el estudio 2 participaron 201 personas de la misma ciudad, en su mayoría mujeres con una media de edad de 26 años. Un análisis factorial confirmatorio indicó como aceptable la estructura multifactorial de esta medida (GFI=0,89, AGFI=0,85 y RMSEA = 0,061). Se concluyó que la EADCI es una medida que presenta características psicométricas adecuadas y se puede utilizar en estudios futuros.(AU)

Construção e validação da escala de atributos desejáveis do(a) parceiro(a) ideal / Development and validation of a desirable attributes of the ideal partner scale / Construcción y validez de la escala de atributos deseables del compañero ideal

Esta pesquisa objetivou desenvolver a Escala de Atributos Desejáveis do Parceiro Ideal (EADPI) para o contexto brasileiro, reunindo evidências psicométricas. Realizaram-se dois estudos. No Estudo 1, participaram 200 pessoas da população geral de João Pessoa (PB). Uma análise de componentes principais apontou como adequada uma estrutura multifatorial da EADPI, com cinco componentes e índices de consistência interna satisfatórios: atlética (α=0,80), afetuosa (α=0,80), tradicional (α=0,61), sociável (α=0,68) e realizada (α=0,60). No Estudo 2, participaram 201 pessoas da população geral desta mesma cidade, majoritariamente mulheres, com idade média de 26 anos. Uma análise fatorial confirmatória sugeriu como aceitável a estrutura multifatorial desta medida (GFI=0,89, AGFI=0,85 e RMSEA=0,061). Conclui-se, que a EADPI é uma medida que apresenta características psicométricas adequadas, podendo ser utilizada em estudos futuros...

This research aimed at developing the Desirable Attributes of Ideal Partner Scale (DAIPS), presenting psychometric evidences. Two studies were performed. Study 1 involved 200 people of the general population from João Pessoa (PB). A PC analysis indicated a multifactorial structure for the DAIPS, with five components: athletic (α=0.80), affectionate (α=0.80), traditional (α=0.61), sociable (α=0.68), and successful (α=0.60). Study 2 involved 201 people, mainly women, with a mean age of 26 years. A confirmatory factor analysis suggested as acceptable the multifactorial structure of this scale (GFI=0.89, AGFI=0.85, and RMSEA=0.061). So, it was concluded that the DAIPS is a measure that has adequate psychometric characteristics and can be used in future studies...

Esta investigación objetivó desarrollar la Escala de Atributos Deseables del Compañero Ideal (EADCI) para el contexto brasileño, reuniendo evidencias psicométricas. Se realizaron dos estudios. En el Estudio 1 participaron 200 personas de la población general de João Pessoa (PB). Por medio de análisis de los componentes principales fue observada una estructura multifactorial con cinco componentes del EADCI e índices de consistencia interna satisfactorios: atlética (α=0,80), cariñosa (α=0,80), tradicional (α=0,61), sociable (α=0, 68) y realizada (α=0,60). En el estudio 2 participaron 201 personas de la misma ciudad, en su mayoría mujeres con una media de edad de 26 años. Un análisis factorial confirmatorio indicó como aceptable la estructura multifactorial de esta medida (GFI=0,89, AGFI=0,85 y RMSEA = 0,061). Se concluyó que la EADCI es una medida que presenta características psicométricas adecuadas y se puede utilizar en estudios futuros...

Escolha do (a) parceiro (a) ideal por heterossexuais: são seus valores e traços de personalidade uma explicação? / Choice of ideal partner by heterosexuals: are their values and personality traits an explanation?

O presente estudo objetivou conhecer em que medida os valores humanos e os traços de personalidade se correlacionam com atributos desejáveis do (a) parceiro (a) ideal entre heterossexuais. Participaram 205 pessoas (100 mulheres e 105 homens) da população geral de João Pessoa (PB). Estes responderam aos seguintes instrumentos: Questionário dos Valores Básicos, Inventário dos Cinco Grandes Fatores e Escala de Atributos do Parceiro Ideal, além de perguntas sociodemográficas. Os valores se correlacionaram de forma teoricamente esperada com os atributos, sendo mais preponderantes do que os traços de personalidade. Quando comparados, homens e mulheres diferiram na importância dada a tais atributos. Finalmente, mostrou-se adequado o modelo hierárquico traços de personalidade → valores → atributos. Estes resultados foram discutidos tomando como referência a perspectiva evolucionista da escolha de parceiro e a teoria funcionalista dos valores humanos.(AU)

This study aimed to know to which extent human values and personality traits are correlated with desirable attributes of an ideal partner among heterosexuals. Participants were 205 people (100 women and 105 men) from the general population of João Pessoa-PB, Brazil. They answered the following instruments: Basic Values Survey, Big Five Inventory, Attributes of Ideal Partner Scale as well as socio-demographic questions. The values were correlated in a theoretically expected way with the attributes of an ideal partner, being more relevant than the personality traits. When they were compared, men and women differed in the importance given to these attributes. Finally, the hierarchical model of personality traits → values → attributes showed to be adequate. The findings were discussed based on the evolutionary perspective on mate choices and the functionalist theory of human values.(AU)

Escolha do (a) parceiro (a) ideal por heterossexuais: são seus valores e traços de personalidade uma explicação? / Choice of ideal partner by heterosexuals: are their values and personality traits an explanation?

