[Effects of Agasicles hygrophila herbivory on the clonal integration of Alternanthera philoxeroides and A. sessilis]. / èŽ²è‰ç›´èƒ¸è·³ç”²å–é£Ÿå¯¹ç©ºå¿ƒèŽ²å­è‰å’ŒèŽ²å­è‰å ‹éš†æ•´åˆçš„å½±å“.

Many alien invasive plants were clonal species. Examining the relationship between clonal integration characteristics and invasiveness of alien clonal plants is important for clarifying their ecological adaptability and invasion mechanisms. Here, with the invasive plant species Alternanthera philoxeroides and its native congener A. sessilis as the studying objects, we compared the effects of clonal integration on the growth and the biomass allocation of the apical ramets, basal ramets, and the whole fragment of both species under herbivory by the biocontrol beetle Agasicles hygrophila. The results showed that under herbivory by A. hygrophila, leaf number, stolon length, and ramet number of the apical ramets as well as the ground diameter of the whole fragment of A. philoxeroides were significantly higher under clonal integration treatment compared to that without clonal integration, whereas belowground biomass and total biomass of the basal ramets and the whole fragment of A. philoxeroides were conversely decreased by 78.2%, 60.9 % and 48.7%, 37.2%, respectively, under clonal integration treatment compared to that without clonal integration. Ground diameter of the apical ramets and leaf number of the whole fragment of A. sessilis were significantly higher, but the number of basal ramets was 21.7% lower under clonal integration treatment compared to that without clonal integration. The biomass of the apical ramets, basal ramets, and whole fragment of A. sessilis did not significantly differ between clonal integration and without clonal integration treatments. The results of cost-benefit analysis showed that the ramet number and biomass of the apical ramets of A. philoxeroides as well as the ramet number of the apical ramets of A. sessilis were significantly benefited from clonal integration, but the cost-benefit of the ramet number and biomass of the basal ramets of both species were not affected by clonal integration treatment. These results suggested that clonal integration could partly alleviate herbivory pressure by A. hygrophila on the apical ramets of both species, and that the clonal integration ability of A. philoxeroides was stronger than A. sessilis. However, both species seemed not able to gain significant benefits from cloning integration at the whole fragment level.

Garcinia Biflavonoid 1 Improves Lipid Metabolism in HepG2 Cells via Regulating PPARα.

Garcinia biflavonoid 1 (GB1) is one of the active chemical components of Garcinia kola and is reported to be capable of reducing the intracellular lipid deposition, which is the most significant characteristic of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. However, its bioactive mechanism remains elusive. In the current study, the lipid deposition was induced in HepG2 cells by exposure to oleic acid and palmitic acid (OA&PA), then the effect of GB1 on lipid metabolism and oxidative stress and the role of regulating PPARα in these cells was investigated. We found that GB1 could ameliorate the lipid deposition by reducing triglycerides (TGs) and upregulate the expression of PPARα and SIRT6, suppressing the cell apoptosis by reducing the oxidative stress and the inflammatory factors of ROS, IL10, and TNFα. The mechanism study showed that GB1 had bioactivity in a PPARα-dependent manner based on its failing to improve the lipid deposition and oxidative stress in PPARα-deficient cells. The result revealed that GB1 had significant bioactivity on improving the lipid metabolism, and its potential primary action mechanism suggested that GB1 could be a potential candidate for management of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease.

Literature analysis of hot topics on occupational noise-induced hearing loss / 中华劳动卫生职业病杂志

Objective: To analyze the literature of related research reports on occupational hearing loss (ONIHL) , study the characteristics of the subject and determine the research hotspots. Methods: In December 2020, PubMed database was searched by bibliometrics for ONIHL published in PubMed database from January 1971 to December 2020. Bicomb 2.03 software was used to extract the subject. The publication year, publication country, source magazine and subject words were summarized and analyzed. Results: A total of 1 473 papers were included in this study, and the number of papers was 66 from 1971 to 1980, and 628 from 2011 to 2020, an increase of nearly 10 times. The top three countries were the United States, China and Germany, with 31.5% (464/1473) , 11.5% (171/1473) and 6.2% (91/1473) ; The cross-sectional study was the most applied type; The top five words for 2011-2020: Mental Illness, polymorphism, cardiovascular disease, high frequency hearing impairment and standards and regulations. Conclusion: Susceptibility Genes, Psychological Disorders, Cardiovascular Diseases and Risk Assessment are hot areas in ONIHL at present. Researchers should focus on major fields and grasp future trends as a whole.

