Impact of foot functionality in patients with systemic sclerosis: Cross-sectional study.

BACKGROUND: Progressive systemic sclerosis or systemic scleroderma (SS) is a chronic and rare autoimmune disease that mainly affects the skin and various internal organs. Raynaud's phenomenon and digital ulcers are some of the symptoms that affect the foot, causing a decrease in the quality of life of patients. The objective of this study is to determine the functionality of the feet in patients with SS and determine the impact on their daily lives. METHODS: A sample of 165 patients (154 women, 11 men) diagnosed with SS with a mean age of 46.29 ± 11.36 years and a mean body mass index (BMI) of 24.90 ± 5.77 was recruited. Each participant completed the Foot Function Index (FFI) questionnaire and the Systemic Sclerosis Questionnaire (SySQ). A multivariate analysis was performed to determine which factors were related to a higher score in both questionnaires. RESULTS: 32.1% of the participants (n = 53) had claw toe deformities, 79.4% (n = 131) Raynaud's disease and 20% (n = 33) a history of foot ulcers. 51.5% of the participants (n = 85) presented symptoms in their nails, the most frequent sign being thickening, hardening and yellow coloration. The final score of the FFI questionnaire was 3.51 ± 2.41 (0-9.9), the pain subscale being the highest, with a score of 5.06 ± 2.75, followed by foot disability (3.26 ± 2.91) and difficulty performing activities (1.55 ± 2.22). The final score of the SySQ questionnaire was 0.95 ± 0.45 (0.18-2.45), and the subscales with the highest score were symptom frequency (1.30 ± 0.47), symptom intensity (1.11 ± 0.55), and general skill limitation (0.47 ± 0.51). A high correlation was observed between the final FFI score and the final SySQ score (r = 0.712; p=<0.001). Also, between foot activity limitation and general skill limitation (r = 0.658; p=<0.001). A moderate correlation was observed between foot pain score and overall symptom intensity (r = 0.482; p=<0.001). Also, between foot disability and overall symptom frequency (r = 0.556; p=<0.001). The multivariate analysis (R2 0.51) showed that the final FFI score had a significant relationship with the final SySQ score (p < 0.001). No significant correlation was found between age (p = 0.15), gender (p = 0.49), BMI (p = 0.74) or time of diagnosis (p = 0.57) and FFI. CONCLUSION: SS is a disease that affects foot functionality in patients, with a greater impact on the pain scale. There is a correlation between the final FFI score and the final SySQ score, so improving foot functionality could help to improve the overall functionality of the patient with sclerosis.

Impact of fibromyalgia and related factors on foot function and quality of life: Cross-sectional study.

BACKGROUND: The aim of study is to examine the factors that may influence pain, disability and the limitation of activity due to the presence of fibromyalgia in the foot. METHODS: 323 patients diagnosed with fibromyalgia were recruited. Each participant completed the Foot Function Index questionnaire (FFI) and the Revised Fibromyalgia Impact Questionnaire (FIQR). A multivariate analysis was performed to determine the factors associated with high scores in each of these questionnaires. RESULTS: In both questionnaires, the subscales presenting the highest scores were foot pain (FFI score: 71.18 ± 20.40) and symptom intensity (FIQR score: 36.23 ± 8.04). According to the multivariate analysis, foot function is influenced by age (p = <0.001), BMI (p = 0.001), lack of physical activity (p = <0.001), the presence of rheumatoid arthritis (p = 0.012), retirement due to disability (p = <0.001) and being unemployed (p < 0.001). CONCLUSION: Fibromyalgia affects foot function, provoking significant pain. Related factors include age, BMI, lack of physical activity, the presence of rheumatoid arthritis, and employment status.

[Prevalence of peripheral arterial disease and associated factors in elderly patients using an automated oscillometric device]. / Prevalencia de enfermedad arterial periférica y factores asociados en pacientes mayores de 65 años mediante dispositivo automático oscilométrico.

