RESUMO
During the last century, there were no significant changes in the teaching methods of anatomy in universities, predominating expositive lectures, and anatomy laboratory activities. With the advent of new technologies, simulators, augmented reality, and virtual reality, new teaching possibilities have emerged that may provide assistance and, in some situations, replace traditional methods of teaching. In this narrative scope review we evaluate articles that compare traditional methods with virtual reality or augmented reality through a search on Cochrane library, MEDLINE, EMBASE, and LILACS databases, using the MeSH terms "Anatomy", "Virtual Reality", "Augmented Reality", "Video Games", "Education Medical, Undergraduate", "Teaching" and "Simulation Training". We concluded that virtual reality and augmented reality have a promising value for teaching anatomy in addition to a positive economic impact on universities.