[Effects of above- and below-ground herbivore interactions on interspecific relationship between the invasive plant Alternanthera philoxeroides and its native congener Alternanthera sessilis]. / 地上-åœ°ä¸‹æ¤é£Ÿæ€§å¤©æ•Œå¯¹å ¥ä¾µæ¤ç‰©ç©ºå¿ƒèŽ²å­è‰ä¸Žæœ¬åœ°ç§èŽ²å­è‰ç§é—´å ³ç³»çš„å½±å“.

Biological invasion is a major threat to global biodiversity. The relative interspecific competition abilities of invasive species compared to those native species determine their invasion success. In this study, we examined the effects of the specialist leaf beetle Agasicles hygrophila and the nematode Meloidogyne incognita on the growth and interspecific relationship between the invasive plant Alternanthera philoxeroides and its native congener A. sessilis. Compared without herbivory, nematode herbivory alone significantly reduced shoot height of A. sessilis by 28.1%, but conversely significantly increased the shoot height of A. philoxeroides by 52.8% and aboveground biomass of A. sessilis by 63.7%. Beetle herbivory alone significantly reduced shoot height of A. sessilis by 40.7%, but did not affect that of A. philoxeroides. The combination of beetle and nematode herbivory significantly reduced shoot height of A. sessilis by 35.3% as well as the belowground biomass of A. philoxeroides by 62.2%, but significantly increased the aboveground biomass of A. sessilis by 69.1%. Herbivore stress did not affect stem diameter, branch number, and root length of both species. The relative neighbor effect index (RNE) of the two species without herbivory were positive, and the RNE value of A. philoxeroides was 21.3% higher than that of A. sessilis. However, the RNE values of A. philoxeroides were negative under all above- and below-ground herbivory treatments. The RNE values of A. sessilis were positive under the beetle or the nematode herbivory alone and negative under the beetle + nematode herbivory combination. These results indicated that above- and below-ground herbivore interactions could change the interspecific relationship between the two species, and in turn might accelerate the invasion of A. philoxeroides.

Effects of parafibromin expression on the phenotypes and relevant mechanisms in the DLD-1 colon carcinoma cell line.

BACKGROUND: Parafibromin is a protein encoded by the HRPT2 (hyperparathyroidism 2) oncosuppressor gene and its down-regulated expression is involved in pathogenesis of parathyroid, breast, gastric and colorectal carcinomas. This study aimed to clarify the effects of parafibromin expression on the phenotypes and relevant mechanisms of DLD-1 colon carcinoma cells. METHODS: DLD-1 cells transfected with a parafibromin-expressing plasmid were subjected to examination of phenotype, including proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis, migration and invasion. Phenotype-related proteins were measured by Western blot. Parafibromin and ki-67 expression was detected by immunohistochemistry on tissue microarrays. RESULTS: The transfectants showed higher proliferation by CCK-8, better differentiation by electron microscopy and ALP activity and more apoptotic resistance to cisplatin by DNA fragmentation than controls. There was no difference in early apoptosis by annexin V, capase-3 activity, migration and invasion between DLD-1 cells and their transfectants. Ectopic parafibromin expression resulted in down-regulated expression of smad4, MEKK, GRP94, GRP78, GSK3ß-ser9, and Caspase-9. However, no difference was detectable in caspase-12 and -8 expression. A positive relationship was noted between parafibromin and ki-67 expression in colorectal carcinoma. CONCLUSIONS: Parafibromin overexpression could promote cell proliferation, apoptotic resistance, and differentiation of DLD-1 cells.

[Effects of ginsenoside Re on glucose absorption in Caco-2 cells].

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the infection of ginsenoside Re on the absorption of glucose in Caco-2 cells. METHODS: The Ca-co-2 cells were incubated with phloretin and ginsenoside Re. LC-MS/MS was used to detect the absorption of glucose in cells through the stable isotope tracer technique, and to detect the GLUT2 protein and mRNA expression level. RESULTS: Phloretin could inhibit the absorption of glucose significantly. 50 micromol/L ginsenoside Re could improve the glucose absorption inhibited by phloretin,and increase the GLUT2 protein and mRNA expression level. CONCLUSION: Ginsenoside Re can promote the absorption of glucose in Caco-2 cells and reverse the inhibition of phloretin, the mechanism of improving glucose absorption was maybe through regulating GLUT2.

