Unilateral nasal obstruction mediates reversible morphological and phenotypic changes in masticatory muscles of growing rats.

OBJECTIVE: Mouth breathing as a result of nasal obstruction affects craniofacial growth and development. This study aimed to investigate the effects of unilateral nasal obstruction and its recovery, along with the role of nitric oxide (NO) in masticatory muscle physiology. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Forty-eight 4-week-old male rats were divided into control and experimental groups. The five experimental groups were subjected to left-sided nasal obstruction by suturing the external nostril, and the sutures were removed after 1, 3, 5, 7, or 9 weeks to allow for varying recovery periods. We assessed morphological changes in masseter, temporalis, and digastric muscle, by examining cross-sectional area (CSA) and myosin heavy chain (MHC) isoform composition of muscle fibers. Reverse transcription-quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction to measure messenger RNA (mRNA) levels for tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), glucose transporter 4 (GLUT4), and neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS) were conducted. RESULTS: The SpO2, CSA, and fibers showing MHC-2b isoforms were significantly lower, while RT-PCR showed higher mRNA levels in TNF-α and nNOS, and a decrease in GLUT4 mRNA in the jaw-closing muscles in the long-term nasal obstruction groups than that in the control group. LIMITATIONS: The study findings should be interpreted cautiously because of the functional differences between rodents and humans in terms of respiratory mechanisms. CONCLUSIONS: Unilateral nasal obstruction affects the morphology and contractile characteristics of the rat masticatory muscles during development, with possible involvement of NO in muscle hypofunction. These changes may revert to baseline levels if the nasal obstruction is eliminated before puberty in rats.

Construction of a ruthenium-doped CoFe-layered double hydroxide as a bifunctional electrocatalyst for overall water splitting.

In this study, ruthenium-doped CoFe-based layered double hydroxides on Ni foam (CoFe-ZLDH/Ru@NF) were fabricated via an etching-precipitation strategy. The resultant CoFe-ZLDH/Ru@NF exhibited excellent activity, showing low overpotentials of 219.8 mV and 60.9 mV to reach the current density of 10 mA cm-2 for the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) and hydrogen evolution reaction (HER), respectively. As a bifunctional electrocatalyst, it was assembled in an anion exchange membrane water electrolyser (AEMWE) unit, performing as an anode and cathode simultaneously, which only required a cell voltage of 2.33 V to accomplish the industrial level current density of 1 A cm-2 and operated steadily for over 12 h, making it promising for utilization in hydrogen production.

Amorphous Oxysulfide Reconstructed from Spinel NiCo2 S4 for Efficient Water Oxidation.

The progress of effective and durable electrocatalysts for oxygen evolution reaction (OER) is urgent, which is essential to promote the overall efficiency of green hydrogen production. To improve the performance of spinel cobalt-based oxides, which serve as promising water oxidation electrocatalysts in alkaline electrolytes, most researches have been concentrated on cations modification. Here, an anionic regulation mechanism is employed to adopt sulfur(S) anion substitution to supplant NiCo2 O4 by NiCo2 S4 , which contributed to an impressive OER performance in alkali. It is revealed that the substitution of S constructs a sub-stable spinel structure that facilitates its reconstruction into active amorphous oxysulfide under OER conditions. More importantly, as the active phase in the actual reaction process, the hetero-anionic amorphous oxysulfide has an appropriately tuned electronic structure and efficient OER electrocatalytic activity. This work demonstrates a promising approach for achieving anion conditioning-based tunable structure reconstruction for robust and easy preparation spinel oxide OER electrocatalysts.

The survival, complications and prognosis of the extremely preterm infants / 中国新生儿科杂志

