Ewing's sarcoma of kidney extending into IVC and RA: resection using modified cannulation strategy for CPB.

Ewing's sarcoma of the kidney is a rare tumor. Although renal carcinomas are known to involve the inferior cava, extension of the tumor up to the right atrium is not common. In the majority of cases when the tumor extends into the infrahepatic part of the inferior vena cava, it can be removed from the abdominal approach. Few patients require the use of cardiopulmonary bypass for removal of the tumor in the inferior vena cava and right atrium. The management of patients requiring resection of kidney tumors and right atrial mass is more complicated and requires a team approach consisting of oncosurgeons, cardiac surgeons, and cardiac anesthetists. The resection of the kidney tumor with a mass in the right atrium is usually done concomitantly. The cardiopulmonary bypass cannulation strategy needs to be modified in such cases.

Successful patient outcome following surgery of carotid body tumor and temporary hypoglossal nerve dysfunction.

Carotid body tumors, also known as paragangliomas or chemodectomas, are rare tumors. They are mostly benign slow-growing tumors arising from neural crest cells, but can give rise to complications because of their location and close relation to carotid vessels and cranial nerves. A 40-year male patient diagnosed with a carotid body tumor is discussed along with a review of cranial nerve complications associated with the management of carotid body tumors. This case highlights the complete recovery after a temporary hypoglossal nerve deficit following surgery. Another important aspect is that syncopal attacks might occur in carotid body tumors and early surgery is required to prevent complications.

A study to assess the socio-demographic factor and knowledge, attitude, and practice of family planning methods in Lohpeeta migrants tribe located in Shivpuri central India.

BACKGROUND: Even though India was the first country in the whole world to introduce the national family planning policy, the acceptance rate of contraceptive methods has been unsatisfactory to date. Many women in their fertility period, who were ready to control their fertility and limit the number of unwanted children, were not aware of different methods of contraceptives available and their proper use and other benefits. AIM AND OBJECTIVE: 1. To assess the socio-demographic status of the study participants. 2. To assess the knowledge, attitude, and practice of contraceptive methods in Lohpeeta mobile tribe located in Shivpuri, central India. METHODS: The present study was an observational cross-sectional survey conducted from 1st December 2019 to 28th February 2020 in Lohpeeta mobile tribe located in Shivpuri local; nonrandom convenience sampling method was used after applying the inclusion and exclusion criteria, so the total sample size was 209. Data were collected by a principal investigator with a predesigned, pretested, questionnaire by conducting face-to-face interview with the participants. Firstly, the data was administered in an excel sheet then it was analyzed and presented in the form of percentage, and a Chi-square test was applied to assess the level of significance. RESULT: The most common age group of participants was 18-30 year (37.3%) and most were married (97.6%); we found that the knowledge and attitude toward contraceptives of participants was very poor, most 185 (88.5%) of the participants had never used any contraceptive method and only a few participants were using it occasionally, and none of the participants were using any contraceptive methods regularly. CONCLUSION: The knowledge, attitude, and compliance towards contraceptives were poor in this group, we need to focus on this type of migrant population to increase their awareness and change their attitude towards contraceptives, so that they can use it without any fear.

Awareness and perceptions regarding taxation and health warnings related to sugar-sweetened beverages and the factors associated with these among visitors of a general out-patient clinic in Bhopal, India.

INTRODUCTION: Although increased taxation on sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs) and warning labels on their packaging have been successful in other countries, India has not implemented these. It is imperative to understand the user perspectives before implementation, regarding which almost no information exists. OBJECTIVES: To assess the awareness and perceptions of people regarding taxation and health warnings on SSB packaging, and to determine the factors associated with these. METHODOLOGY: This cross-sectional study was conducted in the general out-patient clinic of a public tertiary care hospital in Bhopal, India, between April and November 2018. Patients and accompanying persons ≥15 years of age and attending the clinic were included. Severely ill patients were excluded. Exit interviews were conducted after the clinical consultation using a pre-tested semi-structured interview schedule. Data were analyzed using IBM SPSS version 21. RESULTS: Out of the 503 participants interviewed, three-fourths had never heard of taxes on SSBs and had never seen any health warning on SSB packaging. Most participants (96.6%) wanted some health warning to be present on the packaging. Majority of them (69.3%) wanted both textual and pictorial warnings. Close to half of those who wanted a pictorial warning to be present opined that it should occupy <25% of the surface area of the packaging. Multivariable analysis showed that participants aged <25 years and females were not in favor of tax increment. CONCLUSION: Government policies should also focus on user perspectives and preferences before deciding to increase tax on SSBs or introducing mandatory health warnings on SSBs.

In-depth Analysis of Pattern of Occupational Injuries and Utilization of Safety Measures among Workers of Railway Wagon Repair Workshop in Jhansi (U.P.).

