Physical activity habits associated with health variables in Chilean male school children / Hábitos de actividad física asociados a variables de salud en escolares chilenos varones

Introduction: Physical inactivity is a factor that con-tributes to increased cardiometabolic risk, such as overweightand obesity in schoolchildren.Aim: To associate physical activity habits with morphologi-cal variables (body mass index [BMI], waist circumference[WC], body fat, and fat-free mass), blood pressure, glycemia,handgrip strength (HGS), and countermovement jump (CMJ)in Chilean male schoolchildren. In addition, to compare phys-ically active (PA) schoolchildren to physically inactive (PI)schoolchildren on morphological variables, blood pressure,glycemia, HGS, and CMJ. Material and methods: A cross-sectional study analyzed160 schoolchildren with a mean age of 7.12 ± 4.5 years dis-tributed into PA schoolchildren (n=75) and PI schoolchildren(n=85). A logistic regression was performed to identify theassociation between physical activity habits with factors ofmorphological variables (BMI, WC, body fat, and fat-freemass), blood pressure, glycemia, HGS, and CMJ. In addition,to compare the differences in physical activity habits (physi-cally active vs. physically inactive), a student’s t-test was per-formed for independent samples. Results: Logistic regression showed that physical activityis protective factor against excess body fat of 46% (OR=0.46; 95%CI= 0.22 to 0.95; p= 0.03), hyperglycemia of 25%(OR= 0.25; 95%CI= 0.12 to 0.51; p< 0.0001), high bloodpressure of 31% (OR= 0.31; 95%CI= 0.15 to 0.67; p=0.002), and HGS dominant hand of 40% (OR= 0.40; 95%CI=0.19 to 0.83; p= 0.014). Conclusion: Physical activity protected against excessbody fat, hyperglycemia, hypertension, and decreased HGSin Chilean male schoolchildren. PA schoolchildren exhibitedlower body fat, reduced risk of hyperglycemia and hyper-tension, and improved HGS and CMJ compared to PI school-children.(AU)

Introducción: La inactividad física es un factor que contribuye al aumento del riesgo cardiometabólico, como el sobrepeso y la obesidad en escolares.Objetivo: Asociar los hábitos de actividad física con variables morfológicas (índice de masa corporal [IMC], circunferencia de cintura [CC], grasa corporal y masa libre de grasa), presión arterial, glucemia, fuerza de prensión manual (FPM) y salto con contramovimiento (CMJ) en escolares hombres chilenos. Además, comparar escolares físicamente activos (FA) con escolares físicamente inactivos (FI) en variables morfológicas, presión arterial, glucemia, FPM y CMJ.Material y métodos: Estudio transversal que analizó 160 escolares con una edad media de 7,12 ± 4,5 años distribuidos en escolares FA (n= 75) y escolares FI (n= 85). Se realizó una regresión logística para identificar la asociación entre los hábitos de actividad física con factores de las variables morfológicas (IMC, CC, grasa corporal y masa libre de grasa), presión arterial, glucemia, FPM y CMJ. Además, para comparar las diferencias en los hábitos de actividad física (físicamente activos vs. físicamente inactivos), se realizó la prueba t de Student para muestras independientes.Resultados: La regresión logística mostró que la actividad física es un factor protector contra el exceso de grasa corporal en un 46% (OR= 0,46; IC95%= 0,22 a 0,95; p= 0,03), hiperglucemia en un 25% (OR= 0,25; IC95%= 0,12 a 0,51; p< 0,0001), hipertensión arterial del 31% (OR= 0,31; IC95%= 0,15 a 0,67; p= 0,002), y FPM en mano dominante del 40% (OR= 0,40; IC95%= 0,19 a 0,83; p= 0,014).Conclusión: La actividad física protegió contra el exceso de grasa corporal, la hiperglucemia, la hipertensión arterial y la disminución de FPM en escolares hombres chilenos. Los escolares FA exhibieron menos grasa corporal, menor riesgo de hiperglucemia e hipertensión, y FPM, además de CMJ mejorados en comparación con los escolares FI.(AU)

Association between Physical Activity Habits with Cardiometabolic Variables, Body Composition, and Physical Performance in Chilean Older Women.

This study aimed to associate physical activity habits with cardiometabolic variables (blood pressure, fasting glucose, HDL cholesterol, and triglycerides), body composition (body fat percentage and fat-free mass), and physical performance (handgrip strength (HGS), timed up-and-go (TUG), and walking speed) in Chilean older women. An analytical cross-sectional study analyzed 179 older women with a mean age of 75.4 years distributed into physically inactive (PI) older women (n = 74) and physically active (PA) older women (n = 105). A logistic regression showed that PI older women presented an increased risk of hyperglycemia (OR = 4.70; p = 0.000), high blood pressure (OR = 3.83; p = 0.000), low HDL cholesterol levels (OR = 2.13; p = 0.03), hypertriglyceridemia (OR = 2.54; p = 0.01), excess body fat percentage (OR = 4.33; p = 0.000), low fat-free mass (OR = 2.22; p = 0.02), low HGS in their dominant hand (OR = 3.37; p = 0.001) and non-dominant hand (OR = 3.60; p = 0.0001), and poor performance in TUG (OR = 5.60; p = 0.000) and walking speed (OR = 5.52; p = 0.000). In conclusion, physical inactivity was associated with increased cardiometabolic risk, excess body fat percentage, lower fat-free mass, and poorer physical performance in Chilean older women. At the same time, PA older women showed a lower cardiometabolic risk, better body composition, and better physical performance than PI older women.