Objective:To study the complications and prognosis of extremely premature infants(EPIs) with gestational age (GA) <28 w.Methods:From January 2016 to December 2020, EPIs with GA <28 w admitted to NICU of our hospital were retrospectively studied. Clinical data of the infants and their mothers during pregnancy were reviewed. According to the prognosis, the infants were assigned into the survival group, the death group and the withdrawal group. According to GA, the infants were assigned into <26 w goup, 26~26 +6 w group, ≥27 w group. According to birth weight (BW), the infants were assigned in to ≤750 g group, 750~999 g group and ≥1 000 g group. SPSS 26.0 was used for data analysis. Results:A total of 265 EPIs were included, 122 (46.0%) in the survival group, 47 (17.7%) in the death group and 96 (36.2%) in the withdrawal group. GA and BW of the survival group were significantly higher than the death group and the withdrawal group ( P<0.05). The incidences of tracheal intubation (92.2%) and pulmonary hemorrhage (42.2%) in the death group were the highest among the three groups. The survival group had the highest application of prenatal glucocorticoids (80.3%) and pulmonary surfactants (99.2%) ( P<0.05). In the survival group, the top 3 common complications were bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) (68.0%), pulmonary infections (65.6%) and neonatal sepsis (34.4%). The survival rate increased with GA and BW. Conclusions:The survival rate of EPIs is closely correlated with GA and BW. EPIs with pulmonary hemorrhage and tracheal intubation have poor prognosis. Prenatal glucocorticoids and pulmonary surfactant may improve clinical outcome. BPD and pulmonary infections are common complications of surviving EPIs.

Summary of the 2021 Annual Academic Conference of the Chinese Burn Association / 中华烧伤杂志

Organized by the Chinese Medical Association and the Chinese Burn Association, hosted by the Hainan Medical Association and Hainan Provincial People's Hospital, and co-sponsored by the Chinese Journal of Burns (Chinese Journal of Burns and Wounds), Chinese Journal of Injury Repair and Wound Healing (Electronic Edition), and Burns & Trauma, the 2021 Annual Academic Conference of the Chinese Burn Association was held in beautiful Haikou from December 14 to 16, 2021. The conference continued to focus on the guiding principle of "One China, One Standard" and followed the tenet of "precise, homogeneous, and comfortable treatment" for burns. The conference received a total of 1 638 submissions, 296 electronic posters, 891 online and offline registered delegates, and nearly 750 offline attendees. The conference focused on the theme, adopting a variety of novel forms to discuss the key issues in burn field, including academician and committee director forum, doctor-nurse-rehabilitation therapist combined case competition, discipline development forum, and workshop, recording and broadcasting of surgical operations. The atmosphere was warm in the conference site.

Clinical effects of autologous follicular unit extraction transplantation in the treatment of small area secondary cicatricial alopecia after burns / 中华烧伤杂志

Objective: To explore the clinical effects of autologous follicular unit extraction (FUE) transplantation in the treatment of small area secondary cicatricial alopecia (hereinafter referred to as cicatricial alopecia) after burns. Methods: A retrospective observational study was carried out. According to the adopted treatment methods, 18 patients (12 males and 6 females, aged (29±6) years) who received autologous FUE transplantation for small area cicatricial alopecia after burns from March 2017 to November 2019 in the First Affiliated Hospital of Air Force Medical University were included in FUE transplantation group, and 18 patients (13 males and 5 females, aged (33±5) years) who were treated with expanded flap transplantation for small area cicatricial alopecia after burns by the same surgery team during the same period in the same hospital were included in expanded flap transplantation group. All the patients were followed up for more than 1 year. At the last follow-up, the follicular unit density in the transplanted area was measured by Folliscope hair detection system and the hair survival rate was calculated; the visual analogue scale (VAS) method was adopted to evaluate the treatment effect; patients were asked their satisfaction with the treatment effect and the occurrence of complications during follow-up; the hair growth and the scalp thickness, pain, pruritus, pigmentation, and surface roughness of the transplanted area were recorded. Data were statistically analyzed with Fisher's exact probability test and independent sample t test. Results: At the last follow-up, the follicular unit density in the transplanted area of patients in FUE transplantation group was (46.8±2.0)/cm2, which was significantly higher than (42.5±4.3)/cm2 in expanded flap transplantation group (t=3.84, P<0.01); the hair survival rates of patients were similar between the two groups (P>0.05). At the last follow-up, VAS scores evaluating the treatment effect of patients were similar between the two groups (P>0.05); the satisfaction score of patients toward the treatment effect in FUE transplantation group was 8.6±1.1, which was significantly higher than 7.6±0.8 in expanded flap transplantation group (t=2.89, P<0.01). During the follow-up, no inflammation or infection occurred in patients of the two groups, but only 2 patients in expanded flap transplantation group had postoperative pain. At the last follow-up, the transplanted area of patients in the two groups was covered with new hair, and the hair growth direction was basically consistent with the surrounding normal hair; scalp thickness, pain, pruritus, pigmentation, and surface roughness of the transplanted area of patients were similar between the two groups (P>0.05). Conclusions: Autologous FUE transplantation has better long-term follicular unit density and patients' satisfaction than expanded flap transplantation in the treatment of small area cicatricial alopecia after burns, showing better postoperative effect and a good prospect of clinical application.

