Impacto del estudio basal con ecografía doppler en pacientes con cáncer de próstata previo a prostatectomía radical / Impact of the baseline study with penile doppler ultrasound in patients with prostate cancer before radical prostatectomy

Introducción: La disfunción eréctil peneana tiene una prevalencia alta entre los 40-70 años, por lo que es importante su valoración basal antes de la prostatectomía radical. Material y métodos: Se ha evaluado la función eréctil (FE) de 112 pacientes con cáncer de próstata previamente a la prostatectomía radical, mediante el dominio de la FE del Índice Internacional de Función Eréctil (IIEF), el test Erectile Hardness Score (EHS) y una ecografía doppler de pene (EDP). Se recogieron comorbilidades, el índice de Charlson y se administró el test de calidad de vida de la EORTC QLQ C-30 y PR-25. Resultados: Un 50,9% de la población tenían una FE normal usando el cuestionario IIEF y un 75,9% conseguían una erección grado 3-4 en el EHS. Únicamente el 28,6% presentaban una EDP normal, y el 51,8% mostraron insuficiencia arterial. Encontramos una asociación significativa (p < 0,0001) entre el IIEF categorizado y el valor de EHS. Se encontró una asociación significativa (p = 0,005) entre la presencia en la EDP (normal vs. patológico) y el EHS (3-4 vs. 1-2). Solo el 35,3% de los pacientes con un EHS de 3-4 tenían una EDP normal. También encontramos una asociación significativa (p = 0,043) entre la EDP y la FE valorada según el IIEF (≥ 26vs.< 26). Únicamente tenían una EDP normal el 38,6% de los pacientes con IIEF ≥ 26. Conclusiones: Es importante una valoración global de la FE para poder valorar las expectativas de recuperación de dicha función tras la cirugía y no reducirla únicamente a test autoadministrados, pudiendo jugar un papel importante la EDP

Introduction: Given the high prevalence of erectile dysfunction in male population between 40-70 years old and the effect of radical prostatectomy on this domain, it is important to perform a baseline study. Material and methods: Prior radical prostatectomy, erectile function has been assessed prospectively in 112 prostate cancer patients using the erectile function (EF) domain of the International Index of Erectile Function (EF-IIEF), Erectile Hardness Score (EHS) and a penile doppler ultrasound (PDUS). Comorbidities and Charlson index were collected. The EORTC QLQ C-30 and PR-25 tests were administered. Results: According to EF-IIEF questionnaire, 50.9% of patients showed normal EF and EHS grade 3-4 erection was achieved in the 75.9%. PDUS was normal only in 28.6% of patients and 51.8% showed arterial insufficiency. We found a significant association (P < .0001) between categorized EF-IIEF (normal, mild/moderate/severe) and the EHS value. Between PDUS (normal vs. pathologic) and EHS (3-4 vs. 1-2) statistically significant association (P = .005) was found. Just 35.3% of patients with EHS 3-4 showed normal PDUS. Correlation between the PDUS and the EF-IIEF (≥2 6 vs.< 26) was statistically significant (P = .043). Moreover, only 38.6% of patients with EF-IIEF ≥ 26 had a normal PDUS. Conclusions: In order to predict EF recovery after surgery, global assessment is required. Solely self-administered tests are not enough. In this baseline study, PDUS can play an important role

Impact of the baseline study with penile doppler ultrasound in patients with prostate cancer before radical prostatectomy. / Impacto del estudio basal con ecografía doppler en pacientes con cáncer de próstata previo a prostatectomía radical.

INTRODUCTION: Given the high prevalence of erectile dysfunction in male population between 40-70 years old and the effect of radical prostatectomy on this domain, it is important to perform a baseline study. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Prior radical prostatectomy, erectile function has been assessed prospectively in 112 prostate cancer patients using the erectile function (EF) domain of the International Index of Erectile Function (EF-IIEF), Erectile Hardness Score (EHS) and a penile doppler ultrasound (PDUS). Comorbidities and Charlson index were collected. The EORTC QLQ C-30 and PR-25 tests were administered. RESULTS: According to EF-IIEF questionnaire, 50.9% of patients showed normal EF and EHS grade 3-4 erection was achieved in the 75.9%. PDUS was normal only in 28.6% of patients and 51.8% showed arterial insufficiency. We found a significant association (P<.0001) between categorized EF-IIEF (normal, mild/moderate/severe) and the EHS value. Between PDUS (normal vs. pathologic) and EHS (3-4 vs. 1-2) statistically significant association (P=.005) was found. Just 35.3% of patients with EHS 3-4 showed normal PDUS. Correlation between the PDUS and the EF-IIEF (≥26 vs.<26) was statistically significant (P=.043). Moreover, only 38.6% of patients with EF-IIEF≥26 had a normal PDUS. CONCLUSIONS: In order to predict EF recovery after surgery, global assessment is required. Solely self-administered tests are not enough. In this baseline study, PDUS can play an important role.