The objective is to determine the presence of peripheral arterial disease (PAD) and the factors associated in elderly patients, analyzing variables such as sex, age, smoking, diabetes, hypertension, dyslipidemia, and cardiovascular problems. The investigation was conducted in 257 patients by assessing their ankle-brachial index (ABI). To do this, WatchBP Office, a specific automatic blood pressure measurement device for assessing ABI, was used. A greater presence of arterial occlusion (ABI < 0.90) was observed in males, and a greater predominance of calcification (ABI > 1.3) occurred in females. Also standing out was the significant relationship between the presence of arterial occlusion an the advanced age of the patient (p = 0.00), diabetes (p = 0.04), hypertension (p = 0.02), heart problems (p = 0.004), and smoking (p = 0.01). No significant relationship was found between the presence of occlusion and dyslipidemia (p = 0.92). In multivariate analysis, age (OR = 1.082; p = 0.02), cardiovascular problems (OR = 2.76; p = 0.03) and systolic blood pressure (OR = 1.03; p = 0.04) showed an association with the occlusion.

Prevalencia de enfermedad arterial periférica y factores asociados en pacientes mayores de 65 años mediante dispositivo automático oscilométrico / Prevalence of peripheral arterial disease and associated factors in elderly patients using an automated oscillometric device

El objetivo del trabajo es determinar la presencia de enfermedad arterial periférica (EAP) y los factores a los que se asocia en pacientes mayores de 65 años, analizando distintas variables como el sexo, la edad, el tabaquismo, la diabetes, la hipertensión, la dislipemia y la historia de problemas cardiovasculares. La investigación se realizó en 257 pacientes, mediante la valoración del índice tobillo-brazo (ITB). Para ello se utilizó el WatchBP® Office, un tensiómetro automático específico para valoración del ITB, capaz de determinar el índice tobillo-brazo y la diferencia de presión entre ambos brazos de forma simultánea y automática, lo que minimiza el sesgo de medición. Como resultados importantes, hemos observado mayor presencia de oclusión arterial (ITB < 0.90) en el sexo masculino, y un mayor predomino de calcificación (ITB > 1.3) en el sexo femenino. Debe destacarse que existe una relación significativa entre la presencia de oclusión arterial y la mayor edad del paciente (p = 0.00), la diabetes (p = 0.04), la hipertensión (p = 0.02), problemas cardiacos (p = 0.004) y el hábito tabáquico (p = 0.01). No se encontró una relación significativa entre la presencia de oclusión y dislipemia (p = 0.92). En el análisis multivariante, la edad (OR = 1.082; p = 0.02), los antecedentes de problemas cardiacos (OR = 2.76; p = 0.03) y la presión arterial sistólica (OR = 1.03; p = 0.04) mostraron asociación con la oclusión (AU)

The objective is to determine the presence of peripheral arterial disease (PAD) and the factors associated in elderly patients, analyzing variables such as sex, age, smoking, diabetes, hypertension, dyslipidemia, and cardiovascular problems. The investigation was conducted in 257 patients by assessing their ankle-brachial index (ABI). To do this, WatchBP® Office, a specific automatic blood pressure measurement device for assessing ABI, was used. A greater presence of arterial occlusion (ABI < 0.90) was observed in males, and a greater predominance of calcification (ABI > 1.3) occurred in females. Also standing out was the significant relationship between the presence of arterial occlusion and the advanced age of the patient (p = 0.00), diabetes (p = 0.04), hypertension (p = 0.02), heart problems (p = 0.004), and smoking (p = 0.01). No significant relationship was found between the presence of occlusion and dyslipidemia (p = 0.92). In multivariate analysis, age (OR = 1.082; p = 0.02), cardiovascular problems (OR = 2.76; p = 0.03) and systolic blood pressure (OR = 1.03; p = 0.04) showed an association with the occlusion (AU)