Lymphomatoid granulomatosis in one patient with newly diagnosed HIV infection and Kaposi's sarcoma: a case report and literature review.

Lymphomatoid granulomatosis is a very rare B cell lymphoproliferative disease associated with Epstein-Barr virus infection. It is related to states of immunosuppression and affects the lung in more than 90% of cases, forcing the clinician to establish a differential diagnosis with other diseases such as infections, Wegener's granulomatosis, lymphoma, or lung metastases. There is no standard treatment for this disease. In this paper, we describe a rare case of a patient with grade 3 lymphomatoid granulomatosis with newly diagnosed HIV infection who started antiretroviral treatment with a gradual improvement of the lesions.

Caracterización de cepas de Campylobacter jejuni obtenidas desde carne de pollo y heces de aves de corral de la zona central de Chile / Characterization of Campylobacter jejuni samples coming form poultry meat and feces

Background Campylobacter jejuni is one of the main causal agents of food borne diseases. Infections with this pathogen are mainly caused by chicken meat consumption. Aim To characterize antibiotic resistance and virulence factors in C. jejuni strains obtained from chicken meat and poultry feces in Central Chile. Material and Methods The presence of C. jejuni in 30 meat and 40 feces samples from poultry was studied. From these samples, we obtained 40 strains which were characterized at the molecular level for the presence of 16 genes involved in virulence using PCR. In parallel, antibiotic resistance for ciprofloxacin, nalidixic acid, tetracycline, erythromycin, azithromycin, chloramphenicol y ampicillin was analyzed. Results Twenty and 63% of feces and chicken meat samples were positive for C. jejuni, respectively. Moreover, a high percentage of strains showed antibiotic resistance, where 27% of strains were resistant to all tested antibiotics, except for azithromycin. Finally, 10% of the strains coming from feces contained 14 out of 16 virulence genes evaluated. Only 23% of the strains did not contain any of these genes. Conclusions A high percentage of feces and chicken meat samples are contaminated with C. jejuni. Moreover, these strains show a high genetic and phenotypic diversity represented by their antibiotic resistance profiles and the presence of virulence factors.

[Characterization of Campylobacter jejuni samples coming form poultry meat and feces]. / Caracterización de cepas de Campylobacter jejuni obtenidas desde carne de pollo y heces de aves de corral de la zona central de Chile.

Background Campylobacter jejuni is one of the main causal agents of food borne diseases. Infections with this pathogen are mainly caused by chicken meat consumption. Aim To characterize antibiotic resistance and virulence factors in C. jejuni strains obtained from chicken meat and poultry feces in Central Chile. Material and Methods The presence of C. jejuni in 30 meat and 40 feces samples from poultry was studied. From these samples, we obtained 40 strains which were characterized at the molecular level for the presence of 16 genes involved in virulence using PCR. In parallel, antibiotic resistance for ciprofloxacin, nalidixic acid, tetracycline, erythromycin, azithromycin, chloramphenicol y ampicillin was analyzed. Results Twenty and 63% of feces and chicken meat samples were positive for C. jejuni, respectively. Moreover, a high percentage of strains showed antibiotic resistance, where 27% of strains were resistant to all tested antibiotics, except for azithromycin. Finally, 10% of the strains coming from feces contained 14 out of 16 virulence genes evaluated. Only 23% of the strains did not contain any of these genes. Conclusions A high percentage of feces and chicken meat samples are contaminated with C. jejuni. Moreover, these strains show a high genetic and phenotypic diversity represented by their antibiotic resistance profiles and the presence of virulence factors.

Genetic and phenotypic evidence of the Salmonella enterica serotype Enteritidis human-animal interface in Chile.

Salmonella enterica serotype Enteritidis is a worldwide zoonotic agent that has been recognized as a very important food-borne bacterial pathogen, mainly associated with consumption of poultry products. The aim of this work was to determine genotypic and phenotypic evidence of S. Enteritidis transmission among seabirds, poultry and humans in Chile. Genotyping was performed using PCR-based virulotyping, pulse-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) and multi-locus sequence typing (MLST). Pathogenicity-associated phenotypes were determined with survival to free radicals, acidic pH, starvation, antimicrobial resistance, and survival within human dendritic cells. As result of PCR and PFGE assays, some isolates from the three hosts showed identical genotypic patterns, and through MLST it was determined that all of them belong to sequence type 11. Phenotypic assays show diversity of bacterial responses among isolates. When results were analyzed according to bacterial host, statistical differences were identified in starvation and dendritic cells survival assays. In addition, isolates from seabirds showed the highest rates of resistance to gentamycin, tetracycline, and ampicillin. Overall, the very close genetic and phenotypic traits shown by isolates from humans, poultry, and seabirds suggest the inter-species transmission of S. Enteritidis bacteria between hosts, likely through anthropogenic environmental contamination that determines infection of seabirds with bacteria that are potentially pathogenic for other susceptible organism, including humans.

