RESUMO
Respiratory disease is a significant cause of morbidity and mortality amongst patients with primary immunodeficiency disorders. Computed tomography (CT) plays an important role in the multidisciplinary approach to these conditions, in detecting, characterizing, and quantifying the extent of lung damage and in directing treatment. The aim of this review is to classify the primary immunodeficiency disorders and describe the thoracic complications and the associated CT findings whilst discussing the role of radiology in diagnosis and surveillance.
Assuntos
Imunodeficiência de Variável Comum/diagnóstico por imagem , Doenças Respiratórias/diagnóstico por imagem , Adulto , Imunodeficiência de Variável Comum/complicações , Diagnóstico Diferencial , Feminino , Humanos , Síndromes de Imunodeficiência/complicações , Síndromes de Imunodeficiência/diagnóstico por imagem , Pulmão/diagnóstico por imagem , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Doenças Respiratórias/complicações , Tomografia Computadorizada por Raios X/métodosRESUMO
The lymphomas are a heterogeneous group of malignancies, which exhibit a range of different molecular features, genetics, and clinical presentations. Consequently, therapeutic approaches and clinical outcomes differ greatly. Following therapy, the thorax may be a site of disease recurrence, but infection, drug reactions, and radiation pneumonitis are commonly encountered. We present a comprehensive review of these conditions, focussing on their radiological appearances, in order that radiologists may better engage their colleagues in haemato-oncology.
Assuntos
Transplante de Medula Óssea/diagnóstico por imagem , Neoplasias Pulmonares/diagnóstico por imagem , Linfoma/diagnóstico por imagem , Recidiva Local de Neoplasia/diagnóstico por imagem , Pneumonite por Radiação/diagnóstico por imagem , Doenças Respiratórias/diagnóstico por imagem , Adulto , Idoso , Anticorpos Monoclonais , Anticorpos Monoclonais Murinos , Antineoplásicos/efeitos adversos , Transplante de Medula Óssea/efeitos adversos , Feminino , Humanos , Neoplasias Pulmonares/terapia , Metástase Linfática , Linfoma/terapia , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Doenças Respiratórias/induzido quimicamente , Rituximab , Tomografia Computadorizada por Raios X , Resultado do Tratamento , Adulto JovemRESUMO
The lymphomas are a heterogeneous group of malignant diseases. They are divided into two broad groups: Hodgkin's disease (HD) and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL). Patients suffering from HD and NHL can be cured by appropriate chemotherapy and/or radiotherapy. Accurate staging and response assessment is essential to guide management decisions. The International Workshop Group (IWG) criteria, published in 1999, have become the widely accepted standard for response assessment in NHL. Although the IWG criteria have proved extremely useful in the standardization of treatment response, they do have a number of limitations. As a consequence of this, together with advances in functional imaging, revised criteria have been published recently. The aim of this review is to describe the evidence supporting the available imaging techniques, the limitations of each technique, and how these should be applied in clinical practice. We briefly review the corresponding response criteria for central nervous system (CNS) lymphomas, and take a look at novel imaging techniques that may play a role in the future.
