[Analysis of the leading pathogenetic factors of dental caries in children with celiac disease]. / Analiz vedushchikh patogeneticheskikh faktorov kariesa zubov u detei s tseliakiei.

THE AIM: To identify the leading pathogenetic factors of dental caries in children with celiac disease. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The study included 48 children with a confirmed diagnosis of celiac disease at the age of 8-16 years. All the children were examined by a dentist, the oral cavity was sanitized, recommendations for oral care were given. All children followed a gluten-free diet and brushed their teeth at least once a day. The control group consisted of children (27 people) at the same age who did not have celiac disease. It was found that children with celiac disease have high rates of dental caries in comparison with children without this disease. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The leading pathogenetic factors affecting the hard tissues of the teeth is a lack of vitamin D, a high titer of Streptococcus mutans in saliva and a low salivation rate.

Datasets of EQCM-controlled deposition and cycling of thin polypyrrole films in acetonitrile electrolyte solution.

The paper presents three datasets obtained by electrochemical quartz microbalance technique which was applied to studies of conducting polymer film in contact with non-aqueous electrolyte solution. The first dataset describes the calibration procedure of gold-coated quartz crystal, immersed in acetonitrile silver ion-containing electrolyte, by means of silver layer electrodeposition. On the basis of experimentally measured dependence of the resonance frequency on the varying electrode mass in the course of electrochemical silver deposition/dissolution, the calibration coefficient was found to be equal to 13.6 ng/Hz. The second dataset has been collected when thus calibrated EQCM cell was used for determination of the mass change due to the polypyrrole film growth during anodic oxidation of pyrrole monomer from its acetonitrile solution. Its treatment reveals the proportionality between the mass change and the charge spent for pyrrole electrooxidation, the proportionality coefficient being 53.5 g per mole of electrons. The third dataset contains EQCM measurement data during repetitive charge-discharge treatment of the deposited polypyrrole film (cyclic voltammetry, CV) in monomer-free electrolyte. Collected data shows that continuous cycling of the polymer film leads to progressive increase of the cation-exchange contribution to the total ion flux which maintains the film's electroneutrality during variation of its redox state. These findings might be useful both for a qualitative consideration of the cycling stability of polypyrrole in non-aqueous medium and for a quantitative mathematical modelling of polypyrrole electropolymerization and its redox transformations.

[Initiation of pharmacotherapy as a risk factor for older patients.]

The article presents the literature and original data on the problems of falls in elderly patients. The connection of the fact of falling with initiation of therapy by a number of drugs known to have a negative impact on the risk of falling is considered. The article presents data on the frequency and structure of falls on the example of patients with cardiovascular diseases older than 75 years, treated in a multidisciplinary hospital. The analysis of the data showed a tendency of prevalence of the fact of falling in 1/3 patients (33,8%) in the first 5 days of hospital stay, which may be associated with high drug burden and the appointment of «new¼ drugs for the patient. The study noted that it was on the first day that the selection of therapy took place and additional drugs were often prescribed, leading to a state of polypragmasia. Analysis of individual groups of drugs was able to reliably confirm the relationship between the appointment of drugs that increase.

Tuberculosis among migrants in Bishkek, the capital of the Kyrgyz Republic.

Setting: Twenty-two first-line, two second-line and one tertiary health facility in Bishkek, the capital of Kyrgyzstan. Objectives: Among migrants, a marginalised population at risk for acquiring and transmitting tuberculosis (TB), we determined the proportion with TB among all registered TB cases. For those registered at primary-level facilities, we then reported on their demographic and clinical profiles and TB treatment outcomes. Design: This was a retrospective cohort analysis of 2012-2013 programme data. Results: Of 2153 TB patients registered in all health facilities, 969 (45%) were migrants, of whom 454 were registered in first-line facilities. Of these, 27% were cross-border migrants, 50% had infectious TB and 12% had drug-resistant TB. Treatment success was 74% for new cases and 44% for retreatment TB (the World Health Organization target is ⩾85%). Failure in new and retreatment TB patients was respectively 8% and 25%. Twenty-six individuals started on a first-line anti-tuberculosis regimen failed due to multidrug-resistant TB. Eight (25%) of 32 individuals on a retreatment TB regimen also failed. Loss to follow-up was 10% for new and 19% for retreatment TB. Conclusion: Migrants constituted almost half of all TB patients, drug resistance is prevalent and treatment outcomes unsatisfactory. Fostering inter-country collaboration and prioritising rapid TB diagnostics (Xpert® MTB/RIF) and innovative ways forward for improving treatment outcomes is urgent.