Five-year clinical outcomes of patients with in-stent chronic total occlusion undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention / 中华心血管病杂志

Objective: To evaluate the safety and long-term clinical efficacy of percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in patients with in-stent chronic total occlusion (IS-CTO) lesions. Metheds: This is a retrospective analysis. Patients with IS-CTO who underwent PCI in Fuwai hospital from January 2010 to December 2013 were enrolled. A total of 212 patients who met the inclusion criteria were included in the IS-CTO group, 212 matched patients with primary CTO lesions were included in the de novo CTO group. The incidence of complications and the success rate of PCI were compared between the two groups. Successful PCI was defined as successfully implantation of stent(s) at target CTO lesions. The primary endpoint was defined as a composite event of cardiac death and myocardial infarction (MI). Secondary endpoints including PCI success, all-cause death, cardiac death, MI, target vessel related MI, revascularization, target vessel revascularization, heart failure for rehospitalization. The patients were followed up for 5 years after PCI. Results: A total of 424 cases were included. The mean age was (57.8±10.5) years, there were 364 males in this cohort. The left ventricular ejection fraction was significantly lower ((58.7±9.2)% vs. (61.0±7.7)%, P=0.01) and the SYNTAX scores was significantly higher (19.4±8.3 vs. 15.3±10.0, P<0.01) in IS-CTO group than that in de novo CTO group. The proportion of patients with target CTO lesions in left anterior descending artery was significantly higher (42.9% (50/212) vs. 23.6% (91/212), P<0.01) in IS-CTO group than that in de novo CTO group. The rate of successful PCI (71.7% (152/212) vs. 69.8% (148/212), P=0.70) and complication (40.6% (86/212) vs. 36.3% (77/212), P=0.37) was similar between the two groups. The incidence of primary endpoint at 5 years was significantly higher in IS-CTO group (10.8% (23/212) vs. 4.7% (10/212), P=0.02), which was driven by higher incidence of MI (9.0% (19/212) vs. 4.2% (9/212), P=0.05). There were a trend of higher secondary endpoints in IS-CTO group (all P>0.05). Conclusion: The safety and effectiveness of PCI are acceptable in patients with IS-CTO, but the risk of long-term cardiac death and MI is higher among patients with IS-CTO as compared to patients with primary CTO lesions.

Influence of the nasolabial subunit on visual sensitivity: a preliminary study / 中华医学美学美容杂志

Objective:To explore the sensitivity of the normal population to nasolabial subunits.Methods:From 2016 to 2017, we took frontal photos of 25 (20 to 40 years old) people with basically normal nasolabial subunits in West China Hospital of Stomatology. The lip subunits were adjusted at 1.1, 1.2, and 1.3 times magnification or translation to obtain photos of different degrees of malformation of the nasal and lip subunits. A total of 189 young healthy people [96 males, 93 females; age (20.00±1.32) years old] without correction surgery and no maxillofacial deformities were selected to judge the facial aesthetic visual effect of their vision on the nasolabial subunit.Results:The peak sensitivity of nasolabial subunits is the nostril symmetry and columella deviation followed by lip symmetry.Conclusions:Young healthy people have high aesthetic visual effects on nostril symmetry and nasal column translation facial translation, average facial visual effects on lip symmetry and the lowest facial aesthetic visual effects on lip peak symmetry.

Summary of the 15th Syposium on Chinese Burn Medicine and the 2nd Congress of Burn Medicine Branch of China International Exchange and Promotion Association for Medical and Healthcare / 中华烧伤杂志

The 15th Syposium on Chinese Burn Medicine and the 2nd Congress of Burn Medicine Branch of China International Exchange and Promotion Association for Medical and Healthcare (CPAM) was successfully held in Suzhou, from June 20th to 22th in 2019. A total of 400 specialists and scholars across the country attended the meeting. Focusing on the theme of " Guide and consensus: exploration and consideration " , with form of one main meeting place and two branch meeting places, the related hot and difficult problems were discussed warmly. During the conference, Working Conference of Editorial Committee of Chinese Journal of Burns, Standing Committee of the Chinese Burn Association, and the Congress of Burn Medicine Branch of CPAM were held.

