Circulating HDAC4 reflects lipid profile, coronary stenosis and inflammation in coronary heart disease patients.

Aim: To investigate the clinical value of HDAC4 in coronary heart disease (CHD) patients. Methods: The serum HDAC4 levels were determined by ELISA in 180 CHD patients and 50 healthy controls. Results: HDAC4 was decreased in CHD patients compared with healthy controls (p < 0.001). HDAC4 was negatively linked with serum creatinine (p = 0.014), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (p = 0.027) and C-reactive protein (p = 0.006) in CHD patients. Moreover, HDAC4 was inversely related to TNF-α (p = 0.012), IL-1ß (p = 0.002), IL-6 (p = 0.034), IL-17A (p = 0.023), VCAM1 (p = 0.014) and Gensini score (p = 0.001). Unfortunately, neither HDAC4 high (vs low) (p = 0.080) nor HDAC4 quartile (p = 0.268) estimated major adverse cardiovascular event risk. Conclusion: Circulating HDAC4 levels have disease monitoring value but are less valuable in estimating prognosis in CHD patients.

What was this article about? This study aimed to assess the clinical significance of identifying a marker named histone deacetylase 4 (HDAC4) in coronary heart disease (CHD) patients. What was done? Blood was taken from 180 CHD patients and 50 healthy controls, and their blood HDAC4 levels were evaluated. What were the results? HDAC4 levels were higher in CHD patients than in the controls. The CHD patients with a higher HDAC4 level had good kidney health and lower lipid profile, milder inflammation, good vascular status and less narrowing in their blood vessels. However, the HDAC4 level was not found to predict the risk of future cardiovascular disease. What do the results mean? A higher HDAC4 level in the blood of CHD patients suggests a better symptomatic disease status.

The clinical role of serum cell division control 42 in coronary heart disease.

Cell division control 42 (CDC42) regulates blood lipids, atherosclerosis, T cell differentiation and inflammation, which is involved in the process of coronary heart disease (CHD). This study aimed to evaluate the CDC42 level and its correlation with clinical features, the T-helper 17 (Th17)/regulatory-T (Treg) cell ratio and prognosis in CHD patients. In total, 210 CHD patients, 20 healthy controls and 20 disease controls were enrolled. Serum CDC42 levels of all participants were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. In CHD patients, Th17 and Treg cells were discovered by flow cytometry; CHD patients were followed-up for a median of 16.9 months (range of 2.5-38.2 months). CDC42 level was lowest in CHD patients (median (interquartile range (IQR)): 402.5 (287.3-599.0) pg/mL), moderate in disease controls (median (IQR): 543.5 (413.0-676.3) pg/mL) and highest in healthy controls (median (IQR): 668.0 (506.5-841.3) pg/mL) (p < .001). Moreover, in CHD patients, lower CDC42 level was related to more prevalent diabetes mellitus (p = .021), and higher levels of C-reactive protein (p = .001), Gensini score (p = .006), Th17 cells (p = .001) and Th17/Treg ratio (p < .001) but was associated with lower Treg cells (p = .018). Furthermore, CDC42 low level [below the median level (402.5 pg/mL) of CDC42 in CHD patients] was correlated with higher accumulating major adverse cardiovascular event (MACE) risk (p = .029), while no correlation was found between the quartile of CDC42 level and accumulating MACE risk in CHD patients (p = .102). The serum CDC42 level is decreased and its low level is related to higher Th17/Treg ratio and increased accumulating MACE risk in CHD patients.

MicroRNA-34a in coronary heart disease: Correlation with disease risk, blood lipid, stenosis degree, inflammatory cytokines, and cell adhesion molecules.

BACKGROUND: MicroRNA-34a (miR-34a) plays an essential role in regulating blood lipid, inflammation, cell adhesion molecules, and atherosclerosis, the latter factors are closely involved in the etiology of coronary heart disease (CHD). However, the clinical value of miR-34a in CHD patients' management is rarely reported. Hence, this study aimed to assess the correlation of miR-34a with disease risk, blood lipid, coronary artery stenosis, inflammatory cytokines, and cell adhesion molecules of CHD. METHODS: A total of 203 CHD patients and 100 controls were recruited in this study, then their plasma samples were collected to detect the miR-34a by reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Furthermore, serum samples from CHD patients were obtained for inflammatory cytokines and cell adhesion molecule measurement by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. RESULTS: MiR-34a was elevated in CHD patients compared to controls (p < 0.001) and it disclosed a good diagnostic value of CHD (area under curve: 0.899, 95% confidence interval: 0.865-0.934). Besides, miR-34a positively correlated with triglyceride (p < 0.001), total cholesterol (p = 0.022) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (p = 0.004), but not with high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (p = 0.110) in CHD patients. Moreover, miR-34a associated with Gensini score in CHD patients (p < 0.001). As to inflammation-related indexes and cell adhesion molecules, MiR-34a expression was positively linked with C-reactive protein (p < 0.001), tumor necrosis factor alpha (p = 0.005), interleukin (IL)-1ß (p = 0.020), IL-17A (p < 0.001), vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (p < 0.001), and intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (p = 0.010) in CHD patients, but not with IL-6 (p = 0.118) and IL-10 (p = 0.054). CONCLUSION: MiR-34a might serve as a biomarker in assistance of diagnosis and management of CHD.