Follistatin-like 1 (FSTL1) levels as potential early biomarker of cardiovascular disease in a Mexican population.

Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are the leading cause of death globally. In recent years, follistatin-like protein 1 (FSTL1) has been proposed as an emerging potential clinical biomarker of CVD, since its concentration is upregulated in heart failure. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the association of FSTL1 levels and classic biomarkers with the risk of CVD in Mexican population. A case-control study was carried out in patients with cardiovascular diseases (CVD), arterial hypertension, but not CVD (cardiovascular risk factor-CRF), and healthy controls (control group) from the Mexican Institute of Social Security. Lipid profile, homocysteine (Hcys), serum amyloid A (SAA), FSTL1 concentration, PON1 concentration and activities [Arylesterase (ARE), and Lactonase (LAC)] were evaluated. High levels of FSTL1 were found in the CRF group and a positive association of FSTL1 (OR = 4.55; 95% CI 1.29-16.04, p = 0.02) with the presence of arterial hypertension, as well as Hcys (OR, 3.09; 95% CI 1.23-7.76, p = 0.02) and SAA (OR, 1.03; 95% CI 1.01-1.05, p < 0.01) with the presence of CVD. LAC activity (OR, 0.26; 95% CI 0.07-0.94, p = 0.04) and PON1 concentration (OR, 0.17; 95% CI 0.05-0.62, p = 0.01) were associated with a decrease in OR belonging to the group with CVD. Our results suggest that FSTL1 may be a useful biomarker for monitoring cardiovascular risk in clinical settings. However, longitudinal studies are needed to evaluate how FSTL1 could influence the association of PON1 activity and Hcys with CVD.

The Expression of Hsa-Mir-1225-5p Limits the Aggressive Biological Behaviour of Luminal Breast Cancer Cell Lines.

INTRODUCTION: Numerous genetic and biological processes have been linked to the function of microRNAs (miRNAs), which regulate gene expression by targeting messenger RNA (mRNA). It is commonly acknowledged that miRNAs play a role in the development of disease and the embryology of mammals. METHOD: To further understand its function in the oncogenic process, the expression of the miRNA profile in cancer has been investigated. Despite being referred to as a noteworthy miRNA in cancer, it is unknown whether hsa-miR-1225-5p plays a part in the in vitro progression of the luminal A and luminal B subtypes of breast cancer. We proposed that a synthetic hsa-miR-1225-5p molecule be expressed in breast cancer cell lines and its activity be evaluated with the aim of studying its function in the development of luminal breast cancer. In terms of the typical cancer progression stages, such as proliferation, survival, migration, and invasion, we investigated the role of hsa-miR-1225-5p in luminal A and B breast cancer cell lines. RESULTS: Additionally, using bioinformatics databases, we thoroughly explored the target score-based prediction of miRNA-mRNA interaction. Our study showed that the expression of miR-1225-5p significantly inhibited the in vitro growth of luminal A and B breast cancer cell lines. CONCLUSION: The results were supported by a bioinformatic analysis and a detailed gene network that boosts the activation of signaling pathways required for cancer progression.

On the dynamics of a big drop in acoustic levitation.

The acoustic levitation of a drop is a complex process that needs a high-intensity non-linear acoustic field; the sound pressure level has to be sufficient to raise the drop but not too large to avoid its atomization, limiting the maximum size of a levitated drop. In this paper, we present an experimental study of big drops levitation with a volume up to 166±2µl and with an effective diameter 6.82±0.03mm, figures one magnitude order larger than the maximum drop volume reported in the literature. Our acoustic levitator produces an acoustic field with a different shape than the field produced by a typical levitator. Our measurements and simulations of the acoustic field and drop dynamics suggest that the levitation of big drops is possible because the distribution of radiation pressure over the drop surface in our system differs from that in a typical acoustic levitator; its maximum value appears on the top surface of the drop and not in its equator. In addition, we determined the upper and lower limits of sound pressure necessary for the levitation of drops of various sizes that allow our system.