Summary of the 2019 Academic Annual Meeting of the Chinese Burn Association / 中华烧伤杂志

The 2019 Academic Annual Meeting of the Chinese Burn Association, sponsored by the Chinese Medical Association and the Chinese Burn Association, was successfully held in Zhuhai, Guangdong province, from November 6th to 9th, 2019. The theme of this conference was " One China, One Standard--Data Standardization and Construction of National Burn Data Platform" . A total of 2 305 submissions and 1 749 e-posters were received, and 1 097 registered representatives, nearly 2 000 representatives from 9 countries and regions attended the meeting. Focusing on the theme of this conference, a variety of novel forms were adopted such as teaching contest of young surgeons, multi-disciplinary discussion, workshop, and surgery live broadcast on hot issues in key areas of burns. Besides, with the focus on humanistic care and innovation, a multi-disciplinary discussion was warmly conducted. The 2020 academic annual conference is scheduled to be held in Nanchang, China.

Advances in the research of poststernotomy dehiscence and repair with tissue flap transplantation / 中华烧伤杂志

Sternotomy is a routine surgical pathway for heart, lung, and mediastinal surgery. Poststernotomy dehiscence is a common complication of sternotomy, in which infection after poststernotomy dehiscence is one of the most serious postoperative complications in cardiothoracic surgery. Previously, conventional dressing, negative pressure wound therapy, and skin stretching device were used in the treatment of poststernotomy dehiscence, but the outcome of each single method was poor, which caused great pain and burden to the patients and their families. In recent years, tissue flap containing rich blood supply has drawn a lot of attention because of its good wound cover, stable thoracic reconstruction, low infection recurrence rate, and less postoperative complication. In this paper, we reviewed the epidemiological characteristics of poststernotomy dehiscence, and summarized the various classifications for poststernotomy dehiscence and the therapeutic effects of different tissue flap repair. We hope that this review would provide a basis for further construction of the treatment system for poststernotomy dehiscence and the formation of a treatment guideline.

An Autonomous Connectivity Restoration Algorithm Based on Finite State Machine for Wireless Sensor-Actor Networks.

With the development of autonomous unmanned intelligent systems, such as the unmanned boats, unmanned planes and autonomous underwater vehicles, studies on Wireless Sensor-Actor Networks (WSANs) have attracted more attention. Network connectivity algorithms play an important role in data exchange, collaborative detection and information fusion. Due to the harsh application environment, abnormal nodes often appear, and the network connectivity will be prone to be lost. Network self-healing mechanisms have become critical for these systems. In order to decrease the movement overhead of the sensor-actor nodes, an autonomous connectivity restoration algorithm based on finite state machine is proposed. The idea is to identify whether a node is a critical node by using a finite state machine, and update the connected dominating set in a timely way. If an abnormal node is a critical node, the nearest non-critical node will be relocated to replace the abnormal node. In the case of multiple node abnormality, a regional network restoration algorithm is introduced. It is designed to reduce the overhead of node movements while restoration happens. Simulation results indicate the proposed algorithm has better performance on the total moving distance and the number of total relocated nodes compared with some other representative restoration algorithms.

Summary of the 2018 Academic Annual Meeting of the Chinese Burn Association / 中华烧伤杂志

The 2018 Academic Annual Meeting of the Chinese Burn Association, sponsored by the Chinese Medical Association and the Chinese Burn Association, was successfully held in Fuzhou, Fujian Province, from October 24th to 27th. The theme of this conference is " One China, One Standard". A total of 1, 798 submissions were received, and 1, 060 registered representatives, more than 2, 000 representatives from 9 countries and regions attended the meeting. Focusing on the theme of " One China, One Standard" , the conference adopted a variety of innovative forms such as academic debate, live surgery, BBS on both sides of the straits, award selection, and so on to provide participants with multiple ways for exchange on the professional hot issues in the key areas of burns. The atmosphere of the conference was warm. The 2019 annual academic conference is scheduled to be held in Zhuhai, China.

