RESUMO
Stimulus overselectivity refers to maladaptive narrow attending that is a common learning problem among children with intellectual disabilities and frequently associated with autism. The present study contrasted overselectivity among groups of children with autism, Down syndrome, and typical development. The groups with autism and Down syndrome were matched for intellectual level, and all three groups were matched for developmental levels on tests of nonverbal reasoning and receptive vocabulary. Delayed matching-to-sample tests presented color/form compounds, printed words, photographs of faces, Mayer-Johnson Picture Communication Symbols, and unfamiliar black forms. No significant differences among groups emerged for test accuracy scores. Overselectivity was not statistically overrepresented among individuals with autism in contrast to those with Down syndrome or typically developing children.
Assuntos
Atenção/fisiologia , Transtorno Autístico/fisiopatologia , Desenvolvimento Infantil/fisiologia , Síndrome de Down/fisiopatologia , Reconhecimento Visual de Modelos/fisiologia , Adolescente , Adulto , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Desempenho Psicomotor , Adulto JovemRESUMO
This article discusses the successful implementation of anticipatory prescribing using 'just in case' boxes (JICB) in primary care across the Grampian region and a subsequent follow up survey one year later. The implementation approach used local educational sessions to primary care clinicians. The survey was distributed to 65 primary care bases to gauge awareness and use of the JICB and thoughts about how the box was used. An estimate of prescription costs was undertaken using stock balance forms. The response rate was 89%. All respondents had heard about the JICB and most had used a JICB. There were 37 positive comments about the benefits to patients, 15 comments about the process and 11 negative comments, often about possible drug wastage. The cost of a prescription was estimated at pounds 22.12. The findings have informed our ongoing educational programme and build on the strong links that exist between primary care and the specialist palliative care service.
Assuntos
Tratamento Farmacológico/métodos , Avaliação de Resultados em Cuidados de Saúde , Cuidados Paliativos , Planejamento de Assistência ao Paciente , Assistência Terminal , Atitude do Pessoal de Saúde , Enfermagem em Saúde Comunitária , Análise Custo-Benefício , Custos de Medicamentos , Prescrições de Medicamentos/economia , Prescrições de Medicamentos/enfermagem , Tratamento Farmacológico/economia , Implementação de Plano de Saúde , Humanos , Cuidados Paliativos/economia , Planejamento de Assistência ao Paciente/economia , Projetos Piloto , Atenção Primária à Saúde , Escócia , Assistência Terminal/economiaRESUMO
How a registered nurse and unlicensed assistive personnel partner together has implications for care delivery and, ultimately, patient outcomes. The authors summarize findings from a study that examined the characteristics of registered nurse and unlicensed assistive personnel working relationships and the care delivery practices that influence those relationships. Strategies are recommended for deploying registered nurses and unlicensed assistive personnel to promote collaboration and to improve patient care delivery.