[Effect of sijunzi decoction on the intestinal glucose absorption in model rats of Pi-qi deficiency syndrome: an experimental research].

OBJECTIVE: To observe the effect of Sijunzi Decoction (SD) on the intestinal absorption of glucose in model rats of Pi-qi deficiency syndrome (PQDS). METHODS: PQDS rat model was established by subcutaneous injection of reserpine from the neck. The body weight and urine D-xylose excretion rates were measured. The glucose uptake rate was measured by jejunum perfusion. The intestinal mucosa was collected. The glucose transporter-2 (GLUT2) protein and mRNA expression levels were detected. RESULTS: Compared with the normal control group, the body weight and D-xylose excretion rates decreased in the model group. Meanwhile, the glucose uptake and GLUT2 protein and mRNA expression levels decreased in the model group. The aforesaid indices were improved in the SD group. CONCLUSION: SD could promote the recovery of glucose uptake in the small intestine of reserpine induced PQDS rats.

[Effects of Sijunzi Decoction on urine's xylose excretion rate and ATP in mucosa of spleen deficiency rats].

OBJECTIVE: To observe the effects of Sijunzi Decoction on D-xylose excretion rate and ATP content in the mucosa membranes of small intestines of rats with spleen deficiency. METHODS: Spleen deficiency model rats were made by reserpine injection. D-xylose excretion rate was measured with p-bromoaniline method, and the ATP content of small intestines mucosa was detected with bioluminescence method. The correlation between D-xylose excretion rate and ATP content of mucosa was also analyzed. RESULTS: Rats' body weight and D-xylose excretion rate decreased after reserpine injection (P < 0.01, vs control group), but increased after treated with Sijunzi Decoction (P < 0.05, vs model group). The ATP content of mucosa showed no significant difference between model group and control group. There was obviously positive correlation between the change of urine's D-xylose excretion rate and mucosa ATP content. CONCLUSION: Sijunzi Decoction has the activity of improving xylose absorption in spleen deficiency rats, but no obvious effect on their mucosa ATP content. The reducing of urine's D-xylose excretion rate in spleen deficiency rats is accompanied with the decrease of mucosa ATP content.

Bioinformatics research on chronic superficial gastritis of Pi-deficiency syndrome by gene arrays.

OBJECTIVE: To determine the bioinformatical characteristics of differential gene expression in patients with chronic superficial gastritis (CSG) with the Pi-deficiency syndrome (PDS) and those of the non-Pi-deficiency syndrome (non-PDS), i.e. patients of CSG with Pi-Wei dampnese-heat syndrome and healthy persons. METHODS: With the BRB-Array Tools software package, original data collection and bioinformatic: analysis of gene arrays were conducted in 6 CSG patients of PDS (CSG-PDS), 6 CSG patients of non-PDS (CSG-nPDS), and 6 healthy volunteers (Normal). RESULTS: Compared with non-PDS, the gene expressions: in PDS with regards to protein synthesis, energy metabolism, immune reaction and ionic transport tended to be down-regulated, while those concerning secretion, cytoskeleton and ubiquitinization were up-regulated dominantly. CONCLUSIONS: The two kinds of samples, CSG-PDS/Normal and CSG-PDS/CSG-nPDS, have their respective gene expression profiles with different characteristics. Gene expression profile has certain referential significance in syndrome classification.

4,5-Bis(furoylsulfanyl)-1,3-dithiole-2-thione.

The title compound, C13H6O4S5, possesses crystallographically imposed mirror symmetry, with the atoms of the C=S group lying on the mirror plane. It is an example of the general formula [RCO]2(dmit), where R is a furan ring and dmit is 2-thioxo-1,3-dithiole-4,5-dithiolate. The components exhibit some polarization of their molecular-electronic structure. The dmit and furan moieties exhibit a high degree of conjugation, as the introduction of C=O connecting the conjugated furan (donor) and dmit (acceptor) rings forms a good conjugated system with high delocalization. A polar three-dimensional framework is built from a combination of intermolecular contacts, namely SS interactions and C-HO hydrogen bonding. The structural characteristics lead to good second-order non-linear optical properties.