Coberturas vacunales de residentes en centros geriátricos / Vaccination coverage of residents in nursing homes

Objetivos: Describir las coberturas vacunales en residentes de tres centros geriátricos de Hospitalet de Llobregat, provincia de Barcelona, así como la presencia de criterios que indiquen la vacunación sistemática y no sistemática. Método: Estudio cuantitativo, descriptivo, transversal a 98 residentes de tres residencias de atención geriátrica en Hospitalet de Llobregat ingresados, al menos, 6 meses antes de la fecha de recogida de datos (agosto de 2016). Se analizan variables sociodemográficas y clínicas (fragilidad, vacunación sistemática y no sistemática, patologías y tratamiento) mediante análisis descriptivo univariante con medidas de distribución de frecuencias y asociación entre los resultados de las variables categóricas mediante el test de c2, utilizando programa SPSS v.22. Resultados: Población con una edad media de 85,4 (±7,2) años, 67,3% mujeres. Un 80,4% presenta criterios de fragilidad. Las patologías más prevalentes son: enfermedad cardiovascular, 52,6%; demencia, 42,2%, y diabetes mellitus, 25,5%. Vacunación sistemática en residentes: 93,8% correctamente vacunados de gripe, 83,7% de antineumocócica 23-valente y 61,2% de tétanos-difteria. El 44,9% presentaba vacunación incompleta; de estos, el 25,8% rechazaba voluntariamente alguna o todas las vacunas. Vacunación no sistemática: correctamente vacunados de antineumocócica 13-valente el 100% de los residentes con insuficiencia renal y el 11,11% de los residentes con neoplasias. Conclusiones: El perfil del residente es una mujer mayor de 85 años, frágil, bien vacunada de antineumocócica 23-valente y gripe y con baja cobertura de tétanos-difteria. Existe un alto porcentaje de vacunación incompleta; el rechazo a la vacunación es uno de los principales motivos. Las vacunas no sistemáticas más susceptibles de administración fueron: vacuna neumocócica 13-valente y hepatitis B. Se observa en las recomendaciones de autoridades y sociedades científicas falta de unanimidad en la indicación de vacunas no sistemáticas

Objectives: Describing the vaccination coverage in residents of three geriatric centers of Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, as well as the criteria that indicate systematic and non-systematic vaccination. Method: A quantitative, descriptive, cross-sectional study of 98 residents of three geriatric care residences in Hospitalet de Llobregat, who were admitted six months before the date of data collection at least (August 2016). Sociodemographic and clinical variables (fragility, systematic and non - systematic vaccination, pathologies and treatment) are analyzed, using univariate descriptive analysis with frequency distribution measures and association between the results of categorical variables using the c2 test using SPSS v.22. Results: Population with mean age of 85.4 (±7.2) years old, 67.3% women. The 80.41% presented fragility criteria. The most prevalent pathologies are cardiovascular disease (52.6%), dementia (42.2%) and diabetes mellitus (25.5%). Systematic vaccination in residents: 93.8% correctly vaccinated of influenza, 83.7% of pneumococcal 23-valent and 61.2% of tetanus-diphtheria. The 44.9% had incomplete vaccination and 25.8% of them voluntarily rejected some or all vaccines. Non-systematic vaccination: the 100% of residents with renal insufficiency and 11.11% of residents with neoplasias were correctly vaccinated with 13-valent pneumococcal. Conclusions: The resident profile is a woman older than 85 years old, fragile, well vaccinated with 23-valent pneumococcal and influenza and with low tetanus-diphtheria coverage. There is a high percentage of incomplete vaccination, with vaccination rejection being that one of the main reasons. The most susceptible non-systematic vaccines to be administrated were: 13-valent pneumococcal and HBV vaccines. The recommendations of scientific authorities and societies have a lack of unanimity in the indication of non-systematic vaccines

Experiencias en un grupo de apoyo para madres con hijos menores de un año / Experiences in a support group for mothers with children under a year