Muerte materna asociada a una malformación arteriovenosa uterina / Maternal death associated with uterine arteriovenous malformation

La malformación arteriovenosa uterina (MAVU), para algunos autores considerada como fístula arteriovenosa, representa entre el 1 y 2% de la hemorragia genital e intraperitoneal como resultado de la rotura vascular espontánea o provocada posterior a una intervención quirúrgica.Exponemos un caso de muerte materna ocurrida durante una caminata sobre una pendiente, presentando metrorragia y desvanecimiento con desenlace letal. La autopsia médico legal demostró un útero gestante con hemorragia del miometrio y múltiples coágulos hemáticos, diagnosticada anatomopatológicamente como MAVU.La muerte materna es un problema de salud pública multifactorial en los países subdesarrollados, la MAVU es una causa poco frecuente, sin embargo, algunos autores la consideran subdiagnosticada; han aumentado el reporte de casos en los últimos años y en los países en desarrollo puede ser letal. (AU)

Uterine arteriovenous malformation (UAMM) for some authors, considered an arteriovenous fistula, represents between 1% and 2% of genital and intraperitoneal hemorrhage as a result of spontaneous or provoked vascular rupture after a surgical intervention.We present a case of maternal death that occurred during a walk on a slope, presenting metrorrhagia and fainting with a fatal outcome. The medico-legal autopsy showed a pregnancy uterus with myometrial hemorrhage and multiple blood clots, diagnosed pathologically as a uterine arteriovenous malformation.Maternal death is a multifactorial public health problem in underdeveloped countries. Uterine arteriovenous malformation is a rare cause, however some authors consider it underdiagnosed; reported cases have increased in recent years and in developing countries it can be lethal. (AU)

Immunization with thiol-binding proteins from Haemonchus contortus adult worms partially protects goats against infection during prepatency.

To contribute of the knowledge of the immune mechanisms underlying the response to the immunization of goats with thiol-binding proteins fractions (PBS-TSBP) from Haemonchus contortus (H. contortus) adult worms, this study analyzed the degree of protection and the immune responses developed against the parasite after vaccination with this antigenic complex during the time-elapsing between challenge with L3 of the parasite and the development of adult worms, evidenced by the appearance of first faecal eggs (prepatent period or prepatency). Goat kids immunized with PBS-TBSP generated an immune response during the prepatency which translates into a reduction in the number of worms, as well as a lower reduction on packed cell volume and plasma protein levels in relation to the non-vaccinated animals. As previously described in other studies carried out after the prepatent period, this protection was associated with a systemic humoral response. At the local level, a specific humoral response was also observed, together with an immune-inflammatory infiltrate in the gastric mucosa of MCH-II + cells and CD4+ lymphocytes, whose number was associated with a reduction in the number of worms and an increase in plasma proteins. A high peripheral eosinophilia was detected, but no corresponding increased infiltration of the gastric mucosa by eosinophils or globular leukocytes was observed. In agreement with previous data on the immunolocalization of the antigens used here, the results obtained contribute to the idea that these may be excretion/secretion (E/S) products necessary for parasite survival, whose inactivation during the larval and/or pre-adult stages may have contributed to immunoprotection.

Rapid assessment of hand reaching using virtual reality and application in cerebellar stroke.

The acquisition of sensory information about the world is a dynamic and interactive experience, yet the majority of sensory research focuses on perception without action and is conducted with participants who are passive observers with very limited control over their environment. This approach allows for highly controlled, repeatable experiments and has led to major advances in our understanding of basic sensory processing. Typical human perceptual experiences, however, are far more complex than conventional action-perception experiments and often involve bi-directional interactions between perception and action. Innovations in virtual reality (VR) technology offer an approach to close this notable disconnect between perceptual experiences and experiments. VR experiments can be conducted with a high level of empirical control while also allowing for movement and agency as well as controlled naturalistic environments. New VR technology also permits tracking of fine hand movements, allowing for seamless empirical integration of perception and action. Here, we used VR to assess how multisensory information and cognitive demands affect hand movements while reaching for virtual targets. First, we manipulated the visibility of the reaching hand to uncouple vision and proprioception in a task measuring accuracy while reaching toward a virtual target (n = 20, healthy young adults). The results, which as expected revealed multisensory facilitation, provided a rapid and a highly sensitive measure of isolated proprioceptive accuracy. In the second experiment, we presented the virtual target only briefly and showed that VR can be used as an efficient and robust measurement of spatial memory (n = 18, healthy young adults). Finally, to assess the feasibility of using VR to study perception and action in populations with physical disabilities, we showed that the results from the visual-proprioceptive task generalize to two patients with recent cerebellar stroke. Overall, we show that VR coupled with hand-tracking offers an efficient and adaptable way to study human perception and action.