Contexte : Vingt-deux structures de santé de premier niveau, deux de second niveau et une de troisième niveau à Bichkek, la capitale du Kirghizstan.Objectifs : Parmi les migrants qui sont une population marginalisée à risque d'acquérir et de transmettre la tuberculose (TB), nous avons déterminé la proportion de migrants atteints de TB parmi tous les cas de TB enregistrés. Pour ceux enregistrés dans des structures de premier niveau, nous exposons leur profil démographique et clinique et les résultats du traitement de la TB.Schéma : Une analyse rétrospective de cohorte des données du programme de 2012 à 2013.Résultats : Sur 2153 patients TB enregistrés dans toutes les structures de santé, 969 (45%) ont été des migrants ; 454 ont été enregistrés dans des structures de premier niveau. Parmi ces derniers, 27% étaient des migrants transfrontaliers, 50% avaient une TB contagieuse et 12% avaient une TB pharmacorésistante. Le taux de succès a été de 74% pour les cas nouveaux et de 44% pour les TB en retraitement (cible de l'Organisation Mondiale de la Santé ⩾85%). Les échecs dans les cas nouveaux et les cas en retraitement ont été respectivement de 8% et de 25%. Vingt-six individus mis sous protocole de traitement de TB de première ligne ont eu un échec dû à une TB multirésistante. Huit (25%) des 32 individus en protocole de retraitement de TB ont également eu un échec. Les taux de perdus de vue ont été de 10% pour les cas nouveaux et de 19% pour les TB en retraitement.Conclusion : Les migrants ont constitué près de la moitié de tous les patients TB, la pharmacorésistance a été prévalent et les résultats du traitement ne sont pas satisfaisants. Il est urgent d'encourager la collaboration entre les pays, de prioriser les diagnostics rapides de TB (Xpert® MTB/RIF) et les manières innovantes d'améliorer les résultats du traitement.

Marco de referencia: Veintidós establecimientos de salud de atención primaria, dos establecimientos de atención secundaria y uno de atención terciaria en Bishkek, la capital de Kirguistán.Objetivos: En los migrantes, una población marginada con riesgo de contraer la tuberculosis (TB) y transmitirla, se determinó la proporción que padecía TB a partir de todos los casos de TB registrados. En los casos notificados por los establecimientos de atención primaria, se analizaron luego sus características demográficas, el aspecto clínico y los desenlaces del tratamiento antituberculoso.Método: Fue este un análisis retrospectivo de cohortes de datos del programa del 2012 y el 2013.Resultados: De los 2153 pacientes registrados con diagnóstico de TB en todos los establecimientos de salud, 969 eran migrantes (45%); 454 se registraron en centros de atención primaria. De estos últimos, el 27% correspondió a migrantes transfronterizos, el 50% presentaba TB contagiosa y el 12% padecía TB farmacorresistente. La tasa de éxito terapéutico en los casos nuevos de tuberculosis fue 74% y en los casos de retratamiento fue 44% (meta de la Organización Mundial de la Salud ⩾85%). El índice de fracaso terapéutico de los casos nuevos fue 8% y el de los casos en retratamiento fue 25%. En 26 personas que iniciaron el tratamiento antituberculoso de primera línea el tratamiento fracasó debido a la TB multirresistente. También fracasó el régimen de retratamiento en ocho de las 32 personas que lo habían recibido (25%). Las pérdidas durante el seguimiento fueron 10% en los casos nuevos y 19% en los casos de retratamiento.Conclusión: Los migrantes representan cerca de la mitad de todos los casos de TB, la farmacorresistencia es frecuente y alcanzan desenlaces terapéuticos desfavorables. Es urgente promover la colaboración entre los países, dar prioridad a los medios diagnósticos rápidos de la TB (Xpert® MTB/RIF) y encontrar formas innovadoras de progreso que favorezcan mejores desenlaces terapéuticos.

[A comparison of the efficacy and safety of memantal and original memantine in the treatment of mild and moderate dementia in Alzheimer's disease].

OBJECTIVE: To estimate the efficacy and safety of original memantine and generic medication (memantal) in patients with mild/ moderate dementia due to Alzheimer's disease (AD). MATERIAL AND METHODS: A six-month randomized controlled comparative study included 50 patients with mild/moderate dementia due to AD. Patients were naive to memantine and IAChe. Original memantine and generic medication dosage (5 mg daily) was titrated according to the manufacturer's recommendations. Patient's condition was assessed with MMSE, the Neuropsychiatric Inventory (NPI) and IADL. Side-effects were recorded. RESULTS: There were no statistically significant differences in cognitive functions, neuropsychiatric symptoms, instrumental activity and safety between original memantine and generic medication. Both medications slightly improved patient's cognitive functioning, mostly in patients with mild dementia due to senile type of AD. CONCLUSION: The generic medication (memantal) and original memantine have equal efficacy and safety in patients with mild/moderate dementia due to AD.