O presente estudo objetivou conhecer em que medida os valores humanos e os traços de personalidade se correlacionam com atributos desejáveis do (a) parceiro (a) ideal entre heterossexuais. Participaram 205 pessoas (100 mulheres e 105 homens) da população geral de João Pessoa (PB). Estes responderam aos seguintes instrumentos: Questionário dos Valores Básicos, Inventário dos Cinco Grandes Fatores e Escala de Atributos do Parceiro Ideal, além de perguntas sociodemográficas. Os valores se correlacionaram de forma teoricamente esperada com os atributos, sendo mais preponderantes do que os traços de personalidade. Quando comparados, homens e mulheres diferiram na importância dada a tais atributos. Finalmente, mostrou-se adequado o modelo hierárquico traços de personalidade → valores → atributos. Estes resultados foram discutidos tomando como referência a perspectiva evolucionista da escolha de parceiro e a teoria funcionalista dos valores humanos.

This study aimed to know to which extent human values and personality traits are correlated with desirable attributes of an ideal partner among heterosexuals. Participants were 205 people (100 women and 105 men) from the general population of João Pessoa-PB, Brazil. They answered the following instruments: Basic Values Survey, Big Five Inventory, Attributes of Ideal Partner Scale as well as socio-demographic questions. The values were correlated in a theoretically expected way with the attributes of an ideal partner, being more relevant than the personality traits. When they were compared, men and women differed in the importance given to these attributes. Finally, the hierarchical model of personality traits → values → attributes showed to be adequate. The findings were discussed based on the evolutionary perspective on mate choices and the functionalist theory of human values.

Valores, metas de realização e desempenho acadêmico: proposta de modelo explicativo / Values, achievement goals and academic performance: proposal of an explanatory model / Valores, metas de realización y rendimiento académico: propuesta de modelo explicativo

Este estudo objetivou conhecer em que medida os valores explicam as metas de realização e estas, por sua vez, predizem o bom desempenho acadêmico. Participaram 307 estudantes do Ensino Médio da cidade de João Pessoa (PB), sendo a maioria do sexo feminino (61,2 por cento) e de escolas públicas (68 por cento), com idade média de 17,6 anos. Estes responderam ao Questionário de Metas de Realização, ao Questionário dos Valores Básicos, aos Indicadores de Desempenho Acadêmico e a perguntas demográficas. A partir da realização de regressões lineares, propôs-se um modelo explicativo no qual as prioridades valorativas predisseram as metas de realização e estas, por sua vez, predisseram o desempenho acadêmico. Os resultados obtidos apontam para um ajuste satisfatório deste modelo. Não obstante, sugere-se a realização de pesquisas que possam testá-lo em diferentes amostras, bem como inserir outras variáveis que possam contribuir para o melhor entendimento do desempenho acadêmico e seus determinantes.(AU)

The current study aimed to know to what extent values explain achievement goals and whether the latter predict good academic performance. Participants were 307 high school students from João Pessoa (PB), most of them women (61.2 percent) and from public schools (68 percent), with a mean age of 17.6 years old. They answered the Achievement Goals Questionnaire, the Basic Values Survey, Academic Performance Indicators and demographic questions. Based on linear regressions, an explanatory model was proposed in which value priorities predicted the goal achievements and these, in turn, predicted the academic performance. Results suggested the model presented satisfactory goodness of fit indices. However, further research was suggested to test this model in different samples, as well as taking into account other variables that could contribute to a better understanding of academic performance and its determinants.(AU)

Este estudio tuvo como objetivo conocer en qué medida los valores explican las metas de realización y éstas, a su vez, predicen el buen rendimiento académico. Participaron 307 estudiantes de Educación Secundaria de la ciudad de João Pessoa (PB), siendo la mayoría del sexo femenino (61,2 por ciento) y de escuelas públicas (68 por ciento), con edad promedio de 17,6 años. Los participantes respondieron el Cuestionario de Metas de Realización, el Cuestionario de Valores Básicos, Indicadores de Rendimiento Académico y preguntas demográficas. A partir de regresiones lineares, se propuso un modelo explicativo en el cual las prioridades valorativas predijeron las metas de realización y éstas, a su vez, predijeron el rendimiento académico. Los resultados obtenidos indican un ajuste satisfactorio de este modelo. No obstante, se sugiere que se realicen investigaciones que puedan probarlo en diferentes muestras, así como insertar otras variables que puedan contribuir para entender mejor el rendimiento académico y sus determinantes.(AU)