Plasmaféresis periódica como tratamiento de mantenimiento en la esclerosis múltiple remitente-recurrente, ¿nueva línea terapéutica? A propósito de un caso / Periodic plasmapheresis as maintenance treatment in relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis, a new therapeutic line? A case report

Introducción: El tratamiento de la esclerosis múltiple remitente-recurrente ha evolucionado significativamente en los últimos años con el descubrimiento de nuevas moléculas eficaces como tratamiento de mantenimiento. Por otro lado, el tratamiento de los brotes de esta enfermedad se basa clásicamente en corticoides, y en los casos refractarios a esta terapia se utiliza plasmaféresis. Presentamos un caso de esclerosis múltiple remitente-recurrente tratada periódicamente con una terapia que se ha utilizado clásicamente para los brotes: plasmaféresis. Caso clínico: Mujer de 39 años con esclerosis múltiple remitente-recurrente de inicio en el posparto, gran carga lesional y curso agresivo, en quien, ante una respuesta subóptima a terapias modificadoras de la enfermedad (alemtuzumab y ocrelizumab), se decide iniciar un tratamiento combinado junto con plasmaféresis periódicas ambulatorias cada tres semanas como tratamiento de mantenimiento. Se constata una buena tolerancia a esta terapia y evolución, y se produce estabilidad clínica. No ha requerido nuevos ingresos hospitalarios por brotes desde febrero de 2020 a marzo de 2021. Conclusión: Aunque es necesario que se realicen más estudios, este caso ofrece información sobre un potencial tratamiento de mantenimiento para pacientes con esclerosis múltiple remitente-recurrente refractaria a terapias con fármacos modificadores de la enfermedad.(AU)

Introduction: Relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS) treatment has significantly changed in recent years because of the discovery of new molecules that have shown efficacy as maintenance treatment. However, the classical treatment for acute attacks is based on corticosteroids administration, being the periodical plasmapheresis the alternative treatment in the case of refractory patients. We introduce a case of relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis treated with a classical acute attacks therapy: plasmapheresis. Case report: The case of a 39-year-old patient who was diagnosed with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis, postpartum debut and aggresive course, who, after suboptimal response to disease modifying therapies (alemtuzumab and ocrelizumab), receives combination treatment with outpatient periodic plasmapheresis every 3 weeks as maintenance therapy. Good tolerance and response. Clinical stability with this treatment. She has not required new hospital admissions for acute attacks of multiple sclerosis from February 2020 to March 2021. Conclusion: Although more specific studies are needed, this case provides information on a potential new maintenance treatment for patients with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis refractory to disease-modifying drug therapies.(AU)

[Periodic plasmapheresis as maintenance treatment in relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis, a new therapeutic line? A case report]. / Plasmaféresis periódica como tratamiento de mantenimiento en la esclerosis múltiple remitente-recurrente, ¿nueva línea terapéutica? A propósito de un caso.