Crioterapia renal laparoscópica por vía retroperitoneal y transperitoneal en masas renales de pequeño tamaño / Retroperitoneal and transperitoneal laparoscopic cryotherapy for small renal masses

Objetivo: La crioterapia es una técnica ablativa, mínimamente invasiva, que se plantea como una alternativa a la cirugía convencional para preservar la función renal en tumores renales pequeños y en casos seleccionados. Evaluamos nuestros resultados de crioterapia renal laparoscópica. Material y método: Se analizan de forma retrospectiva 17 tumores renales tratados con crioterapia diagnosticados en 16 pacientes, con una media de edad de 66 años (43-80). El tamaño medio tumoral fue de 1,8 cm (0,7-3,7 cm). La crioterapia con doble ciclo de congelación se realizó por vía laparoscópica en todos los casos (10 por abordaje transperitoneal y 7 retroperitoneal). Resultados: Se realizaron biopsias perioperatorias en todos los pacientes, siendo positiva para malignidad en 10 casos (59%). La estancia media fue de 2,8 días. La media de tiempo operatorio fue de 162 min. Solo un caso se reconvertió a cirugía abierta por sangrado. Un paciente requirió transfusión sanguínea en el postoperatorio inmediato. La mayoría de complicaciones fueron Clavien-Dindo I-II. El 76,5% no presentó complicaciones. Tras un seguimiento medio de 31 meses (6-102), un paciente falleció por causa no tumoral y 12 casos (75%) siguen sin evidencia de recidiva local o progresión. Un caso presentó persistencia tumoral, por lo que fue sometido a nefrectomía parcial a los 6 meses. Un paciente presentó recidiva metacrónica en el mismo riñón a los 36 meses y otro recidivó a los 23 meses. Conclusiones: La crioterapia renal laparoscópica es una técnica segura y factible, siendo una buena alternativa a la cirugía en tumores renales seleccionados

Objective: Cryotherapy is a minimally invasive ablative technique that is considered an alternative to conventional surgery for preserving renal function in small renal tumors and in selected cases. We present our results from laparoscopic renal cryotherapy. Material and method: We retrospectively analyzed 17 renal tumors diagnosed in 16 patients treated with cryotherapy. The patients’ mean age was 66 years (43-80). The mean tumor size was 1.8 cm (0.7-3.7 cm). Cryotherapy with double-freeze cycle was performed laparoscopically in all cases (10 by transperitoneal approach and 7 by retroperitoneal approach). Results: Perioperative biopsies were performed on all patients and were positive for malignancy in 10 cases (59%). The mean stay was 2.8 days. The mean operative time was 162 minutes. Only 1 case reverted to open surgery due to bleeding. One patient required a blood transfusion in the immediate postoperative period. The majority of complications were Clavien-Dindo grades I and II. Some 76.5% of the patients had no complications. After a mean follow-up of 31 months (6-102), 1 patient died from nontumor-related causes, and 12 patients (75%) still show no evidence of local recurrence or progression. One patient had tumor persistence and therefore underwent partial nephrectomy at 6 months. One patient had a metachronous recurrence in the same kidney at 36 months, and another patient had a recurrence at 23 months. Conclusions: Laparoscopic renal cryotherapy is a safe and feasible technique and is a good alternative to surgery for selected renal tumors

Retroperitoneal and transperitoneal laparoscopic cryotherapy for small renal masses.