El proceso de la maternidad, según Mercer, implica que la madre nazca psicológicamente, dando lugar a una nueva identidad en constante crecimiento y desarrollo. El modelo de esta autora puede servir a la enfermera para valorar, planificar, ejecutar y evaluar el cuidado enfermero de las madres y sus bebés en sus intervenciones Este estudio cualitativo, de enfoque etnográfico, dirigido a grupos de madres con hijos menores de un año, utilizará la observación participante y el diario de campo para describir y relacionar los contenidos de las dinámicas grupales con el desarrollo del rol maternal. Se identifican 3 categorías y 50 códigos y se destaca que las enfermeras, como profesionales competentes en aspectos conceptuales y técnicos propios de su disciplina, utilizan los modelos de Mercer y Beck para acompañar a las madres coordinándose con otros profesionales(AU)

The process of motherhood, according to Mercer, implies the mother’s psychological birth, creating a new identity under constant growth and development. The model of this author can serve to the nurse to value, plan, implement and assess the nurse care of mothers and their babies in their interventions. This is a qualitative study, of an ethnographic approach, directed to groups of mothers with children under a year that would use the participant observation and the field diary to describe and relate the contents and the group dynamics with the development of the maternal role. Three categories and 50 codes are identified and it is enhanced that nurses, as competent professionals in conceptual and technical aspects of their discipline, use the Mercer’s and Beck’s models to accompany the mothers and coordinating with other professionals(AU)

Enfoque biopsicosocial en una intervención multidisciplinar: a propósito de un caso de maternidad de una pareja con discapacidad psíquica / Biopsychosocial approach in a multidisciplinary intervention: a report of a case of a newborn with mentally disabled parents

Presentación del caso de una recién nacida que acude a la consulta de enfermería pediátrica en Atención Primaria cuyos padres presentan discapacidad psíquica. Éstos están en seguimiento desde hace años por servicios sociales del distrito municipal de referencia, debido a dificultades y limitaciones en el desarrollo personal y socio-laboral. Se le añade que viven en condiciones insalubres por lo que, para abordar la problemática, se coordinarán de forma multidisciplinar los profesionales de diferentes ámbitos de intervención. Se realiza un plan de cuidados estandarizados basado en el modelo de las necesidades básicas de Virginia Henderson. Mediante la utilización de las taxonomías de la North American Nursing Diagnosis Association (NANDA), la Nursing Outcomes Classification (NOC) y la Nursing Interventions Classification (NIC) se detectaron los diagnósticos de «conocimientos deficientes» y «deterioro parental». Los objetivos de enfermería y trabajo social fueron: realizar una valoración, apoyo y seguimiento integral y biopsicosocial a la familia que permitiera el crecimiento y desarrollo de la menor en las mejores condiciones posibles; intervenir en la protección del menor e intentar mejorar la habitabilidad del domicilio. Al inicio, el seguimiento de la niña y su familia fue semanal y posteriormente mensual. La evaluación de cuidados refleja una mejora en: «conocimientos: cuidado del lactante»; «control del riesgo: consumo de drogas»; «cuidado de los hijos: seguridad psicosocial» y «ejecución del rol de padres». El trabajo conjunto y coordinado de los diferentes servicios implicados se enfocó hacia la consecución de los objetivos planteados permitiendo una atención biopsicosocial a la familia y al bebé (AU)

A case report is presented of a newborn who was seen by the paediatric nurse a Primary Care clinic, and whose parents had mental disabilities. They had been followed up for years by the social services in their area, due to difficulties and limitations in their personal, social and employment development. They were also living in unhealthy conditions, so in order to address the problem, a multidisciplinary team of professionals from different areas was formed. We prepared a standardised care plan based on the model of the basic needs of Virginia Henderson. Using taxonomies of the North American Nursing Diagnosis Association (NANDA), Nursing Outcomes Classification's (NOC) and Nursing Interventions Classification (NIC) "knowledge poor" and "parental impairment" diagnoses were made. The nursing and social work goals were to make an assessment, support and use comprehensive biopsychosocial family monitoring to enable the child to grow and develop in the best possible conditions, to monitor child protection and try to improve the living conditions of the home. The child and parents were initially monitored weekly and then monthly. The assessment showed an improvement in care: "background: infant care", "risk control: drug abuse" "child care: psychological security" and "execution of the role of parents". The joint and coordinated work of the various services involved was focused towards achieving the goals set, in order to give biopsychosocial care to the baby and family (AU)

Recovery and concentration of antioxidants from winery wastes.