Serotype-associated polymorphisms in a partial rpoB gene sequence of Salmonella enterica.

Salmonella enterica is a zoonotic bacterium with more than 2500 serotypes, which affect a wide range of hosts and produce diverse clinical outcomes. Strain identification usually involves costly and time-demanding procedures. This paper describes the sequencing of a rpoB hypervariable gene segment (847 bp) that allows identification of serotypes in S. enterica strains isolated from several hosts. The nucleotide similarity values among S. enterica serotypes ranged from 98.23% to 99.88%, with potential usefulness for devising a simple one-step sequencing as a first approach for identification of S. enterica strains. In conclusion, the analysis of polymorphisms in the partial rpoB sequence can discriminate S. enterica strains at the subspecies level.

Asociación entre religiosidad y síntomas ansiosos y depresivos en estudiantes universitarios / Association between religiosity and anxiety and depressive symptoms in college students

Introducción: Existe información divergente acerca de la asociación entre religiosidad y síntomas emocionales. Un estudio con adolescentes colombianos observó falta de asociación estadísticamente significativa entre religiosidad y síntomas depresivos. No se conocen datos sobre este tópico en estudiantes universitarios. Objetivo: Estimar la asociación entre religiosidad y síntomas ansiosos y depresivos en universitarios de una institución colombiana. Método: Se realizó una investigación transversal correlacional. Los universitarios diligenciaron la escala breve de Zung para ansiedad, el Índice de Bienestar General para síntomas depresivos y la escala breve de Francis para religiosidad. Se calcularon correlaciones de Pearson (r) y se aceptaron diferencias significativas r superiores a 0,300 con probabilidad (p)<0,01. Resultados: Un total de 1.349 estudiantes de distintos programas académicos participó en la investigación. La media para la edad fue 20,6 años (DE=3,4) y el 50,7% eran hombres. Los coeficientes de alfa de Cronbach fueron 0,720, 0,763 y 0,966 para la escala breve de Zung para ansiedad, el Índice de Bienestar General para síntomas depresivos y la escala breve de Francis para religiosidad, respectivamente. Se encontró una asociación sin importancia estadística entre síntomas ansiosos (r=0,062; p>0,01) y síntomas depresivos (r=0,036; p>0,01) y la religiosidad. Conclusiones: El bienestar emocional de universitarios de una universidad colombiana cuantificado por síntomas ansiosos y depresivos es independiente de las puntuaciones en religiosidad. Este hallazgo corrobora la falta de asociación entre síntomas depresivos y religiosidad en adolescentes de Cartagena, Colombia. Se necesitan investigaciones en otras regiones del país.

Introduction: There is conflicting information about the association between religiosity and emotional symptoms. A study of adolescents Colombian observed lack of statistically significant association between religiosity and depressive symptoms. No data on this topic are known in college students. Objective: To estimate the association between religiosity and anxiety and depression in a Colombian university institution symptoms. Method: A correlational cross-sectional study was conducted. The university then fill out brief Zung scale for anxiety, the General Welfare Index for depressive symptoms and brief Francis scale for religiosity. Pearson correlations (r) were calculated and significant differences exceeding 0,300 r accepted with probability (p) <0.01. Results: A total of 1,349 students from different academic programs involved in the research. The mean age was 20.6 years (SD = 3.4) and 50.7% were men. The Cronbach's alpha coefficients were 0.720, 0.763 and 0.966 for the brief Zung scale for anxiety, the General Welfare Index for depressive symptoms and brief Francis scale for religiousness, respectively. no statistically significant association was found between anxiety symptoms (r = 0.062; p> 0.01) and depressive symptoms (r = 0.036; p> 0.01) and religiosity. Conclusions: The emotional well-being of a Colombian university college quantified by anxiety and depressive symptoms is independent of scores in religiosity. This finding corroborates the lack of association between depressive symptoms and religiousness among adolescents in Cartagena, Colombia. research is needed in other regions of the country.