International cancer seminars: a focus on esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.

The International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) and the US National Cancer Institute (NCI) have initiated a series of cancer-focused seminars [Scelo G, Hofmann JN, Banks RE et al. International cancer seminars: a focus on kidney cancer. Ann Oncol 2016; 27(8): 1382-1385]. In this, the second seminar, IARC and NCI convened a workshop in order to examine the state of the current science on esophageal squamous cell carcinoma etiology, genetics, early detection, treatment, and palliation, was reviewed to identify the most critical open research questions. The results of these discussions were summarized by formulating a series of 'difficult questions', which should inform and prioritize future research efforts.

Risk Factors for Lung Cancer Mortality in a Referral Center.

BACKGROUND: Lung cancer is one of the most common causes of death that is rising in many countries including Iran. This study aimed to determine the impact of factors on survival of lung cancer patients at a referral center of lung diseases in Tehran, Iran. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A retrospective study was conducted on adult lung cancer cases admitted to a referral center for lung diseases from 2011 to 2015. Multivariate analysis was performed to determine the risk factors for all-cause mortality. RESULTS: Of a total 933 patients with lung cancer, 53.4% died, 49.3% of them at the hospital. Overall median follow-up time was 7 months. The most common histological type of cancer was adenocarcinoma with a 13 month median survival time. Age ≥55 and smoking remained significant for all-cause mortality on Cox analysis, whereas gender was not. CONCLUSIONS: The survival of lung cancer patients is poor and the patients with history of smoking and age ≥55 are at increased risk of death. Having a large hospital-based registry provides a good measurement of prognostic statistics for lung cancer. Further investigations are necessary to establish reasons for mortality.

Influence of neurofeedback in improving the deaf students' reading after cochlear implantation.

The target of this investigation was to determine the effectiveness of neurofeedback in promoting reading in deaf kids after cochlear implantation. This research was an analytical example of 8 kids (5 sons and three girls) grown 8-14 years old by an IQ of eighty, based on Wechsler exam scheduled on the student's list. Next recognizing the students according to specific standards, parents and their kid engaged in the research, which happened in Ava square in Ilam, and, afterward heard the stories about the way they could manage the trade themselves. No past of seizure disorders, epilepsy and brain trauma was recorded. No past of seizure disorders, epilepsy and brain trauma was recorded. The cochlear implant was done in 18 months and highest twenty-four months. The members were randomly split into a test collection and a check collection. The experimental group got neurofeedback therapy for twenty sessions of forty minutes any (3 sessions by week). The means used in this research were a demographic questionnaire (which covered data such as age, degree, and IQ), a reading disorder test, and the neurofeedback devices. The capability to read the neurofeedback collection recorded that the reading problems in the experimental group were lower. Also, the functional groups, relocation, replacement and reverse readings improved.

Thermal properties of the stationary current in mesoporous Pt/TiO2 structures in an oxyhydrogen atmosphere.

We report on the effect of temperature on the electric current induced in the mesoporous Pt/TiO2 structure by the room temperature surface chemical reaction of hydrogen and oxygen,13,14 which helps to unveil the physical origin of this current and the related electromotive force (chemi-EMF). We found that the temperature dependence of this reaction current has a clear multipeak structure, suggesting that at least two distinct processes contribute to the current generation. We suggest that the output current represents the interplay of both chemical and electrical processes, evidenced by the metastability of the room temperature reaction and by matching one of the current peaks with a water desorption peak for TiO2.

Pulmonary arteriovenous fistulas. Case presentations and clinical recognition.

This report describes characteristic features and clinical presentation of six young patients (ranging in age from five to 25 years) with various congenital forms of pulmonary arteriovenous fistulas as well as one 21-year old patient with traumatic intrapulmonary arteriovenous fistula. The former six patients were cyanotic, had clubbing of the digits and exertional dyspnea; two, additionally, had telangiectasia. All patients underwent cardiac catheterization and pulmonary angiography. None had pulmonary hypertension. Angiographically, four had diffuse arteriovenous fistulas in both lungs (Figures 1 and 3 to 5) and two had arteriovenous fistulas localized in one pulmonary segment. Four patients were additionally studied with radionuclide angiography and pulmonary perfusion scintigraphy. In three of these, substantial right-to-left shunt in the region of the lungs was detected; the diagnosis could not be established in only one of the latter with a small traumatic intrapulmonary arteriovenous shunt of less than 10%. While noninvasive methods provide adjunctive diagnostic support, pulmonary angiography is still required to assess, with certainty, the nature and localization of the lesion. In cyanotic patients with no evidence of cardiac disease, differential diagnostic consideration should be given to pulmonary arteriovenous fistulas.