Grape and wine byproducts have been extensively studied for the recovery of phenolic compounds with antioxidant activity and a variety of biological actions. The selective recovery and concentration of the phenolic compounds from the liquid phase separated from further diluted winery wastes has been proposed. Adsorption onto non ionic polymeric resins and further desorption with ethanolic solutions was studied. Several commercial food grade resins were screened with the aim of selecting the most suited for the practical recovery of phenolic compounds with radical scavenging activity. Under the optimized desorption conditions (using Sepabeads SP207 or Diaion HP20 as adsorbents and eluting with 96% ethanol at 50 °C) a powdered yellow-light brown product with 50% phenolic content, expressed as gallic acid equivalents, was obtained. The radical scavenging capacity of one gram of product was equivalent to 2-3 g of Trolox.

[Biopsychosocial approach in a multidisciplinary intervention: a report of a case of a newborn with mentally disabled parents]. / Enfoque biopsicosocial en una intervención multidisciplinar: a propósito de un caso de maternidad de una pareja con discapacidad psíquica.

A case report is presented of a newborn who was seen by the paediatric nurse a Primary Care clinic, and whose parents had mental disabilities. They had been followed up for years by the social services in their area, due to difficulties and limitations in their personal, social and employment development. They were also living in unhealthy conditions, so in order to address the problem, a multidisciplinary team of professionals from different areas was formed. We prepared a standardised care plan based on the model of the basic needs of Virginia Henderson. Using taxonomies of the North American Nursing Diagnosis Association (NANDA), Nursing Outcomes Classification's (NOC) and Nursing Interventions Classification (NIC) "knowledge poor" and "parental impairment" diagnoses were made. The nursing and social work goals were to make an assessment, support and use comprehensive biopsychosocial family monitoring to enable the child to grow and develop in the best possible conditions, to monitor child protection and try to improve the living conditions of the home. The child and parents were initially monitored weekly and then monthly. The assessment showed an improvement in care: "background: infant care," "risk control: drug abuse" "child care: psychological security" and "execution of the role of parents." The joint and coordinated work of the various services involved was focused towards achieving the goals set, in order to give biopsychosocial care to the baby and family.

[Transport and storage of privately purchased vaccines]. / Descripción del transporte y conservación de las vacunas de adquisición particular.

OBJECTIVE: Describe the transport and storage of privately purchased vaccines. METHOD: A descriptive cross-sectional observational study. We analysed all doses of pneumococcal conjugate vaccines, rotavirus and varicella acquired and administered between January-September 2009, in a Primary Care Health Centre (CAP) in an urban area. VARIABLES STUDIED: type of vaccine circuit used (circuit A: pharmacy-CAP, circuit B: pharmacy-home-CAP), time between purchase and administration, receipt of information, mode of transport and storage at home. Data collection by questionnaire. Statistical strategy: absolute and relative frequencies, Pearson Chi-square and Fisher exact statistics. RESULTS: Of a total sample of 148 doses, 115 (77.7%) were pneumococcal, 28 (18.9%), rotavirus and 5 (3.4%) varicella. Circuit A was used for 45.5% (67) of the doses administered and 54.7% (81) used circuit B. Circuit A vaccine took less than an hour between their acquisition and administration in 89.6% (60) of cases and those using Circuit B took longer than 7 days in 14.8% (12) cases. A total of 85.1% (111) of parents received information on transportation and storage of the vaccine. Refrigerated means of transport were not used for 85.1% (57) of Circuit A vaccines or for 93.8% (76) in B. The refrigerator door was used to store 59.3% (48) of the vaccines. CONCLUSIONS: The pneumococcal vaccine was the most given. Circuit B is more commonly used. Most parents received information about the transportation and storage of vaccines, although more than half were transported non-refrigerated and kept in the refrigerator door.