Escala de Altruísmo Autoinformado: evidências de validade de construto / Self-report Altruism Scale: evidences of construct validity

Este artigo objetivou adaptar a Escala de Altruísmo Autoinformado (EAA), reunindo evidências de sua validade de construto. Realizaram-se dois estudos em João Pessoa (PB), nos quais os participantes responderam a EAA e perguntas demográficas. No Estudo 1 participaram 331 estudantes universitários com idade média de 20. Por meio de análise fatorial exploratória identificou-se um fator geral de altruísmo com 17 itens, explicando 29% da variância total (α = 0,85; homogeneidade média = 0,29). No Estudo 2 participaram 408 estudantes universitários com idade média de 22 anos. Realizou-se uma análise fatorial confirmatória com os 17 itens saturando em um fator (α = 0,83; homogeneidade média de 0,28), observando-se indicadores de ajuste que confirmaram esta estrutura (GFI = 0,92, RMSEA = 0,058). Comprovou-se que as estruturas fatoriais e os coeficientes de consistência interna foram invariantes através dos estudos, concluindo-se que existem evidências de validade de construto da EAA.

This study aimed to adapt the Self-report Altruism Scale (SAS), providing evidences of its construct validity. Two studies were carried out in João Pessoa (PB), with participants having answered the SAS and demographic questions. In Study 1 participants were 331 undergraduate students with mean age of 20. A general factor of altruism, with 17 items, was identified by exploratory factor analysis, accounting for 29% of the total variance (α = 0.85; average homogeneity = 0.29). In Study 2 participants were 408 undergraduate students with mean age of 22. A confirmatory factor analysis was performed with 17 items loading on a single factor (α = 0.83; average homogeneity = 0.28), having been observed fit indices that confirmed this structure (GFI = 0.92, RMSEA = 0.058). Moreover, it was observed that the factorial structure and reliability coefficients were invariant across studies. In conclusion, there are evidences of construct validity of the SAS.

Valores, metas de realização e desempenho acadêmico: proposta de modelo explicativo / Values, achievement goals and academic performance: proposal of an explanatory model / Valores, metas de realización y rendimiento académico: propuesta de modelo explicativo

Este estudo objetivou conhecer em que medida os valores explicam as metas de realização e estas, por sua vez, predizem o bom desempenho acadêmico. Participaram 307 estudantes do Ensino Médio da cidade de João Pessoa (PB), sendo a maioria do sexo feminino (61,2 por cento) e de escolas públicas (68 por cento), com idade média de 17,6 anos. Estes responderam ao Questionário de Metas de Realização, ao Questionário dos Valores Básicos, aos Indicadores de Desempenho Acadêmico e a perguntas demográficas. A partir da realização de regressões lineares, propôs-se um modelo explicativo no qual as prioridades valorativas predisseram as metas de realização e estas, por sua vez, predisseram o desempenho acadêmico. Os resultados obtidos apontam para um ajuste satisfatório deste modelo. Não obstante, sugere-se a realização de pesquisas que possam testá-lo em diferentes amostras, bem como inserir outras variáveis que possam contribuir para o melhor entendimento do desempenho acadêmico e seus determinantes.

The current study aimed to know to what extent values explain achievement goals and whether the latter predict good academic performance. Participants were 307 high school students from João Pessoa (PB), most of them women (61.2 percent) and from public schools (68 percent), with a mean age of 17.6 years old. They answered the Achievement Goals Questionnaire, the Basic Values Survey, Academic Performance Indicators and demographic questions. Based on linear regressions, an explanatory model was proposed in which value priorities predicted the goal achievements and these, in turn, predicted the academic performance. Results suggested the model presented satisfactory goodness of fit indices. However, further research was suggested to test this model in different samples, as well as taking into account other variables that could contribute to a better understanding of academic performance and its determinants.

Este estudio tuvo como objetivo conocer en qué medida los valores explican las metas de realización y éstas, a su vez, predicen el buen rendimiento académico. Participaron 307 estudiantes de Educación Secundaria de la ciudad de João Pessoa (PB), siendo la mayoría del sexo femenino (61,2 por ciento) y de escuelas públicas (68 por ciento), con edad promedio de 17,6 años. Los participantes respondieron el Cuestionario de Metas de Realización, el Cuestionario de Valores Básicos, Indicadores de Rendimiento Académico y preguntas demográficas. A partir de regresiones lineares, se propuso un modelo explicativo en el cual las prioridades valorativas predijeron las metas de realización y éstas, a su vez, predijeron el rendimiento académico. Los resultados obtenidos indican un ajuste satisfactorio de este modelo. No obstante, se sugiere que se realicen investigaciones que puedan probarlo en diferentes muestras, así como insertar otras variables que puedan contribuir para entender mejor el rendimiento académico y sus determinantes.