SARS-CoV-2 testing and COVID-19-related primary care use among people with citizenship, permanent residency, and temporary immigration status: an analysis of population-based administrative data in British Columbia.

OBJECTIVES: Having temporary immigration status affords limited rights, workplace protections, and access to services. There is not yet research data on impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic for people with temporary immigration status in Canada. METHODS: We use linked administrative data to describe SARS-CoV-2 testing, positive tests, and COVID-19 primary care service use in British Columbia from January 1, 2020 to July 31, 2021, stratified by immigration status (citizen, permanent resident, temporary resident). We plot the rates of people tested and confirmed positive for COVID-19 by week from April 19, 2020 to July 31, 2021 across immigration groups. We use logistic regression to estimate adjusted odds ratios of a positive SARS-CoV-2 test, access to testing, and primary care among people with temporary status or permanent residency, compared with people who hold citizenship. RESULTS: A total of 4,146,593 people with citizenship, 914,089 people with permanent residency, and 212,215 people with temporary status were included. Among people with temporary status, 52.1% had "male" administrative sex and 74.4% were ages 20-39, compared with 50.1% and 24.4% respectively among those with citizenship. Of people with temporary status, 4.9% tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 over this period, compared with 4.0% among people with permanent residency and 2.1% among people with citizenship. Adjusted odds of a positive SARS-CoV-2 test among people with temporary status were almost 50% higher (aOR 1.42, 95% CI 1.39, 1.45), despite having half the odds of access to testing (aOR 0.53, 95% CI 0.53, 0.54) and primary care (aOR 0.50, 95% CI 0.49, 0.52). CONCLUSION: Interwoven immigration, health, and occupational policies place people with temporary status in circumstances of precarity and higher health risk. Reducing precarity accompanying temporary status, including regularization pathways, and decoupling access to health care from immigration status can address health inequities.

RéSUMé: OBJECTIFS: Le statut d'immigration temporaire confère des droits, des mesures de protection au travail et un accès aux services limités. Il n'y a pas encore de données de recherche sur les impacts de la pandémie de COVID-19 chez les personnes ayant un statut d'immigration temporaire au Canada. MéTHODE: Nous utilisons des données administratives maillées pour décrire le dépistage du SRAS-CoV-2, les tests positifs et l'utilisation des services de soins de première ligne liés à la COVID-19 en Colombie-Britannique entre le 1er janvier 2020 et le 31 juillet 2021, stratifiées selon le statut d'immigration (citoyenneté, résidence permanente, résidence temporaire). Nous reportons sur des graphiques les taux hebdomadaires de personnes testées et confirmées positives pour la COVID-19 entre le 19 avril 2020 et le 31 juillet 2021 dans les groupes d'immigration. Nous utilisons la régression logistique pour estimer les rapports de cotes ajustés d'un test positif pour le SRAS-CoV-2, de l'accès au dépistage et de l'accès aux soins primaires chez les personnes ayant le statut de résidents temporaires ou permanents comparativement aux personnes ayant la citoyenneté canadienne. RéSULTATS: En tout, 4 146 593 citoyens, 914 089 résidents permanents et 212 215 résidents temporaires ont été inclus. Chez les personnes ayant le statut de résidents temporaires, 52,1 % étaient de sexe administratif « masculin ¼ et 74,4 % avaient entre 20 et 39 ans, contre 50,1 % et 24,4 % respectivement chez les personnes ayant la citoyenneté. Chez les résidents temporaires, 4,9 % avaient obtenu un test positif pour le SRAS-CoV-2 au cours de la période de l'étude, contre 4 % chez les résidents permanents et 2,1 % chez les citoyens. La probabilité ajustée d'un test positif pour le SRAS-CoV-2 chez les personnes ayant le statut de résidents temporaires était près de 50 % plus élevée (RCa 1,42, IC de 95 % 1,39, 1,45), même si leurs probabilités d'accès au dépistage (RCa 0,53, IC de 95 % 0,53, 0,54) et aux soins primaires (RCa 0,50, IC de 95 % 0,49, 0,52) étaient moitié moindres. CONCLUSION: La conjugaison des politiques d'immigration, de santé et de main-d'œuvre met les personnes ayant le statut de résidents temporaires en situation de précarité et de risques accrus pour la santé. La réduction de la précarité qui accompagne le statut temporaire, dont les voies de régularisation, et le découplage entre l'accès aux soins de santé et le statut d'immigration pourraient répondre aux iniquités en santé.