OBJECTIVE: Cryotherapy is a minimally invasive ablative technique that is considered an alternative to conventional surgery for preserving renal function in small renal tumors and in selected cases. We present our results from laparoscopic renal cryotherapy. MATERIAL AND METHOD: We retrospectively analyzed 17 renal tumors diagnosed in 16 patients treated with cryotherapy. The patients' mean age was 66 years (43-80). The mean tumor size was 1.8cm (0.7-3.7cm). Cryotherapy with double-freeze cycle was performed laparoscopically in all cases (10 by transperitoneal approach and 7 by retroperitoneal approach). RESULTS: Perioperative biopsies were performed on all patients and were positive for malignancy in 10 cases (59%). The mean stay was 2.8 days. The mean operative time was 162 minutes. Only 1 case reverted to open surgery due to bleeding. One patient required a blood transfusion in the immediate postoperative period. The majority of complications were Clavien-Dindo grades I and II. Some 76.5% of the patients had no complications. After a mean follow-up of 31 months (6-102), 1 patient died from nontumor-related causes, and 12 patients (75%) still show no evidence of local recurrence or progression. One patient had tumor persistence and therefore underwent partial nephrectomy at 6 months. One patient had a metachronous recurrence in the same kidney at 36 months, and another patient had a recurrence at 23 months. CONCLUSIONS: Laparoscopic renal cryotherapy is a safe and feasible technique and is a good alternative to surgery for selected renal tumors.

Effects of oral antioxidant treatment upon the dynamics of human sperm DNA fragmentation and subpopulations of sperm with highly degraded DNA.

The primary aim of this study was to determine the effect of oral antioxidant treatment (1500 mg of l-Carnitine; 60 mg of vitamin C; 20 mg of coenzyme Q10; 10 mg of vitamin E; 10 mg of zinc; 200 µg of vitamin B9; 50 µg of selenium; 1 µg of vitamin B12) during a time period of 3 months upon the dynamics of sperm DNA fragmentation following varying periods of sperm storage (0 h, 2 h, 6 h, 8 h and 24 h) at 37 °C in a cohort of 20 infertile patients diagnosed with asthenoteratozoospermia. A secondary objective was to use the sperm chromatin dispersion test (SCD) to study antioxidant effects upon a specific subpopulation of highly DNA degraded sperm (DDS). Semen parameters and pregnancy rate (PR) were also determined. Results showed a significant improvement of DNA integrity at all incubation points (P < 0.01). The proportion of DDS was also significantly reduced (P < 0.05). Semen analysis data showed a significant increase in concentration, motility, vitality and morphology parameters. Our results suggest that antioxidant treatment improves sperm quality not only in terms of key seminal parameters and basal DNA damage, but also helps to maintain DNA integrity. Prior administration of antioxidants could therefore promote better outcomes following assisted reproductive techniques.

Phase II trial of short-term neoadjuvant docetaxel and complete androgen blockade in high-risk prostate cancer.

BACKGROUND: The low probability of curing high-risk prostate cancer (PC) with local therapy suggests the need to study modality of therapeutic approaches. To this end, a prospective phase II trial of neoadjuvant docetaxel (D) and complete androgen blockade (CAB) was carried out in high-risk PC patients. The primary end point was to detect at least 10% of pCRs after chemohormonal treatment. METHODS: Patients with T1c-T2 clinical stage with prostate-specific antigen (PSA) >20 ng ml(-1) and/or Gleason score >or=7 (4+3) and T3 were included. Treatment consisted of three cycles of D 36 mg m(-2) on days 1, 8 and 15 every 28 days concomitant with CAB, followed by radical prostatectomy (RP). RESULTS: A total of 57 patients were included. Clinical stage was T1c, 11 patients (19.3%); T2, 30 (52.6%) and T3, 16 (28%) patients. Gleason score was >or=7 (4+3) in 44 (77%) patients and PSA >20 ng ml(-1) in 15 (26%) patients. Treatment was well tolerated with 51 (89.9%) patients completing neoadjuvant therapy together with RP. The rate of pCR was 6% (three patients). Three (6%) additional patients had microscopic residual tumour (near pCR) in prostate specimen. With a median follow-up of 35 months, 18 (31.6%) patients presented PSA relapse. CONCLUSION: Short-term neoadjuvant D and CAB induced a 6% pCR rate, which is close to what would be expected with ADT alone. The combination was generally well tolerated.