Clinical study of early application of toe flap to repair thumb damaged electrical burns / 中国医师杂志

Objective To study the surgery effect on early application of toe flap to repair thumb severe electric bum.Methods From July 2007 to October 2017,a total of 25 cases of thumb severe electric burn were repaired by thumb toe flap grafting.The function of the finger after operation was evaluated comprehensively,and the effect of 72 hours before and after the injury was compared.Results All the flaps survived and the finger function was excellent.The excellent and good rate of 25 cases was 72％.The excellent and good rate of 72 hours before and after injury were 85.7％ and 54.5％ respectively.5 cases had bad wound complications after operation.1 cases were operated within 72 hours after injury,and 4 cases were operated after 72 hours.Conclusions The early application of toe flap to repair severe electric bum thumb can maximize the recovery of function of the thumb.The earlier the operation,the fewer complications,the better the repair effect.

The compare of stiffness reduction and functional improvements between early passive motion and delayed passive motion in patients undergoing arthroscopic rotator cuff repair / 实用医学杂志

Objective To compare the effects of early passive motion(EPM)and delayed passive motion (DPM)on joint range of motion(ROM),joint function and recurrent tears after arthroscopic rotator cuff repair. Methods A total of 84 cases with middle or large rotator cuff injury were randomly divided into EPM group(43 cases)and DPM group(41 cases). EPM group began shoulder rehabilitation exercise on the first day post-opera-tion and DPM group began 6 weeks later. ROM,pain and function of shoulder joint were evaluated before and 3,6 and 12 months after operation. Results ASES score and UCLA score in EPM group were significantly higher than those in DPM group at 3 months postoperatively(P < 0.05). There was no significant difference in joint ROM,pain and functional between two groups at 6 months and 12 months postoperatively(P > 0.05). There was no statistically significant difference in recurrent tears between two groups at least 12 months follow-up. Conclusion There was no significant difference in functional outcomes,ROM and relative risks of recurrent tears between EPM and DPM in patients undergoing arthroscopic rotator cuff repairs. EPM is conducive to joint ROM and function rapid recovery postoperatively and does not increase the risks of recurrent tears.

Intraoperative placement of transnasal small intestinal feeding tube during the surgery in 5 cases with high position intestinal obstruction and postoperative feeding / 中华儿科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore the value of employing the small intestinal feeding tube in treating high position intestinal obstruction of newborn infant.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>Five newborn infants (3 males and 2 females; 1 premature infant and 4 fully-mature infants; 2 had membranous atresia of duodenum, 1 had annular pancreas, and 2 had proximal small intestine atresia; 1 infant had malrotation). The duodenal membrane-like atresia and the blind-end of small intestine were removed and intestinal anastomosis was performed, which was combined with intestinal malrotation removal. Before the intestinal anastomosis surgery, the anesthetist inserted via nose a 6Fr small intestinal ED tube, made by CREATE MEDIC CO LTD of Japan[</p><p><b>REGISTRATION NUMBER</b>the State Food and Drug Administration-instrument (Im.) 2007-NO.2661620]. Twenty-four hours after surgery, abdominal X-ray plain film was taken and patients were fed with syrup; 48 hours later, formula milk was pumped or lactose-free milk amino acids were given by intravenous injection pump through the feeding tube. The amount of milk and fluids was gradually increased to normal amount according to the condition. In initial 3 days the intravenous nutrition was given and one week after operation, the infants were fed through mouth in addition to pumping milk through the tube and stopped infusion. Ten to 22 days after operation, the tube was removed and the infant patients were discharged.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>All the five infants showed that the feeding through the nutrition tube was accomplished and the time of venous nutrition was reduced and fistula operation was avoided. None of the infants on question was off the tube and no jaundice exacerbation was found and the liver function was also found normal. At the very beginning, the tube was occasionally blocked by milk vale in one infant and after 0.9% sodium chloride solution flushing patency restored. After that, the feeding tube was washed once with warm water after feeding. In one infant vomiting occurred due to enough oral milk. The photograph of upper gastrointestine did not show anastomomotic stricture or fistula, or intestinal obstruction. After pulling out the tube, the symptoms disappeared and then the patient was discharged. One child was found to have diarrhea with no lactose nutrition liquid and given compound lactic bacteria preparations for oral administration, the symptom disappeared. In the 5 cases, the shortest hospital stay was 10 days and the longest was 22 days, the average stay was 16 days. Three to 5 days after operation the weight restored to birth weight, the weight had increased, when discharged, to an average of 5.5 g (kg·d).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The small intestinal feeding tube was very effective for the postoperative nutrition maintenance of high position intestinal obstruction in newborn infants.</p>

