Awareness of Bariatric Sleeve Gastrectomy Complications Among the General Population of Saudi Arabian Regions.

Sleeve gastrectomy (SG) is a type of procedure called bariatric surgery that provides large weight loss and has a positive impact on diseases associated with obesity. However, it has brought several complications that have an impact on those undergoing surgery, which are classified into intraoperative and postoperative issues. The study's goal is to assess the Saudi Arabian population's awareness of SG consequences. This study assessed the general population's knowledge in Saudi Arabia in 2023 using a cross-sectional approach. The total number of participants was 1,013, the majority of whom were individuals between the ages of 18 and 25 (471, 46%), and females (692, 68%). A total of 692 (68%) participants showed awareness of BMI; in addition, 987 (97%) were aware of gastric sleeve surgery, and 538 (53%) understood its indications correctly. Regarding SG complications, approximately 821 (81%) of participants showed awareness. There were significant associations between knowledge of gastric sleeve surgery and residence in the northern region of Saudi Arabia. In conclusion, our study indicated that the general population is aware of the complications of gastric sleeve surgery, but it found a deficiency in their knowledge about BMI.

Electrospun glass nanofibers to strengthen polycarbonate plastic glass toward photoluminescent smart materials.

Electrospun glass nanofibers (GNFs) were used to strengthen polycarbonate (PC) to create long-persistent photoluminescent and fluorescent smart materials such as afterglow concrete and smart window. Physical integration of lanthanide-activated aluminate (LA) nanoparticles (NPs) yielded transparent GNFs@PC smart sheets. Spectral investigations utilizing photoluminescence and CIE Lab parameters were performed to confirm that the translucent appearance of GNFs@PC changed to green when exposed to UV light. This fluorescence activity was quickly reversible for the GNFs@PC hybrids with low concentrations of LANPs, which indicate fluorescence emission. Higher phosphor concentrations in GNFs@PC led to longer-lasting afterglow photoluminescence and slower reversibility. The GNFs@PC hybrids showed an emission band detected at 518 nm upon excitation at 368 nm. The morphological characteristics of LANPs and GNFs were analyzed by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), which revealed sizes of 11-26 nm and 250-300 nm, respectively. GNFs were prepared using electrospinning technology and then used as a roughening agent into PC sheets. Morphological characteristics of GNFs and GNFs@PC smart sheets were examined using energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDXA), X-ray fluorescence (XRF) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The GNFs@PC smart sheets were shown to have enhanced scratch resistance in comparison to LANPs-free PC control sample. Increases in LANPs concentration enhanced both hydrophobicity and UV protection.

Adsorption of Azorubine E122 dye via Na-mordenite with tryptophan composite: batch adsorption, Box-Behnken design optimisation and antibacterial activity.

In the current investigation, we have reported on the preparation of Na-Mordenite (MOR) modified by tryptophan (MOR-NH2) nanocomposite was synthesized and characterized using FT-IR, XRD, SEM, XPS, and BET that represented that the MOR-NH2 has high surface area 288 m2/g and pore volume 0.38 cm3/g. This composite represented high efficiency in removal of food dye Azorubine (E122) was 1043 mg/g. Study all the factors that affected on the adsorption such as pH, dose, salinity, E122 dye concentration as well as study the adsorption isotherm models that represented that was fitted to Langmuir. Moreover, study the effect of time according to it the adsorption process was fitted to Pseudo-second-order, and the effect of temperature that approved that the reaction was endothermic, spontaneous, and chemisorption process. The MOR-NH2 nanocomposite was tested and proven to effectively inhibit the growth of Escherichia coli ATCC® 25922™ and Staphylococcus aureus ATCC® 25923™ at low concentrations. To the best of our knowledge, this work is the first to report the usage of MOR-NH2 adsorbents for the removal of E122 dye in wastewater samples. The mechanism of interaction between MOR-NH2 and E122 dye was determining as it could be through Hydrogen bonding, pore filling, or through π-π interaction. This research offers a promising solution for purifying water sources that are contaminated with a variety of chemicals, microorganisms, and other contaminants.

Copper(I)-catalysed synthesis of symmetrical perfluoroterphenyl analogues; fluorescence, antioxidant and molecular docking studies.

Pentafluoroaryl analogues have been found to exhibit para specific nucleophilic aromatic substitution (SN Ar). Herein, we describe the use of SN Ar chemistry to create luminous perfluorinated symmetrical terphenyls. Both of SN Ar chemistry and copper(I)-catalysed decarboxylative cross-coupling were applied for the synthesis of the perfluorinated symmetrical terphenyls in high yields from the corresponding derivatives of aryl iodide and potassium salt of fluorobenzoate. A series of perfluorinated symmetrical terphenyls with different para alkoxy chains were synthesized. The synthesized perfluorinated terphenyl adducts were confirmed via elemental analysis, Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR), proton (1 H) carbon-13 (13 C) and fluorine-19 (19 F) nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectra. The absorbance and fluorescence spectra showed solvatochromic activities. The new synthesized fluoroterphenyl hybrids were screened against antioxidant inspection over DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) performance, in assessment of vitamin C and butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT) as standard drugs exposed that fluoroterphenyl hybrid covering decyl hydrocarbons exhibited highest effectiveness through half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50 ) values of 21.74 µg/ml. Additionally, molecular docking procedures of the synthesized fluoroterphenyl hybrids were employed by using protein data bank (PDB ID: 5IKQ). The docking simulation displayed convenient and recognized findings with the antioxidant examination.

