Use of Contraceptive Methods Among Women in the General Population and Female Gynecologists in Spain: the ELEGIAN Survey.

Background: The contraceptive preferences of obstetricians and gynecologists (OB/GYNs) are thought to influence the contraceptive counseling they provide. The purpose of this study was to assess contraceptive preferences of OB/GYNs and women in the general population (WGP) in the current Spanish contraceptive scenario. Materials and Methods: Anonymous online survey of 100 OB/GYNs and 1,217 WGP aged 23-49 years. Results: WGP were younger (35.3 ± 7.3 vs. 37.9 ± 6.2 years, respectively) and less likely to have stable partners (64.7% vs. 84.0%) and children (49.1% vs. 62.0%) (all p < 0.05 vs. OB/GYNs). Seventy-nine percent versus 82%, respectively, used contraceptive methods, with condoms used most frequently by WGP (37% vs. 22% by OB/GYNs; p < 0.05) and pills by OB/GYNs (26% vs. 21% by WGP; p > 0.05). Intrauterine devices (IUDs) were more frequently used by OB/GYNs (20% vs. 5%; p < 0.05), especially the levonorgestrel-releasing intrauterine devices (LNG-IUDs) (18% vs. 2.6%; p < 0.05). The highest-rated methods were condoms among WGP and LNG-IUDs among OB/GYNs. Effectiveness was the most valued attribute of contraceptive methods for both. Reasons related to convenience were the main reason for choosing IUDs. OB/GYNs prescribed the contraceptive method in 40% of cases. Conclusions: Our study reveals differences between female OB/GYNs and WGP in contraceptive methods use and rating. The use of LNG-IUDs was much higher among OB/GYNs.

Women's Access to Sexual and Reproductive Health Services during Confinement Due to the COVID-19 Pandemic in Spain.

(1) Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has created a challenge for women's sexual and reproductive health care. The objective of this research was to analyse access to sexual and reproductive health services during confinement in Spain. (2) Methods: A descriptive and cross-sectional study was conducted with a random sample that was stratified by age in July and August 2020. (3) Results: A total of 1800 women were invited to participate, obtaining a response rate of 98.72%. The frequency of sexual relationships reduced during confinement. Counselling was offered both in person (30.7%) and telematically (39%), although there were also women who experienced access problems (30%). Of those women who required some LARC, only half had access to it, mainly due to the contact difficulties as a result of the limited number of consultations with their prescribing physicians. The use of emergency oral contraception and the use of services for the voluntary interruption of pregnancy were considerably reduced. The women who stated having been victims of gender-based violence were those that lived with their aggressors during confinement and had children. (4) Conclusions: It is necessary to ensure sexual and reproductive rights in confinement times and, for such a purpose, telemedicine can be a good tool that helps to avoid unmet contraceptive needs and unplanned pregnancies.

Results of the National Contraception Survey Conducted by Sociedad Española de Contracepción (2020).

Background: The National Contraception Survey conducted by Sociedad Española de Contracepción intends to know the sexual and contraceptive habits of Spanish women of reproductive age. Methods: A descriptive and cross-sectional study with random sample selection was conducted with women aged from 14 to 49 years old in July and August 2020. Results: A total of 1801 women participated in the study, of which 78.7% used some contraception method during their sexual relationships. The most frequently used methods were condoms (31.3%) and combined oral contraceptives (18.5%) at their last sexual encounter. A total of 25.7% used both condoms and pills, especially younger women and those who had no steady partners (p < 0.001). Use of Long-acting Reversible Contraceptives continues to be low, although a slight increase in their use is observed, and they are recommended for 50% of the users who need contraception. Counselling on contraception was provided to 64.3% of the women, mainly by their gynaecologists. Regarding the decision to use a contraceptive method, the one suggested by health professionals was more influential, although this was not the case for women aged less than 20 years old (p < 0.001). A total of 38.4% of the women have used emergency oral contraception at least once and 66.8% of those who do not make continuous use of contraception methods do so out of personal choice. Conclusions: It is necessary to deepen work on counselling and awareness among the population towards the use of efficient contraceptive methods that prevent unplanned pregnancies.