Effects of interferon-gamma on the transforming growth factor beta/Smad pathway in keloid-derived fibroblasts / 中华烧伤杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To elucidate the effects of interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) on the transforming growth factor beta (TGF-beta)/Smad pathway in keloid-derived fibroblasts (KFb), and to investigate the underlying mechanism in the treatment of pathologic scar with IFN-gamma.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Keloid tissue of 3 patients were obtained, and then KFb were separated and cultured in vitro. KFb from passages 3 to 5 were used for the study. (1) KFb were divided into control group (incubated with serum-free DMEM), TGF-beta(1) group (treated with 10 ng/mL TGF-beta(1)), IFN-gamma group (treated with 100 ng/mL IFN-gamma), and TGF-beta(1)+IFN-gamma group (incubated with 10 ng/mL TGF-beta(1) combined with 100 ng/mL IFN-gamma). The expression level of mRNA and protein of connective tissue growth factor (CTGF), alpha smooth muscle actin (alpha-SMA) protein and expression of alpha-SMA positive KFb were detected by real-time fluorescent quantitation RT-PCR (FQ-RT-PCR), Western blot and immunofluorescence cytochemical staining. (2) Another sample of KFb was obtained and treated with 10 ng/mL IFN-gamma. The expression level of Smad 3 and Smad 7 protein was detected by Western blot before and 1, 2, 4, 6, 8 h post stimulation (PSH). The expression level of Smad 3 and Smad 7 mRNA was assessed by FQ-RT-PCR before stimulation and 30 mins post stimulation and at PSH, 1, 2, 4, 6, 8. (3) Another sample of KFb was obtained and divided into 1, 10 and 100 ng/mL IFN-gamma groups based on the concentration of IFN-gamma, treated for 4 hours; KFb without IFN-gamma treatment was set up as control group. The expression levels of the protein and mRNA of Smad 3 and Smad 7 were measured by FQ-RT-PCR and Western blot.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>(1) The level of mRNA and protein of CTGF in IFN-gamma group (0.017 +/- 0.009 and 1.198 +/- 0.004) was respectively lower than that in control group (0.024 +/- 0.013 and 1.229 +/- 0.011, P < 0.05). The level of mRNA and protein of CTGF in TGF-beta(1)+IFN-gamma group (0.634 +/- 0.138 and 1.204 +/- 0.010) was respectively lower than that in TGF-beta(1) group (1.331 +/- 0.298 and 1.727 +/- 0.004, P < 0.01). The fluorescence intensity of alpha-SMA positive KFb (0.922 +/- 0.059) and the expression level of alpha-SMA protein (0.3051 +/- 0.0031) in IFN-gamma group decreased significantly than those in control group (1.055 +/- 0.005 and 0.4513 +/- 0.0094, P < 0.01). The fluorescence intensity of alpha-SMA positive KFb (1.129 +/- 0.004) and the expression level of alpha-SMA protein (0.6734 +/- 0.0098) in TGF-beta(1)+IFN-gamma group decreased significantly than those in TGF-beta(1) group (1.270 +/- 0.005 and 1.3842 +/- 0.0024, P < 0.01). (2) The expression level of Smad 3 mRNA and protein at the first time point after IFN-gamma treatment increased temporarily then decreased gradually, and mRNA expression level reached the nadir at PSH 4, it rose gradually later, though it was still lower at PSH 8 than that before treatment (P < 0.01); protein expression level at PSH 8 was significantly lower than that before treatment (P < 0.01). The expression level of Smad 7 mRNA and protein increased gradually to the maximum at PSH 2 and 4 respectively, then decreased but was still higher at PSH 8 than that before treatment (P < 0.05). (3) Compared with those in control group, the expression levels of Smad 3 mRNA and protein in 1, 10 and 100 ng/mL IFN-gamma group were significantly lower, the expression levels of Smad 7 mRNA and protein were significantly higher (P < 0.05 or P < 0.01). The higher concentration of IFN-gamma, the more significant differences were observed.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>IFN-gamma can down-regulate the expression of Smad 3 while up-regulate the expression of Smad 7 in a time- and dose-dependent manner, and reduce the expression level of CTGF and alpha-SMA in the basic state or induced by TGF-beta(1), which shows a significant inhibitory effect on the TGF-beta/Smad signal pathway. This may be an important mechanism in the treatment of pathologic scar by IFN-gamma.</p>