Aeroallergens in Canada: Distribution, Public Health Impacts, and Opportunities for Prevention.

Aeroallergens occur naturally in the environment and are widely dispersed across Canada, yet their public health implications are not well-understood. This review intends to provide a scientific and public health-oriented perspective on aeroallergens in Canada: their distribution, health impacts, and new developments including the effects of climate change and the potential role of aeroallergens in the development of allergies and asthma. The review also describes anthropogenic effects on plant distribution and diversity, and how aeroallergens interact with other environmental elements, such as air pollution and weather events. Increased understanding of the relationships between aeroallergens and health will enhance our ability to provide accurate information, improve preventive measures and provide timely treatments for affected populations.

Análisis mono-intitucional de pacientes con cáncer de cuello uterino tratadas con cirugía de wertheim meigs / Mono-intitutional analysis of patients with cervical cancer treated with surgery of wertheim meigs

El cáncer de cuello uterino (CCU) es la primera causa de muerte por cáncer en la provincia de Misiones. Objetivo primario: evaluación de las pacientes con CCU en estadios tempranos, sometidas a cirugía de Wertheim Meigs (WM). Objetivos secundarios: analizar las características clínico patológicas asociadas a los patrones de eficacia, en términos de SLR-SG y morbilidades. La búsqueda fue multidisciplinaria y activa, se seleccionaron mujeres con diagnóstico de CCU en estadios tempranos, tratadas con cirugía de WM, período 2010-2017. Se registraron datos clínico-patológicos y terapéuticos. Se calculó tasa de recurrencia local-sistémica, SLE y SG. Fuente de datos: RISMI (HC Informatizada), RITA (Registro de tumores), sub-registros de los servicios de ginecología y oncología. Se incluyeron 101 pacientes, edad promedio de 38 años. El 56% (57) se encontraba asintomático al momento del diagnóstico. La vía de abordaje fue laparotomía en el 97% (98), tiempo operatorio promedio 247 minutos. El promedio de días de internación post operatorio fue de 5.3. Ausencia de complicaciones post operatorias en 79% (80). Promedio de ganglios resecados 12, FIGO patológico IB en 42% (43). Realizaron adyuvancia 36% (35). Recurrencias loco-regionales y sistémicas 8% (5), tiempo medio a la recaída 37 meses. Mediana de seguimiento a 3 años: VSE 60% (35), PDSEG 27% (15), tasa de mortalidad específica 11% (6), VCE 6% (3). El CCU en estadios tempranos, diagnosticado y tratado por un grupo multidisciplinario en el Hospital Escuela de Agudos Dr. Ramón Madariaga, presentó patrones de eficacia y tasas de supervivencia enfermedad específica y de mortalidad, similar a las informadas en la literatura (AU)

Cervical cancer (CC) is the leading cause of cancer death in Misiones province. Primary objective: evaluation of patients with CCU in early stages submitted to Wertheim Meigs (WM) surgery. Secondary objectives: clinical pathological characteristics associated with efficacy patterns in terms of SLR-SG and morbidities. The research was multidisciplinary and active, we selected women with CC in early stages, treated with WM surgery, period 2010- 2017. Clinical-pathological and therapeutic data were recorded. Local-systemic recurrence rate, SLE, SG was calculated. Data source: RISMI (HC Computerized), RITA (Tumor Registry), subregistries of gynecology and oncology services. We included 101 patients, mean age 38 years. The 56% (57) were asymptomatic at the time of diagnosis. The approach was laparotomy in 97% (98), mean operative time 247 minutes. The mean number of days of post-operative hospitalization was 5.3. Absence of postoperative complications in 79% (80). Average resected nodes 12. Pathological IB in 42% (43). The 36% (35) performed adjuvancy). Locoregional and systemic recurrences 8% (5), mean time to relapse 37 months. Median followup at 3 years: VSE 60% (35), PDSEG 27% (15), specific mortality rate 11% (6), VCE 6% (3). The CC in early stages, diagnosed and treated by a multidisciplinary group in the Hospital Escuela de Agudos Dr. Ramón Madariaga, presents patterns of efficacy and survival rates, specific disease and mortality, similar to those reported in the literature (AU)