Percepción de los ginecólogos sobre la situación actual de los dispositivos intrauterinos durante el consejo contraceptivo en España para distintos perfiles de usuaria / Perception of gynecologists on the current situation of intrauterine devices during contraceptive advice in Spain for different user profiles

Objetivo: comunicar las percepciones de ginecólogos españoles sobre el uso del dispositivo intrauterino en distintos perfiles de usuaria. Materiales y métodos: estudio transversal descriptivo. 94 ginecólogos de diferentes regiones de España cumplimentaron un cuestionario sobre la situación del dispositivo intrauterino durante el consejo contraceptivo. Las valoraciones fueron consensuadas en una reunión nacional. Resultados: un 73% de los ginecólogos se manifestaron de acuerdo en recomendar los dispositivos intrauterinos en mujeres nulíparas. Sin embargo, solo un 52% declaró prescribirlo en ese perfil con frecuencia. Asimismo, un 93% de los participantes mostró acuerdo para afirmar la existencia de ideas preconcebidas sobre el dispositivo intrauterino y un 79% para afirmar que una mayor accesibilidad aumentaría su recomendación. Conclusiones: se sugiere incluir los distintos tipos de dispositivos intrauterinos durante el consejo contraceptivo según el perfil de cada usuaria, independientemente de edad o paridad, y preferiblemente los hormonales en mujeres candidatas (AU)

Objective: To communicate the perceptions of Spanish gynecologists about the use of intrauterine devices in different user profiles. Materials and methods: Cross-sectional descriptive study. 94 gynecologists answered a questionnaire related to the current situation of intrauterine devices in contraceptive counseling. Answers and considerations were validated in a national meeting. Results: 73% of gynecologists showed their agreement to recommend intrauterine devices to nulliparous women. However, only 52% declared to often prescribe these methods to these users. In addition, 93% of participants agreed to describe the existence of preconceived notions about intrauterine devices, and 79% agreed to declare that better accessibility would increase intrauterine devices prescription rates. Conclusions: Considering all intrauterine devices types during contraceptive counseling was advised, giving preference to hormone-based methods in the appropriate women. Acknowledging the different user profiles was also recommended, regardless of age and parity (AU)

Dispositivos intrauterinos liberadores de levonorgestrel: beneficios frente a dudas, temores y creencias erróneas / Levonorgestrel releasing intrauterine devices: benefits versus doubts, fears and misperceptions

El uso inconsistente del preservativo y la falta de cumplimiento con la píldora, los dos métodos más usados en nuestro país, dan lugar cada año a un número importante de embarazos no deseados. Diversas sociedades médicas internacionales recomiendan el uso de anticonceptivos de larga duración reversibles (LARC), altamente efectivos al no depender de la participación activa de la usuaria, para evitar los embarazos no deseados en todas las mujeres, salvo que exista alguna contraindicación. Entre éstos, los dispositivos intrauterinos de cobre (DIU-Cu) y el liberador de levonorgestrel (DIU-LNG), una evolución de los anteriores, son los más populares. Pese a sus beneficios, apenas un 6 % de las mujeres los usa en nuestro país. Esto puede deberse a la existencia de dudas, temores y creencias erróneas entre los profesionales sanitarios y las mujeres que crean una barrera a su uso. En la presente revisión se analizan los beneficios que ofrece el DIU-LNG y se da respuesta a las dudas, temores y creencias erróneas más extendidas, tales como las mujeres elegibles para usarlo, la recuperación de la fertilidad, el uso tras el parto, el coste, las dificultades en la inserción o el riesgo de enfermedad inflamatoria pélvica, de infertilidad y de embarazos ectópicos. El desconocimiento de los DIU entre las mujeres, y en especial del DIU-LNG, es muy alto. Se revisan también aquellos aspectos específicos en los que es importante asesorar a la usuaria

Inconsistent use of condoms and lack of compliance with oral contraceptive pills, both the most widespread used methods in Spain, result in high rates of unintended pregnancies yearly. Several international medical societies do recommend the use of long acting reversible contraceptive methods (LARC methods), highly effective because of no need for user’s active participation, to prevent pregnancies in all women, unless specific contraindication determined. Within them, cooper intrauterine device (Cooper-IUD) and levonorgestrel releasing intrauterine device (LNG-IUD), an evolution from the first one, are the most popular ones. Despite of their proved benefits, only 6 % of women are using them in our country. A barrier has been created around the use of intrauterine devices, ought to healthcare providers and users’ fears, misperceptions and doubts. In the present review we analyse those benefits offered by LNG-IUD, giving response to the most extended myths, misperceptions and fears such as women’s adequate profile, fertility recovery, postpartum use, cost, insertion inconveniences, or risk for pelvic inflammatory disease, infertility or ectopic pregnancies. Unawareness of intrauterine devices within women, particularly of LNG-IUD, is unexpectedly high. Specific issues around contraceptive counselling are also included in this review