Application of lavation and drainage with continuous negative pressure in the debridement of diabetic foot complicated by plantar abscess / 中华烧伤杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the feasibility of debridement at early stage by combining lavation and drainage under continuous negative pressure in the limb salvage surgery of patients suffering from diabetic foot complicated by plantar abscess.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Ten patients suffering from diabetic foot (10 feet affected) combined with plantar abscess were involved. After being debrided, wounds of patients were lavaged and drained for 7 - 14 ds under continuous negative pressure through a detained stomach tube. Suction under negative pressure continued for 3 - 5 ds after lavation, and then drainage tube was removed. Stitches on wound were removed about 3 weeks after surgery. The condition of the wounds was observed.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>After above-mentioned treatment, local inflammatory response of patients was obviously ameliorated, and the wounds healed with satisfactory preservation of function and shape of the feet.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Debridement combined with local lavation and drainage under continuous negative pressure is satisfactory for the treatment of diabetic foot complicated by plantar abscess, and it can preserve the length of the affected limb.</p>

Identification and Analysis of Afe0329 Transcripton Relative to Copper Homeostasis in Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans / 微生物学通报

With reverse transcriptase PCR, the transcripton of copper homeostasis relative gene Afe0329 in Acidithiobacillus ferrooxians standard strain ATCC23270 was investigated. The further analysis of genes in this transcripton was analyzed employed by Vector NTI, Blast, TMHMM Server, PSORTb software and so on. From the DNA of different strains, the transcripton of Afe0329 was amplified using special primer pairs to identify the universality of it in the genome of A.ferrooxidans strains. The results showed that gene Afe0330 and Afe0331 were cotranscribed with Afe0329, and they were in a single transcripton. Gene Afe0329 was supported to express a P1b3-type ATPase which is a heavy metal ion pumping transmembrane protein, protein AFE0330 which expressed by gene Afe0330 was a cytoplasmic protein, no significant ho- mologous sequences of Afe0330 or Afe0331 had been obtained by Blast analysis. And the transcripton of Afe0329 was universal in genome of A. ferrooxidans strains.

Influence of different thawing temperature on the morphology and type I collagen metabolism of the human fibroblasts processed at - 10 degrees C in vitro / 中华烧伤杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore the influence of different thawing temperatures on the morphology and type I collagen metabolism of the human fibroblasts processed at - 10 degrees C in vitro.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>In vitro cultured human fibroblasts were randomly divided into control, 20 degrees C thawing, and 37 degrees C thawing groups. After being frozen at -10 degrees C, the cells in the latter two groups were thawed at 20 degrees C and 37 degrees C, respectively. The cell proliferation was assessed with MTT method and was expressed by absorption under 570nm (A ), The morphological change of the cells was observed with inverted phase contrast microscope, the change in the intracellular content of collagen was determined with immunohistochemistry, and the extracellular content of collagen was assayed with ELISA.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>In 20 degrees C thawing group, the absorbance decreased at first and increased thereafter, and they were obviously lower than that before freezing (0.95 +/- 0.16, P < 0.05 or 0.01). Cell dehydration and shrinking, cytoplasm loss and increased ratio of cytoplasm to nucleus were found in the survived fibroblasts. The cells proliferated actively at 72 and 96 hours after injury, with increased mitotic index and disordered arrangement. Compared with that before freezing (96.4 +/- 2.9) , the extracellular collagen content increased at first, decreased thereafter, and increased again slowly later (P < 0.05), while the intracellular collagen content decreased at first and increased thereafter (P < 0.05). The collagen metabolism in 37 degrees C thawing group was no difference compared with that in control group. Some cells undergone a floating period before adhering to the culture dish walls.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Cell dehydration after low temperature treatment could protect the cells from damage. Proper thawing temperature could be beneficial to the cell resuscitation. Comparing with slow thawing, rapid thawing could minimize the cell damage.</p>