INTRODUCTION: Relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS) treatment has significantly changed in recent years because of the discovery of new molecules that have shown efficacy as maintenance treatment. However, the classical treatment for acute attacks is based on corticosteroids administration, being the periodical plasmapheresis the alternative treatment in the case of refractory patients. We introduce a case of relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis treated with a classical acute attacks therapy: plasmapheresis. CASE REPORT: The case of a 39-year-old patient who was diagnosed with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis, postpartum debut and aggresive course, who, after suboptimal response to disease modifying therapies (alemtuzumab and ocrelizumab), receives combination treatment with outpatient periodic plasmapheresis every 3 weeks as maintenance therapy. Good tolerance and response. Clinical stability with this treatment. She has not required new hospital admissions for acute attacks of multiple sclerosis from February 2020 to March 2021. CONCLUSION: Although more specific studies are needed, this case provides information on a potential new maintenance treatment for patients with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis refractory to disease-modifying drug therapies.

TITLE: Plasmaféresis periódica como tratamiento de mantenimiento en la esclerosis múltiple remitente-recurrente, ¿nueva línea terapéutica? A propósito de un caso.Introducción. El tratamiento de la esclerosis múltiple remitente-recurrente ha evolucionado significativamente en los últimos años con el descubrimiento de nuevas moléculas eficaces como tratamiento de mantenimiento. Por otro lado, el tratamiento de los brotes de esta enfermedad se basa clásicamente en corticoides, y en los casos refractarios a esta terapia se utiliza plasmaféresis. Presentamos un caso de esclerosis múltiple remitente-recurrente tratada periódicamente con una terapia que se ha utilizado clásicamente para los brotes: plasmaféresis. Caso clínico. Mujer de 39 años con esclerosis múltiple remitente-recurrente de inicio en el posparto, gran carga lesional y curso agresivo, en quien, ante una respuesta subóptima a terapias modificadoras de la enfermedad (alemtuzumab y ocrelizumab), se decide iniciar un tratamiento combinado junto con plasmaféresis periódicas ambulatorias cada tres semanas como tratamiento de mantenimiento. Se constata una buena tolerancia a esta terapia y evolución, y se produce estabilidad clínica. No ha requerido nuevos ingresos hospitalarios por brotes desde febrero de 2020 a marzo de 2021. Conclusión. Aunque es necesario que se realicen más estudios, este caso ofrece información sobre un potencial tratamiento de mantenimiento para pacientes con esclerosis múltiple remitente-recurrente refractaria a terapias con fármacos modificadores de la enfermedad.

Lithium salts as a treatment for COVID-19: Pre-clinical outcomes.

INTRODUCTION: Identifying effective drugs for Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is urgently needed. An efficient approach is to evaluate whether existing approved drugs have anti-SARS-CoV-2 effects. The antiviral properties of lithium salts have been studied for many years. Their anti-inflammatory and immune-potentiating effects result from the inhibition of glycogen synthase kinase-3. AIMS: To obtain pre-clinical evidence on the safety and therapeutic effects of lithium salts in the treatment of COVID-19. RESULTS: Six different concentrations of lithium, ranging 2-12 mmol/L, were evaluated. Lithium inhibited the replication of SARS-CoV-2 virus in a dose-dependent manner with an IC50 value of 4 mmol/L. Lithium-treated wells showed a significantly higher percentage of monolayer conservation than viral control, particularly at concentrations higher than 6 mmol/L, verified through microscopic observation, the neutral red assay, and the determination of N protein in the supernatants of treated wells. Hamsters treated with lithium showed less intense disease with fewer signs. No lithium-related mortality or overt signs of toxicity were observed during the experiment. A trend of decreasing viral load in nasopharyngeal swabs and lungs was observed in treated hamsters compared to controls. CONCLUSIONS: These results provide pre-clinical evidence of the antiviral and immunotherapeutic effects of lithium against SARS-CoV-2, which supports an advance to clinical trials on COVID-19's patients.

Microscopical observations of crystal deposits on the epidermis of leaves of Agave potatorum.

Calcium oxalate crystals were observed on the leaf epidermis of Agave potatorum surrounding the stomatal complex. Their morphology corresponded to the styloid type, and the chemical composition using EDS spectrum confirms calcium oxalate. A significantly higher abundance of crystals was observed on the adaxial leaf side in comparison with the abaxial side (p < 0.05). Crystals grew up in bundles in a range of 6-8 elements into idioblasts. A light microscope reveals that these crystals reflect part of the incident light. Cuticle from the abaxial leaf side was thicker and had a special structure formed by six papillae surrounding a larger central papilla, which was observed as star-like. This could be related to the evolutionary adaptation of this Agave species to drought stress conditions.