[The structure of type 2 diabetes risk-factors in people with normal weight].

In the current study we have presented the analyzed data of screening materials of type 2 diabetes patients aged 45 and above carried out in Kharkov (n=535) and Kharkov district villages (n=1052). It has been established, that the data of cohort people with normal body mass index were practically the same and accounted approximately one fourth of the analyzed patients. At the same time, it appeared that the patients living in the city were more susceptible to metabolic obesity (enlargement of abdominal fat tissue), arterial hypertension, myocardial infarction, insult and heavy family history. Metabolic obesity prevalent in city cohorts practically did not have any effect on the frequency of the above mentioned risk-factors. However, it definitely affected the cardio-vascular component in village cohorts.

[Results of application of platelet-enriched autogenous plasma for the treatment of patients after middle ear surgery].

A total of 39 patients presenting with chronic suppurative otitis media were examined and treated based at the Department of Otorhinolaringology, Kursk Regional Clinical Hospital. The results of the study indicate that a group of patients treated with the use of platelet-enriched autogenous plasma simultaneously with sanation surgery and tympanoplasty underwent accelerated healing of the postoperative cavity and restoration of hearing compared with the patients who received the traditional treatment.

[Natural killer cells (CD56, CD16) as a factor of local antitumor immunity in breast cancer].

Two groups of malignancies with significantly distinct ratios of Ki-67 and CD16 expression were identified. Significant direct and inverse correlations between the markers were established (p < 0.01) whereas either group revealed two contradicting patterns of immune response. Whatever hormone receptor, natural killer cells (IKC) (CD16) levels correlated directly with tumor size and lymph node incidence (p < 0.01). IKC (CD56) did not contribute to breast tumor response. Our findings on CD16 expression may be used as criteria in prognosis prediction.

[Comparative evaluation of proliferative activity of breast tumors of different estrogen-progesterone receptor status].

Immunological investigation involving 100 estrogen-progesterone receptor negative (RE-RP-) and 71 estrogen-progesterone receptor positive (RE+RP+) breast cancer patients demonstrated that Ki-67 expression in the former group was twice (49.8%) that in the latter (25.9%). Low Ki-67 expression was found in 39% of RE-RP-tumors whereas high expression--in 28% of RE+RP+ tumors.

[New potential of estrogen and progesterone receptor assay in cytological smears sampled from breast cancer patients]. / Vozmozhnosti opredeleniia retseptorov éstrogenov i progesterona v rake molochnoi zhelezy na tsitologicheskikh mazkakh.

Estrogen (ER) and progesterone (PR) receptors were assayed immunohistochemically in cytological smears and histological samples from 30 breast cancer patients. Since the results reported by the two research centers matched by 73%, it is suggested that running ER and PR determinations on cytological smears in cases of inoperable cancer, preoperative therapy and monitoring may be recommended. Therefore, the 3-4 year old records on ER and PR determinations should be regarded as null and void.

[Immunohistochemical investigation of estrogen and progesterone receptors in breast tumors]. / Immunogistokhimicheskoe issledovanie retseptorov éstrogenov i progesterona v rake molochnoi zhelezy.

Estrogen (ER) and progesterone (PR) receptor levels were assayed in 344 breast tumors. The following 4 patterns were identified: ER+ PR(+)--61%; ER+ PR- 24%; ER- PR(+)--15% and ER- PR(-)--35%. While no correlation was found between histological pattern, on the one hand, and the ER/PR ratio and age, on the other, there was one between estrogen and progesterone receptor content, on the one hand, and age, tumor size and metastatic spread to regional lymph nodes, on the other (p > 0.001).

[Dirofilariasis in the practice of an ophthalmologist]. / Dirofiliarioz v praktike glaznogo vracha.

A youth aged 16 was hospitalized in ophthalmological department for surgical treatment of the lower eyelid chalazion of the left eye. No helminths were diagnosed before surgery. Opening of the chalazion resulted in release of a thread-shaped helminth into the wound; the helminth was identified as immature Dirofilaria repens female. A solid connective tissue capsule formed round the parasite. Routes of Dirofilarias infection, its vectors, permanent, intermediate, and accidental hosts, and prevalence are discussed.

[Hygienic assessment of new technology of tank cars]. / Gigienicheskaia otsenka novoi tekhnologii obrabotki zheleznodorozhnykh tsistern.

A washing and steaming station built by Finnish specialists in 1997 operates at the Ryazan petroleum processing plant. The process is completely automatic and hermetic, excludes the workers' contact with harmful industrial factors. There is a whole set of special clothes and individual protective means. The plant's gas-fighting and rescue service monitors the air environment every 3 months. There is a closed rinsing water regeneration system at the plant.