CONTEXT: Occupational injuries constitute a global health challenge, yet they receive comparatively modest scientific attention. Pattern of occupational injuries and its safety precautions among wagon repair workers is an important health issue, especially in developing countries like India. AIMS: To assess the pattern of occupational injuries and utilization of safety measures among railway wagon repair workshop workers in Jhansi (U.P.). SETTINGS AND DESIGN: Railway wagon repair workshop urban area, Jhansi (U.P). Occupation-based cross-sectional study. PATIENTS AND METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 309 workers of railway workshop in Jhansi (U.P.) who were all injured during the study period of 1 year from July 2015 to June 2016. Baseline characteristics, pattern of occupational injuries, safety measures, and their availability to and utilization by the participants were assessed using a pretested structured questionnaire. STATISTICAL ANALYSIS USED: Data obtained were collected and analyzed statistically by simple proportions and Chi-square test. RESULTS: The majority of studied workers aged between 38 and 47 years (n = 93, 30.6%) followed by 28-37 years (n = 79, 26%). Among the pattern of occupational injuries, laceration (28.7%) was most common followed by abrasion/scratch (21%). Safety shoes and hat were utilized 100% by all workers. Many of them had more than 5 years of experience (n = 237, 78%). Age group, education level, and utilization of safety measures were significantly associated with pattern of occupational injuries in univariate analysis (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Occupational injuries are high and utilization of safety measures is low among workers on railway wagon repair workshop, which highlights the importance of strengthening safety regulatory services toward this group of workers. Younger age group workers show a significant association with open wounds and surface wounds. As the education level of workers increases, the incidence of injuries decreases. Apart from shoes, hat, and gloves, regular utilization of other personal protective equipment was not seen.

Assessment of physical disability using Barthel index among elderly of rural areas of district Jhansi (U.P), India.

INTRODUCTION: The health of the elderly will be an important issue defining the health status of a population. With the rise in aged population, there is a greater need to look into their physical disability aspects, which is otherwise neglected. The rationale behind the study is to assess the physical disability of the elderly living in rural area of Jhansi. The aims of the study were to study the prevalence of physical disability among the elderly of rural area, and to find out the factors and association affecting the physical disability. METHODS: A community-based cross-sectional study was carried out in a Baragaon block of rural area of Jhansi, Uttar Pradesh, India, from July 2015 to October 2015. Multistage random sampling was performed. A total of 265 participants of age 60 years and above were selected. Physical disability was assessed using Barthel index. Appropriate data entry and statistical analysis were done in EpiInfo. Frequency tables were used to calculate the prevalence, and Chi-square test was used to find out the association. RESULTS: The overall prevalence of physical disability was 23.4%. 70% belongs to the age group from 60 to 69 years. Physical disability was significantly higher among age group >80 years. Similarly, women were more affected with physical disability than men. CONCLUSIONS: High prevalence of physical disability is the major area of concern. More extensive postdischarge health facilities to be provided to elderly.

GIST: Institutional Experience at SRMS-IMS, India.

Gastro-Intestinal Stromal Tumors (GIST) is a malignant, non-epithelial, mesenchymal tumor of the digestive tract that is not uncommon in clinical practice nowadays; diagnosis being based upon immuno-histo-chemical analysis of the resected or biopsied (FNAC) specimen. Abdominal lump with or without intra-luminal bleed is a common mode of presentation. Early diagnosis and appropriate management with surgery and/or Imatinib therapy improves recurrence free survival and may impact overall survival. We present here our institutional experience of four patients, admitted in Onco-Surgery Dept., with pain abdomen and upper/lower gastrointestinal bleed, which, on subsequent workup were diagnosed to be cases of GIST, were appropriately managed according to their disease stage and show recurrence-free survival on follow-up.

Dietary pattern and nutritional deficiencies among urban adolescents.

INTRODUCTION: Adolescents are considered to be a nutritionally vulnerable segment of the population. There is a greater need to look into the nutritional status of adolescents but unfortunately, precise estimates of their dietary intake, dietary practices as well as nutritional deficiencies have been the least explored area. The general objective for conducting this study was to assess the dietary pattern and nutritional deficiencies among adolescents. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted among adolescents in schools and colleges in the urban areas of Jhansi district in Uttar Pradesh. The study sample consisted of 400 school children in the age group of 10-19 years. Food consumption of the subjects was assessed using a 3-day food intake recall method. RESULTS: Mean age of the adolescents was 14.16 years. More than half of the children studied had malnutrition (53.5%). Mean intake of calorie, protein, fat, iron, and vitamins A and C were lower than the Recommended Dietary Allowances (RDAs). The habitual dietary pattern indicated poor consumption of milk, liver, and leafy vegetables. In comparison to boys (31.5%), more girls (46%) were underweight. On seeing the association, nutritional status of these adolescents within the normal limits were found to be significantly higher in those from nuclear families (P < 0.001), those with better educated parents (P < 0.000), and those from families of higher socioeconomic status (P < 0.000). CONCLUSION: Overall, among the participants, there were both macro- and micronutrients deficiencies. Therefore, there is a need to encourage people to adopt small family norms, and a need for the sensitization of both adolescents and their parents through health and nutrition education (HNE) to improve the health and nutritional status of the adolescents.