Preliminary survey of the occurrence of mycotoxins in cereals and estimated exposure in a northwestern region of Mexico.

Mycotoxins have several toxicological implications. In the present study, we evaluate the presence of aflatoxin B1 (AFB1), ochratoxin A (OTA), and fumonisin (FB1) in paddy rice, polished rice, and maize from the fields and markets in Nayarit State (Mexico). The results indicated the presence of AFB1 in 21.21% of paddy rice samples and 11.11% of market maize samples. OTA was present in only 3.03% (one sample) of paddy rice samples. FB1 was detected in 87.50% and 88.88% of maize samples from field and market, respectively. The estimated human exposure was calculated for FB1 using the probable daily intake (PDI), which suggested that FB1 could contribute to the development of diseases through the consumption of contaminated maize. Positive samples indicated that some rice and maize samples were not suitable for human consumption. Further efforts are needed to continue monitoring mycotoxins and update national legislation on mycotoxins accordingly.

Tumor de colisión en el ovario, con fibrotecoma. Reporte de un caso / Collision tumor in the ovary, with fibrothecoma. Case report

Resumen ANTECEDENTES: La coincidencia temporo-espacial de dos o más neoplasias benignas, malignas o combinadas, que afectan a un mismo órgano o tejido es lo que define al tumor de colisión, con diferencias conductuales, genéticas e histológicas. Los tumores de colisión ovárica son un subtipo raro. CASO CLÍNICO: Paciente de 53 años, que acudió al servicio de Urgencias debido a un dolor intermitente de siete meses de evolución que, en las últimas semanas, se intensificó y se agregaron náuseas y vómitos. Durante la exploración abdominal se detectó un aumento de volumen en el área pélvica, sin irritación peritoneal. Los marcadores tumorales: CA-125, CA 19-9 y antígeno carcinoembrionario se reportaron en parámetros normales. La ecografía pélvica informó la existencia de una imagen quística simple y compleja, con componente sólido. El examen de anatomía patológica diagnosticó: tumor de colisión en el ovario izquierdo. CONCLUSION: Los tumores de colisión en el ovario son poco frecuentes según lo reportado en la bibliografía. El diagnóstico anatomopatológico minucioso y el seguimiento clínico-radiológico adecuado son necesarios para descartar los tumores de colisión.

Abstract BACKGROUND: The temporal-spatial coincidence of two or more benign, malignant or combined neoplasms that affect the same organ or tissue is what defines the collision tumor, with behavioral, genetic and histological differences. Ovarian collision tumors are a rare subtype. CLINICAL CASE: A 53-year-old patient, who came to the Emergency Department due to intermittent pain of seven months' evolution, which, in recent weeks, intensified and nausea and vomiting were added. During abdominal examination, an increase in volume was detected in the pelvic area, without peritoneal irritation. Tumor markers: CA-125, CA 19-9 and carcinoembryonic antigen were reported in normal parameters. Pelvic ultrasound reported the existence of a simple and complex cystic image, with a solid component. Pathological anatomy examination diagnosed: collision tumor in the left ovary. CONCLUSION: Collision tumors in the ovary are rare according to reports in the literature. A thorough pathological diagnosis and adequate clinical-radiological follow-up are necessary to rule out colliding tumors.

Influence of C=O groups on the optical extinction coefficient of graphene exfoliated in liquid phase.

