Biochemical studies of the renal radiopharmaceutical compound dimercaptosuccinate. IV. Interaction of 99mTc-DMS and 99Tc-DMS complexes with blood serum proteins.

As a crucial step towards understanding the mechanism of localisation of radiopharmaceuticals in specific target organs, the interaction of the radiopharmaceuticals 99mTc-DMS and 99Tc-DMS with blood serum proteins was studied. The interaction of 99mTc-DMS radiopharmaceutical was examined from two aspects: total protein binding as well as specificity of binding to certain classes of proteins. After in vitro labelling of human sera with 99mTc-DMS, the following values of bound radioactivity to total serum proteins were determined: 65% +/- 3.2% by gel-filtration chromatography; 72% +/- 4.6% by dialysis; while on the basis of precipitation by perchloric and trichloroacetic acid 72.7% +/- 6.8% and 71% +/- 2.3%, respectively. Distribution of 99mTc-DMS or 99Tc-DMS among serum proteins was analysed by agarose gel electrophoresis of the sera at pH 8.6 after in vivo and in vitro labelling of human sera with 99m-Tc-DMS, while the same analysis was performed with 99Tc-DMS complex after in vitro labelling of human and rat sera as well as after in vivo application to the rats. The results obtained demonstrate that carrier serum proteins investigated by agarose gel electrophoresis were in the migration zone of alpha 2-, alpha 1- and beta 1-globulins, whereas the radioactivity found in the serum albumin zone was negligible. Interaction of both Tc-DMS complexes with proteins was very similar, and this conclusion was in good correlation with our previously obtained results in investigations concerning the biochemical behaviour of these complexes.

Studies of chemical and biological properties of 99mTc-DMS (dimercaptosuccinic acid)--renal imaging agent.

Studies of the chemistry of preparation of tin chelate 2.3-dimercaptosuccinic acid (DMS) complexed with 99mTc with respect to its biological properties have been made. We have varied molar ratio of reactants (DMS:Sn/II/), concentration of Sn-DMS chelate and pH of 99mTc-DMS injection solution and examined their influence on biodistribution. Biodynamics of labeled solution at time intervals of from 0.5 to 4 h have also been measured. Animal experiments were carried out on mice and rats. Radiochemical purity was checked by paper chromatography, thin-layer chromatography, and gel-filtration through Bio-Gel P-2. A sterile, pyrogen-free lyophilized "kit" for labeling, stable for 6 months, was made on the basis of achieved results. The results of its clinical application are also reported.