Taxonomic Delineation of the Old World Species Stomphastis thraustica (Lepidoptera: Gracillariidae) Feeding on Jatropha gossypiifolia (Euphorbiaceae) that Was Collected in the New World and Imported as a Biocontrol Agent to Australia.

We provide the identification and species delineation of this biocontrol agent as Stomphastis thraustica (Meyrick in Trans Ent Soc Lond 80(1):107-120, 1908) belonging to the family Gracillariidae. We clarify the distribution pattern of S. thraustica, its host plant preferences, and present taxonomic and molecular diagnoses based on original morphological and genetic data as well as data retrieved from historic literature and genetic databases. Following our own collecting efforts in three continents Africa, South America, and Australia as well as our study of historic museum collection material, we present many new distribution records of S. thraustica for countries and territories in the world including the new discovery of this species in the Neotropical region and we report its introduction in Australia as a biocontrol agent. Using mitogenomic and COI gene data, we clarified that the closest relative of S. thraustica is Stomphastis sp. that occurs in Madagascar and Australia and feeds on the same host plant as S. thraustica - Jatropha gossypiifolia L. (Euphorbiaceae). The molecular sequence divergence in the mitochondrial DNA barcode fragment between these two closely related species S. thraustica and Stomphastis sp. is over 5.7% supporting that they are different species.

CTCF Expression and Dynamic Motif Accessibility Modulates Epithelial-Mesenchymal Gene Expression.

Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and its reversal, mesenchymal-epithelial transition (MET) drive tissue reorganization critical for early development. In carcinomas, processing through EMT, MET, or partial states promotes migration, invasion, dormancy, and metastatic colonization. As a reversible process, EMT is inherently regulated at epigenetic and epigenomic levels. To understand the epigenomic nature of reversible EMT and its partial states, we characterized chromatin accessibility dynamics, transcriptomic output, protein expression, and cellular phenotypes during stepwise reversible EMT. We find that the chromatin insulating protein machinery, including CTCF, is suppressed and re-expressed, coincident with broad alterations in chromatin accessibility, during EMT/MET, and is lower in triple-negative breast cancer cell lines with EMT features. Through an analysis of chromatin accessibility using ATAC-seq, we identify that early phases of EMT are characterized by enrichment for AP-1 family member binding motifs, but also by a diminished enrichment for CTCF binding motifs. Through a loss-of-function analysis, we demonstrate that the suppression of CTCF alters cellular plasticity, strengthening the epithelial phenotype via the upregulation of epithelial markers E-cadherin/CDH1 and downregulation of N-cadherin/CDH2. Conversely, the upregulation of CTCF leads to the upregulation of EMT gene expression and an increase in mesenchymal traits. These findings are indicative of a role of CTCF in regulating epithelial-mesenchymal plasticity and gene expression.

El tratamiento invasivo del infarto agudo del miocardio en el Instituto de Cardiología y Cirugía Cardiovascular desde el año 2003 al 2005 / Invasive treatment of acute myocardial infarction at the Institute of Cardiology and Cardiovascular Surgery from 2003 to 2005

Con el objetivo de identificar la localización, la arteria responsable del infarto, los factores de riesgo cardiovascular y evaluar la eficacia de la angioplastia transluminal percutánea de emergencia. Se estudiaron 203 pacientes con diagnóstico de infarto agudo del miocardio, 155 masculinos (59.87±11 años) y 48 femeninos (60±11 años). La hipertensión arterial y el tabaquismo fueron los factores de riesgo cardiovascular más frecuentes. El proceder fue exitoso en el 92 por ciento y la mortalidad, 5por ciento. La cara anterior fue la localización más frecuente del infarto. La obstrucción de las arterias coronarias descendente anterior y derecha fueron las de mayor incidencia en el infarto. El 69.95por ciento de las angioplastias realizadas fueron primarias. Se implanto un stent directo en el 42.36por ciento. El flujo arterial TIMI 0, se redujo al 3.94por ciento después del proceder. Padecer de diabetes mellitus, un infarto previo, shock y presentar un flujo TIMI 0 después del procedimiento constituyeron predictores de mortalidad.

In order to identify the localization, the artery responsible for infarction, the cardiovascular risk factors and to evaluate the efficacy of emergency percutaneous transluminal angioplasty, 203 patients with diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction were studied: 155 males (59.87±11 years old) and 48 females (60±11 years old). Arterial hypertension and smoking were the most frequent cardiovascular risk factors. The procedure was successful in 92 percent and mortality was 5 percent. The anterior face was the most common localization of infarction. The obstructions of the anterior and right descending coronary arteries were those with the highest incidence on infarction. 69.95 percent of the angioplasties performed were primary. A direct stent was implanted in 42.36 percent. The TIMI 0 arterial flow was reduced to 3.94 percent after the procedure. Suffering from diabetes mellitus, a previous infarction, shock and presenting a TIMI 0 flow after the procedure were predictors of mortality.