Synthesis, Structure and Photophysical Properties of a New Class of Inherently Chiral Boron(III) Chelates-The tert-Leucine Complexes.

A new family of boron(III) chelates is introduced whereby molecular chirality, confirmed by circular dichroism, is imported during synthesis such that isolation of the diastereoisomers does not require separation procedures. The photophysical properties of two members of the family have been examined: the N,O,O-salicylaldehyde-based derivative shows pronounced intramolecular charge-transfer character in fluid solution and is weakly fluorescent, with a large Stokes shift. The corresponding 2-methylamino-benzaldehyde-derived N,N,O-chelate absorbs and fluoresces in the visible region with a much smaller Stokes shift. Orange fluorescence is also observed for this compound as a cast film. Temperature-dependence studies show that decay of the fluorescent state is weakly activated but emission is less than quantitative at 77 K. Quite rare for boron(III)-based chelates, this derivative undergoes intersystem crossing to form a meta-stable triplet-excited state. X-ray crystal structures are reported for both compounds, along with simulated ECD spectra.

Origin of Fluorescence from Boranils in the Crystalline Phase.

A small series of boranil complexes has been studied by fluorescence spectroscopy. Weakly fluorescent in most organic solvents at room temperature, the target compounds display bright emission in the crystalline phase. X-ray diffraction patterns obtained for single crystals indicate a distorted tetrahedral geometry around the O-B-N center with the boron atom being displaced from the plane of the heterobicyclic ring. Consideration of the various bond lengths in comparison with those of reference compounds indicates that the ancillary phenyl ring, bearing different para-substituents, does not make a prominent contribution to the molecular dipole moment in the solid state. Absorption and fluorescence spectra recorded for the crystals remain remarkably similar to those for liquid solutions and display large Stokes shifts. Proximity broadening is observed in one case. The nitrophenyl derivative exhibits additional absorption and emission bands unique to the solid state and could be indicative of an intermolecular charge-transfer transition. The optical properties are discussed in terms of the crystal packing diagrams.

Solid-State Emission from Mono- and Bichromophoric Boron Dipyrromethene (BODIPY) Derivatives and Comparison with Fluid Solution.

The syntheses and crystal structures of sterically crowded mono- and bichromophoric BODIPY-based dyes are reported. The "monomeric" compound is weakly fluorescent in the liquid phase due to fast internal conversion associated with rotation of aryl rings at the boron atom. The side-by-side "dimer" exhibits weak excitonic coupling between the dipyrrin units and is much more emissive in fluid solution. Solid samples of both molecular entities are strongly fluorescent under near-UV illumination. Thus, the mono-chromophore exhibits dual fluorescence from what appears to be a mixture of crystalline and possibly amorphous (or interfacial regions) distributions. The bi-chromophore packs in the crystal as pairs of chromophores with each unit being provided by a different molecule. This leads to excitonic splitting and the formation of a strong H-band in the absorption spectrum. Fluorescence occurs from the corresponding J-species and also from what appears to be an aggregated state associated with interfacial areas. Both bulk and interface-bound states show relatively long-lived fluorescence while the crystal structures indicate the likelihood for fast electronic energy migration between molecules.

The subpolar gyre regulates silicate concentrations in the North Atlantic.

The North Atlantic is characterized by diatom-dominated spring blooms that results in significant transfer of carbon to higher trophic levels and the deep ocean. These blooms are terminated by limiting silicate concentrations in summer. Numerous regional studies have demonstrated phytoplankton community shifts to lightly-silicified diatoms and non-silicifying plankton at the onset of silicate limitation. However, to understand basin-scale patterns in ecosystem and climate dynamics, nutrient inventories must be examined over sufficient temporal and spatial scales. Here we show, from a new comprehensive compilation of data from the subpolar Atlantic Ocean, clear evidence of a marked pre-bloom silicate decline of 1.5-2 µM throughout the winter mixed layer during the last 25 years. This silicate decrease is primarily attributed to natural multi-decadal variability through decreased winter convection depths since the mid-1990s, a weakening and retraction of the subpolar gyre and an associated increased influence of nutrient-poor water of subtropical origin. Reduced Arctic silicate import and the projected hemispheric-scale climate change-induced weakening of vertical mixing may have acted to amplify the recent decline. These marked fluctuations in pre-bloom silicate inventories will likely have important consequences for the spatial and temporal extent of diatom blooms, thus impacting ecosystem productivity and ocean-atmosphere climate dynamics.