Liquid phase exfoliation of graphite is currently one of the most promising graphene production methods at large scale. For this reason, an accurate calculation of the concentration in graphene dispersions is important for standardization and commercialization. Here, graphene dispersions, at high concentrations, were produced by electrochemical exfoliation. Furthermore, a cleaner methodology to obtain graphene oxide by electrochemical exfoliation at high acid concentrations was implemented. The absorption coefficient for graphene and graphene oxide was determined in the optical range (α660 nm= 1414 (±3%) ml mg-1 m-1andα660 nm= 648 (±7%) ml mg-1 m-1, respectively) with an exponential dependence with the wavelength. The difference inαfor both materials is attributed to an increased presence of C=O groups as evidenced by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), UV-vis and Raman spectroscopy, as well as, in the calculation of the optical extinction coefficient and optical band-gap via Tauc-plots.

Relación del cáncer colorrectal en el adulto mayor en lacomunidad con ciencia, tecnología y sociedad

RESUMEN:Introducción: En Cuba, 20 porciento de la población tiene 60 años y más, y la probabilidad de adquirir cáncer colorrectal es del cuatro al seis por ciento a lo largo de la vida,lo que constituye un problema social.Objetivo: Determinar la relación entre el cáncer colorrectal en el adulto mayor en la comunidad con ciencia, tecnología y sociedad.Métodos: Se realizó un estudio de intervención y desarrollo con la estrategia de autocuidado en adultos mayores con cáncer colorrectal en la comunidad en el Policlínico “Dr. Rudesindo Antonio García del Rijoˮ del municipio y provincia de Sancti Spíritus, en el periodo 2007-2017. Variables: nivel de información de los médicos, estado de salud, autocuidado y el alivio del dolor en los adultos mayores con cáncer colorrectal. Se trabajó con la totalidad de la población, 116 adultos mayores con cáncer colorrectal y 37 médicos. Se utilizó estadística descriptiva de cada variable mediante tablas, con frecuencias absoluta y relativa como medida de resumen.Resultados: Se instruyó a los pacientes y se logró el alivio del dolor en un 76,72porciento, mejoró el autocuidado en un 50 porciento y el estado de salud fue aceptable en un44,82 porciento. La sobrevida se comportó en los pacientes que estuvieron desde su diagnóstico en la estrategia de autocuidado de cinco a siete años.Conclusiones: El cáncer colorrectal en la población adulta mayor constituye un problema de ciencia, tecnología y sociedad.[AU]

Atención Farmacéutica Integral a pacientes pediátricos hospitalizados con trastornos siquiátricos / Comprehensive Pharmaceutical Care in pediatric inpatient with psychiatric disorders

Introducción: el incremento de nuevos psicofármacos en la edad pediátrica, requieren la valoración de problemas relacionados con medicamentos, de ahí que resulte necesario el desarrollo de los servicios de Atención Farmacéutica. Objetivo: desarrollar la Atención Farmacéutica Integral para pacientes pediátricos con trastornos psiquiátricos hospitalizados. Métodos: se realizó un estudio prospectivo y de intervención, desde febrero a abril del 2017, en el que participaron pacientes pediátricos con trastornos psiquiátricos. El servicio se desarrolló en tres fases del proceso de cuidado farmacéutico y se empleó un procedimiento normalizado de trabajo. Se determinó el impacto de las intervenciones en la prevención o resolución de los resultados negativos asociados a la medicación, el estado clínico de los pacientes y la satisfacción de los cuidadores. Resultados: predominó el sexo femenino (55%), edades comprendidas entre 15 y 18 años (80%) y nivel de escolaridad medio de los cuidadores (45%). Se identificó falta de adherencia terapéutica antes del ingreso, corroborada con las experiencias subjetivas. Se detectaron 19 resultados negativos asociados a la medicación, predominando los de seguridad (89,4%). Se realizaron 36 intervenciones farmacéuticas, para un 80,5% de aceptación, se previnieron 57,1% y se resolvió el 80 % del total de resultados negativos asociados a la medicación. El 100 % de los pacientes tuvieron una evolución favorable y los cuidadores mostraron satisfacción. Conclusiones: La Atención Farmacéutica Integral permitió identificar factores psicosociales del paciente asociados a la enfermedad y la farmacoterapia y la prevención y resolución de la mayoría de los resultados negativos asociados a la medicación.(AU)