Marcadores de estres oxidativo en pacientes hipertensos de una poblacion rural en provincia Habana / Oxidative stress markers in hypertensive patients from a rural population in Havana province

El metabolismo celular genera especies reactivas deletéreas que están implicadas en la biología vascular. Dada la posible participación de estas especies en la hipertensión arterial, nos propusimos estudiar algunos marcadores lipídicos y del metabolismo oxidativo en hipertensos de un año de evolución procedentes de una zona rural del municipio de Artemisa. Provincia Habana. La concentración de triglicéridos resultó superior en las mujeres hipertensas en comparación con las normotensas. La HDLc fue más baja en los hipertensos y no se observaron diferencias en los productos de la peroxidación lipídica, ni para la actividad de las enzimas antioxidantes superóxido dismutasa y catalasa. En correspondencia con el índice de masa corporal los pacientes hipertensos tenían sobrepeso. Los resultados presentados no sustentan el papel del estrés oxidativo en el desarrollo de la hipertensión arterial, al menos, en el grupo poblacional estudiado.

The cellular metabolism generates reactive deleterious species that are involved in vascular biology. Due to the possible participation of these species in arterial hypertension, we proposed ourselves to study some lipid markers and oxidative metabolism markers in hypertensives with one year of evolution from a rural zone of Artemisa municipality, Havana Province . The triglyceride concentration proved to be higher in hypertensive females compared with the normotensive. HDLc was lower among hypertensives and no differences were observed neither in the products of lipid peroxidation nor in the activity of the antioxidant enzymes such as superoxide dismutase and catalase. In correspondence with the body mass index, the hypertensive patients were overweight. The results showed did not support the role of oxidative stress in the development of arterial hypertension, at least in the population group under study.

El tratamiento invasivo del infarto agudo del miocardio en el Instituto de Cardiología y Cirugía Cardiovascular desde el año 2003 al 2005 / Invasive treatment of acute myocardial infarction at the Institute of Cardiology and Cardiovascular Surgery from 2003 to 2005

Con el objetivo de identificar la localización, la arteria responsable del infarto, los factores de riesgo cardiovascular y evaluar la eficacia de la angioplastia transluminal percutánea de emergencia. Se estudiaron 203 pacientes con diagnóstico de infarto agudo del miocardio, 155 masculinos (59.87±11 años) y 48 femeninos (60±11 años). La hipertensión arterial y el tabaquismo fueron los factores de riesgo cardiovascular más frecuentes. El proceder fue exitoso en el 92 por ciento y la mortalidad, 5por ciento. La cara anterior fue la localización más frecuente del infarto. La obstrucción de las arterias coronarias descendente anterior y derecha fueron las de mayor incidencia en el infarto. El 69.95por ciento de las angioplastias realizadas fueron primarias. Se implanto un stent directo en el 42.36por ciento. El flujo arterial TIMI 0, se redujo al 3.94por ciento después del proceder. Padecer de diabetes mellitus, un infarto previo, shock y presentar un flujo TIMI 0 después del procedimiento constituyeron predictores de mortalidad(AU)

In order to identify the localization, the artery responsible for infarction, the cardiovascular risk factors and to evaluate the efficacy of emergency percutaneous transluminal angioplasty, 203 patients with diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction were studied: 155 males (59.87±11 years old) and 48 females (60±11 years old). Arterial hypertension and smoking were the most frequent cardiovascular risk factors. The procedure was successful in 92 percent and mortality was 5 percent. The anterior face was the most common localization of infarction. The obstructions of the anterior and right descending coronary arteries were those with the highest incidence on infarction. 69.95 percent of the angioplasties performed were primary. A direct stent was implanted in 42.36 percent. The TIMI 0 arterial flow was reduced to 3.94 percent after the procedure. Suffering from diabetes mellitus, a previous infarction, shock and presenting a TIMI 0 flow after the procedure were predictors of mortality(AU)

Marcadores de estres oxidativo en pacientes hipertensos de una poblacion rural en provincia Habana / Oxidative stress markers in hypertensive patients from a rural population in Havana province

El metabolismo celular genera especies reactivas deletéreas que están implicadas en la biología vascular. Dada la posible participación de estas especies en la hipertensión arterial, nos propusimos estudiar algunos marcadores lipídicos y del metabolismo oxidativo en hipertensos de un año de evolución procedentes de una zona rural del municipio de Artemisa. Provincia Habana. La concentración de triglicéridos resultó superior en las mujeres hipertensas en comparación con las normotensas. La HDLc fue más baja en los hipertensos y no se observaron diferencias en los productos de la peroxidación lipídica, ni para la actividad de las enzimas antioxidantes superóxido dismutasa y catalasa. En correspondencia con el índice de masa corporal los pacientes hipertensos tenían sobrepeso. Los resultados presentados no sustentan el papel del estrés oxidativo en el desarrollo de la hipertensión arterial, al menos, en el grupo poblacional estudiado(AU)

The cellular metabolism generates reactive deleterious species that are involved in vascular biology. Due to the possible participation of these species in arterial hypertension, we proposed ourselves to study some lipid markers and oxidative metabolism markers in hypertensives with one year of evolution from a rural zone of Artemisa municipality, Havana Province . The triglyceride concentration proved to be higher in hypertensive females compared with the normotensive. HDLc was lower among hypertensives and no differences were observed neither in the products of lipid peroxidation nor in the activity of the antioxidant enzymes such as superoxide dismutase and catalase. In correspondence with the body mass index, the hypertensive patients were overweight. The results showed did not support the role of oxidative stress in the development of arterial hypertension, at least in the population group under study(AU)