Neuralgia del nervio glosofaríngeo posamigdalectomía: reporte de dos casos / Post-tonsillectomy glossopharyngeal nerve neuralgia: report of two cases

Resumen La amigdalectomía es uno de los procedimientos quirúrgicos más frecuentes que realiza el otorrinolaringólogo. Dentro de las complicaciones posoperatorias, la neuralgia del nervio glosofaríngeo es extremadamente poco frecuente. En este artículo se presentan dos casos clínicos pediátricos con neuralgia del glosofaríngeo posamigdalectomía que fueron resueltos con tratamiento médico.

Abstract Tonsillectomy is one of the most common procedures done by the otolaryngologist. Among post-operative complications, the glossopharyngeal neuralgia is extremely uncommon. This article presents two pediatric clinical cases with post-tonsillectomy glossopharyngeal neuralgia that were resolved with medical treatment.

[Debate on the return to face-to-face classes in Pandemic]. / Debate sobre el retorno a clases presenciales en Pandemia.

The implications of closing educational establishments during the COVID-19 pandemic and the dis cussion about the opening of them, invite and require us to consider, from different positions and responsibilities, the changes that we must make as a society at the educational level. In this article, a group of health professionals collects information and reflects on the repercussions of returning or not to school activities, in terms of physical and emotional health and academic education. Based on what is known to be protective factors and possible threats to return, it is possible to conclude that each local reality must make its own informed decision, with the participation of all its members, seeking the common good, which favors students, protects teachers, and privileges the role of the educational system in socio-emotional learning. School is a space for containing the emotions and adaptation needs that students and their families have experienced in these uncertain times. We all have a level of responsibility in building a new civilization around these issues that link education, physical and mental health, social collaboration, and individual responsibility. Differences in people's living conditions and unequal opportunities have become more visible than before (others are still hidden) and create an opportunity for changes that we must face together.

Insuficiencia respiratoria grave asociada a infección por metapneumovirus en lactantes / Severe respiratory distress associated to Metapneumovirus infection in infants

Introducción: El año 2001 investigadores holandeses reportaron un nuevo virus capaz de causar infección respiratoria aguda (IRA) alta y baja en niños, perteneciente a la familia Paramyxoviridae, siendo el primer patógeno humano perteneciente al género Metapneumovirus y bautizándose como metapneumovirus humano (hMPV). Objetivo: Reportar la evolución clínica de 4 lactantes con IRA baja por hMPV que presentaron insuficiencia respiratoria aguda grave y revisar la literatura. Pacientes y Método: Se revisó retrospectivamente las fichas clínicas de los pacientes con diagnóstico de IRA por hMPV, hospitalizados en la Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos por insuficiencia respiratoria aguda entre noviembre de 2005 y septiembre de 2006. Una vez descartados los virus respiratorios habituales y Bordetella pertusis, se realizó búsqueda de hMPV mediante Transcripción reversa-Reacción en cadena de la polimerasa para la proteína de fusión (F) y búsqueda de adenovirus (ADV) por cultivo celular. Resultados: Todos presentaron síndrome bronquial obstructivo (SBO), tres requirieron conexión a ventilación mecánica invasiva, dos de ellos luego de presentar neumotórax espontáneo que necesitó drenaje pleural. En dos casos hubo coinfección con Adenovirus. Los cultivos bacterianos fueron negativos y no hubo fallecidos. Conclusión: En lactantes con SBO grave debe tenerse presente el hMPV como agente etiológico y la coinfección con ADV.

Infección sistémica por paecilomyces lilacinus en un paciente inmunodeprimido pediátrico / Paecilomyces lilacinus systemic infection in an immunocompromised chil: report of 1 case

The incidence of systemic fungal infections increased during the last two decades. Rare fungi, such as Mucor, Fusarium and Paecilomyces, are emerging as causes of systemic fungal infections in immunocompromised hosts. There are reports of cutaneous infections, endophthalmitis, keratitis, sinusitis, neumopathy and fungemia in immunocompromised and immunocompetent adult patients. We report a 5 years old neutropenic patient with acute myeloid leukemia treated with multiple courses of chemotherapy, with a fungemia caused by Paecilomyces lilacinus (PL). His initial clinical course was characterized by fever, skin lesions, respiratory distress and shock. Blood and bone marrow cultures were positive. The patient was treated with amphotericin B and itraconazole with a good clinical response