Experimental transmission of Toxocara canis from Blattella germanica and Periplaneta americana cockroaches to a paratenic host.

The present study assessed the capacity of Blattella germanica and Periplaneta americana to disseminate and transmit infective phases of T. canis to rats, which were used as a model paratenic host. P. americana and B. germanica inoculated orally with T. canis larvated eggs shed eggs and larvae in their fecal matter during the first 6days post-inoculation. Larvae were recovered from the brain, lungs, kidneys and liver of rats that had been inoculated with either infected cockroaches or their feces. ELISAs of serum detected an increase of antibodies anti-T. canis excretion-secretion antigens, whereas Western Blot (WB) showed 4 bands (120, 50, 35 and 28kDa) that were similar to those found in positive control rats. Macroscopically, the liver and kidneys of infected rats had hemorrhagic areas with milk-spot-like lesions. The lungs showed diffuse grey protuberances. Histologically, hemorrhagic areas with leucocytic infiltrate were observed in the liver, lungs and kidneys. Some larvae were found within a granuloma that was surrounded by eosinophils and other leucocytic infiltrates. Larvae were found in the brain, but without inflammatory infiltrate. Both cockroach species that ingested larvated eggs of T. canis may shed viable larvae or eggs in their fecal matter. The induction of specific serum antibodies, presence of larvae in tissues and characteristic lesions associated with larval migration in the organs of rats that had ingested either whole adults or feces of B. germanica or P. americana demonstrate the capacity of these cockroaches to transmit toxocariosis to paratenic hosts.

Estabilidad cardiovascular en la microcirugía laríngea y recuperación postoperatoria precoz: comparación entre remifentanilo-sevoflurano vs. remifentanilo-propofol / Cardiovascular and emergence characteristics between sevofluraneremifentanil and propofol-remifentanil in microlaryngeal surgery

Introducción: La microcirugía laríngea es un proceso de corta duración que se asocia con un importante estímulo adrenérgico y frecuentemente realizada en cirugía de día. Diferentes técnicas anestésicas han sido empleadas para el control hemodinámico. Sin embargo, ningún estudio previo ha comparado la eficacia de la combinación sevoflurano y remifentanilo frente a propofol y remifentanilo en el control de la respuesta hemodinámica y parámetros de recuperación. Material y métodos: 37 pacientes ASA I-III con edades comprendidas entre 23-77 años y programados para microcirugía laríngea fueron incluidos en el estudio. Los pacientes fueron randomizados en dos grupos: grupo S-R (sevoflurano y remifentanilo); grupo P-R (propofol y remifentanilo). La infusión de remifentanilo se ajustó para mantener los valores hemodinámicos alrededor de un 20 % de los valores basales (dosis de 0,2 a 0,6 µg/kg/min). Se registraron los parámetros hemodinámicos cada 3 minutos desde la inducción y durante la inserción del laringoscopio rígido. Se compararon los tiempos de extubación, de orientación y de dolor postoperatorio entre ambos grupos. Resultados: No hubo diferencias entre ambos grupos en los parámetros basales. No hubo diferencias entre ambos grupos en la evolución de los valores hemodinámicos tras la inducción y durante la inserción (..) (AU)

Introduction: Laryngeal microsurgery is a short procedure associated with a huge adrenergic response. Different anaesthetics techniques and drugs have been used to try blunting these haemodynamic changes. No previous investigation has directly compared the combination of sevoflurane and remifentanil with that propofol and remifentanil in laryngeal microsurgery. We aimed to compare the haemodynamic responses and emergence characteristics between this two anaesthetic combinations. Material and methods: 37 patients, ASA status I-III, age 23-77 years, scheduled for elective laryngeal microsurgery were included in the study. They were randomly allocated in two groups: Group S-R (sevoflurane-remifentanil) and group P-R (propofol-remifentanil). Remifentanil infusion was adjusted to maintain haemodynamic values around 20 % of baseline. (From 0.2-0.6 µg.kg-1.min-1). Haemodynamic data were measured every 3 minutes from induction and during insertion of the operating laryngoscope. Extubation times, orientation and pain after surgery were recorded. Results: There were no significant differences during baseline. The haemodynamic parameters were similar between the two groups at induction and during insertion of the operating laryngoscope. Thee were no differences in remifentanil requirements between both groups, and the extubation time was similar. More patients had an Aldrete score of 10 at five minutes after extubation in SR group vs. PR group (100 vs. 67 %, p = 0.018). In PACU a higher (..) (AU)

III Actualización del Consenso de la Sociedad Española de Reumatología sobre terapia biológica en la artritis reumatoide / No disponible

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[Post-parathyroidectomy pseudogout in primary hyperparathyroidism]. / Seudogota posparatiroidectomía en el hiperparatiroidismo primario.

We report two cases of pseudogout after parathyroidectomy by primary hyperparathyroidism. The pseudogout in each instance developed within 48 hours after parathyroid adenoma resection. Calcium supplement therapy, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and colchicine (1 mg/day) suppressed the acute attack. The chondrocalcinosis is often asymptomatic or undiagnosed, for that, preoperative radiological studies of the knees, wrists and pelvis are recommended to screen for chondrocalcinosis. We advocate also, therapy with colchicine (1 mg/day, oral) in the prophylaxis of postoperative pseudogout.