Super enhancer lncRNAs: a novel hallmark in cancer.

Super enhancers (SEs) consist of clusters of enhancers, harboring an unusually high density of transcription factors, mediator coactivators and epigenetic modifications. SEs play a crucial role in the maintenance of cancer cell identity and promoting oncogenic transcription. Super enhancer lncRNAs (SE-lncRNAs) refer to either transcript from SEs locus or interact with SEs, whose transcriptional activity is highly dependent on SEs. Moreover, these SE-lncRNAs can interact with their associated enhancer regions in cis and modulate the expression of oncogenes or key signal pathways in cancers. Inhibition of SEs would be a promising therapy for cancer. In this review, we summarize the research of SE-lncRNAs in different kinds of cancers so far and decode the mechanism of SE-lncRNAs in carcinogenesis to provide novel ideas for the cancer therapy.

Radiofrequency ablation combined with esophageal stent in the treatment of malignant esophageal stenosis: A single-center prospective study.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the efficacy of radiofrequency ablation (RFA) combined with esophageal stent in treating malignant esophageal stenosis. Seventy patients with malignant esophageal obstruction treated in Department of Gastroenterology from April 2013 to April 2015 in China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University were enrolled. They were randomly assigned into the treatment group (radiofrequency ablation combined with esophageal stent) and control group (esophageal stent). To observe the degree of dysphagia, esophageal stenosis diameter, readmission time, adverse events and complications. There was no significant differences in dysphagia and esophageal diameter between the treatment group and the control group within 1-3 months after operation (P>0.05), and the degree of dysphagia and esophageal diameter in the treatment group at postoperative 6 months were better than those in the control group (P=0.018 and 0.038, respectively). The readmission time of the treatment group was also better than that of the control group (P=0.021). The adverse events and complications included hemorrhage, perforation and esophageal stent displacement. No significant differences in adverse events and complications between the treatment group and the control group were observed. All patients were successfully treated during hospitalization. Effect of radiofrequency ablation combined with esophageal stent implantation was better than esophageal stent implantation in the treatment of malignant esophageal stenosis, but it had no effect on the survival time.