RESUMO
BACKGROUND: Specialized methods are necessary to collect data from migrant farmworkers for epidemiologic research. METHODS: We developed a questionnaire that collected lifetime occupational histories and other lifestyle risk factors via a life events/icon calendar, and administered the questionnaire to a convenience sample of 162 migrant farmworkers in nine areas of the U.S. RESULTS: The average duration of the interviews was about 1 h 30 min, with an average of 45 min for the work history section. The occupational histories covered a median of 27.6 years per person for men and 20.8 years per person for women. The median number of years spent in farm jobs was 11.3 for men and 5.8 for women. The median number of farm jobs (crop/task combination) per person was 59 among men and 27 among women. Many farmworkers performed the same crop/task combinations at multiple times throughout their lives, yielding a median of 13 unique farm jobs and 8 unique crops among men and 7 jobs and 5 crops among women. CONCLUSIONS: The project demonstrated that it is feasible to collect detailed work histories and other risk factor data from farmworkers, documented the complexity of work histories encountered among farmworkers, and yielded recommendations for refining a questionnaire that will facilitate future epidemiologic research on farmworkers.
Assuntos
Agricultura/estatística & dados numéricos , Emprego/estatística & dados numéricos , Projetos de Pesquisa Epidemiológica , Inquéritos e Questionários , Migrantes/estatística & dados numéricos , Adolescente , Adulto , Idoso , Estudos de Viabilidade , Feminino , Hispânico ou Latino/estatística & dados numéricos , Humanos , Estilo de Vida , Masculino , Rememoração Mental , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Projetos Piloto , Fatores de Risco , Estados UnidosRESUMO
A total of 109 male patients with acute transmural myocardial infarction (MI) were studied. 26 patients received a dose of acetylsalicylic acid (aspirin, ASA) 500 mg/d and 29 patients of 50 mg/d. 27 patients were given diclofenac (25 mg/d). 27 patients received no antiplatelet therapy. We observed thrombocyte hyperaggregation on the 1st MI day, a rapid increase in platelet activity by the 7th day and a considerable decrease in platelet aggregation during the 3rd and 4th weeks of illness in the group without antiaggregative treatment. The present study clearly demonstrated high antiaggregatory efficacy of ASA in dose of 50 mg/d which was significantly higher than that in daily dose of 500 mg ASA. Low-dose aspirin had fewer side-effects than aspirin 500 mg/d. However, although daily dose of 50 mg aspirin significantly inhibited platelet hyperaggregation on 7th day of MI, the hyperactivity of thrombocytes was not abolished. Diclofenac 25 mg daily had only a moderate antiaggregative efficacy in acute MI patients.
Assuntos
Aspirina/uso terapêutico , Diclofenaco/uso terapêutico , Infarto do Miocárdio/tratamento farmacológico , Agregação Plaquetária/efeitos dos fármacos , Adulto , Idoso , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Infarto do Miocárdio/sangueRESUMO
A selected group of 12 breast-fed infants were studied for insensible weight loss over the first year life. The method used to determine the insensible weight loss was non-invasive and based on a computerized weighing system. Findings indicate that the insensible weight loss in a one-year-old child reaches 36% of the average insensible weight loss reached in adulthood (360 g/day). Furthermore, the insensible weight loss (g/h/kg) was constant at about 1.9 g per kilogram per hour over the first year of life. Insensible weight loss contains two components, insensible water loss (92%) and metabolic losses (8%).