Trypanocide treatment of women infected with Trypanosoma cruzi and its effect on preventing congenital Chagas.

With the control of the vectorial and transfusional routes of infection with Trypanosoma cruzi, congenital transmission has become an important source of new cases. This study evaluated the efficacy of trypanocidal therapy to prevent congenital Chagas disease and compared the clinical and serological evolution between treated and untreated infected mothers. We conducted a multicenter, observational study on a cohort of mothers infected with T. cruzi, with and without trypanocidal treatment before pregnancy. Their children were studied to detect congenital infection. Among 354 "chronically infected mother-biological child" pairs, 132 were treated women and 222 were untreated women. Among the children born to untreated women, we detected 34 infected with T. cruzi (15.3%), whose only antecedent was maternal infection. Among the 132 children of previously treated women, no infection with T. cruzi was found (0.0%) (p<0.05). Among 117 mothers with clinical and serological follow up, 71 had been treated and 46 were untreated. The women were grouped into three groups. Group A: 25 treated before 15 years of age; Group B: 46 treated at 15 or more years of age; Group C: untreated, average age of 29.2 ± 6.2 years at study entry. Follow-up for Groups A, B and C was 16.3 ± 5.8, 17.5 ± 9.2 and 18.6 ± 8.6 years respectively. Negative seroconversion: Group A, 64.0% (16/25); Group B, 32.6% (15/46); Group C, no seronegativity was observed. Clinical electrocardiographic alterations compatible with chagasic cardiomyopathy: Group A 0.0% (0/25); B 2.2% (1/46) and C 15.2% (7/46). The trypanocidal treatment of women with chronic Chagas infection was effective in preventing the congenital transmission of Trypanosoma cruzi to their children; it had also a protective effect on the women's clinical evolution and deparasitation could be demonstrated in many treated women after over 10 years of follow up.

Impacto del tabaquismo en el rendimiento físico. Resultados de la IV Carrera contra el Tabaco / Impact of tobacco smoking on physical performance. Results froma the fourth race against tobacco

Introducción: Se ha demostrado que la participación en actividades deportivas promueve la salud física y mental. En contraste, la conducta de fumar (y la eventual adicción al tabaco) entre los estudiantes correlaciona inversamente con la práctica regular de actividades deportivas. A pesar de las reglamentaciones y de la evidencia científica en su contra, la industria tabacalera no ha dudado en vincular la conducta de fumar con el hábito del deporte. Hipótesis: El rendimiento de los atletas puede estar disminuido por efectos del tabaquismo. Una segunda hipótesis sostiene que la industria tabacalera influye en un número importante de atletas, induciéndolos a fumar. Para probarlas, analizamos el desempeño de los 680 corredores que participaron en la IV Carrera contra el Tabaco. Resultados: No se encontraron diferencias significativas entre los sexos, ni entre los grupos determinados por las edades. De acuerdo al análisis de varianza, las diferencias por tiempo entre los grupos fueron significativas. El tiempo promedio que invirtieron todos los participantes en recorrer cada kilómetro fue de 5.09 ? 1.02min. El tiempo de los no fumadores (5.02 min/km) fue significativamente menor que el de los ex fumadores (5.15min/km), y de los fumadores (5.75min/km). Conclusiones: El rendimiento físico de los que nunca han fumado es significativamente mejor de aquellos que sí fuman. Además, entre los individuos que practican de manera regular un deporte, hay un porcentaje importante de fumadores. Por lo tanto, entre los individuos que hacen ejercicio se debe hacer promoción antitabaco.