[Effect of hydrocortisone on gamma-glutamyl transferase activity of the rat liver and hepatoma]. / Vliianie gidrokortizona na aktivnost' gamma-glutamiltransferazy pecheni i gepatomy krys.

The activity of membrane-bound enzyme gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT) is twice increased in the liver of normal and tumour-bearing rats after hydrocortisone intramuscular injections (10 mg/kg body weight). At the same time GGT activity is not increased in serum and hepatoma G-27. The glutathione-reductase activity and contents of G-SH and G-S-S-G in the rat liver and hepatoma are not altered by Hydrocortisone action at the different means of hormone administration. Effect of hydrocortisone is studied also on the GGT activity in the liver of newborn rats. The stimulation of GGT activity by hydrocortisone is probably due to an induction of protein synthesis.

[Effect of gentamycin on the kidney functional state in experimental pyelonephritis]. / Vliianie gentamitsina na funktsional'noe sostoianie pochek pri éksperimental'nom pielonefrite.

The experiments with rats treated with gentamicin showed that nitrogen excretion function of the kidneys did not significantly change in the animals 3 months after induction of pyelonephritis, while in the animals not treated with the antibiotic there was a significant increase in excretion of alkaline phosphatase with urine. The nitrogen excretion function of the kidneys was not affected by gentamicin, except an increase in the urea blood level. Gentamicin promoted a significant rise in excretion of enzymes with urine, especially that of alkaline phosphatase. Treatment of healthy animals with gentamicin resulted in the increased excretion of alkaline phosphatase with urine and increased urea blood levels which was evident of the nephrotoxic effect of the aminoglycoside antibiotic. When such animals were treated with furosemide, the renal excretion of the enzyme and the blood creatinine urea levels decreased. Therefore, furosemide lowered nephropathy induced by gentamicin. The increase in the activity of the urine enzymes may be due to inflammatory changes in the kidney parenchymal on the one hand and the pephrotoxic effect of the drugs on the other hand. The urine enzymes may be used as important diagnostic tests in cases with kidney affections and indicators of safe treatment with nephrotoxic antibiotics.