Introduction: the use of new psychoactive drugs and their widespread use in the pediatric age underline the importance of assessing the appearance of drug-related problems, hence the need for the development of Pharmaceutical Care services. Objective:to show the preliminary results of the development of the Comprehensive Pharmaceutical Care service for pediatric inpatients with psychiatric disorders. Methods: in 2020, it was carried out a retrospective study about the preliminary implementation of a service provided to pediatric inpatients with psychiatric disorders, from February 1stto April 28thin 2017. The pharmaceutical care process was developed in three phases, a standard operating procedure and the pharmacotherapeutical profiles of patients were used. The preliminary impact of the interventions on the prevention or resolution of negative results associated with medication, the clinical status of the patients and the satisfaction of the caregivers was determined. Results :twenty patients were included, female sex predominated (55%), ages between 15 and 18 years (80%) and average level of education of caregivers (45%). Lack of therapeutic adherence was identified before admission, corroborated with subjective experiences from patients, 19 negative results associated with medication were detected, predominantly related to safety (89.4%), 36 pharmaceutical interventions were carried out with 80.5% of acceptance, 57.1% were prevented and 80% of the total negative results associated with the medication were resolved. 100% of the patients had a favourable progress and caregivers showed 100 % of satisfaction. Conclusions: the Comprehensive Pharmaceutical Care service allowed to identify psychosocial factors in patients associated to disease and pharmacotherapy and contributed to the...(AU)

Compendio educativo para la enseñanza de la rehabilitación física en el nivel primario desalud

RESUMEN:Fundamento: incorporar las tecnologías digitales al proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje en la educación superior constituye una necesidad creciente.Objetivo: describir el desarrollo y utilización del software educativo “Compendio de rehabilitación en afecciones más frecuentes del sistema osteomioarticular en el nivel primario de salud”, en el Policlínico Universitario “Dr. Rudesindo Antonio García del Rijo”, del municipio Sancti Spíritus,durante el curso 2018-2019.Métodos: se diseñó un software educativo en forma de hipertexto, en una investigación cualicuantitativa,descriptiva y transversal en educación médica. La investigación en general constó de dos etapas: creación y utilización del software. En la parte cuantitativa del estudio la muestra fue de 25 estudiantes y seis docentes del curso referido en el objetivo. Se realizaron dos talleres para describir el compendio. Para evaluar el impacto del software se utilizó el criterio de especialistas y el nivel de satisfacción de docentes y estudiantes.Resultados: se creó un software educativo en forma de hipertexto, portable, utilizable sin necesidad de conexión a red. Con diseño sencillo y atractivo. Los especialistas consultados estuvieron en total acuerdo, o en acuerdo, con el contenido, diseño instruccional y los aspectos informáticos del compendio. Solo un estudiante manifestó insatisfacción. Abarcador y didáctico fue la característica más declarada por docentes y estudiantes.Conclusiones: se elaboró el software educativo en forma de compendio, con gran aceptación por especialistas, docentes y estudiantes.[AU]

Efectividad de intervención de enfermería en conocimientossobre prevención de caídas en ancianos que la experimentaron

RESUMEN:Introducción: El conocimiento sobre prevención de caídas resulta indispensable en la reducción de su incidencia en ancianos, la intervención de enfermería puede ser la vía para lograrlo.Objetivo: Evaluar la efectividad de una intervención de enfermería sustentada en el modelo de Jean Watson en el nivel de conocimientos sobre prevención decaídas en ancianos que la han experimentado.Métodos: Investigación cuantitativa, preexperimental con pre-test y post-test,contextualizada en 37 consultorios del Policlínico “Dr. Rudesindo Antonio Garcíadel Rijoˮ, provincia Sancti Spíritus, Cuba, del 2018 a 2019. Universo conformado por 42 ancianos que presentaron caídas en el último año. El conocimiento se midió con encuestas validadas por expertos y pilotaje con alfa de Cronbach > 0,5. Para los ejes temáticos y metodológicos de la intervención (sustentada en los 10 factores asistenciales de la teoría de Jean Watson), se revisó bibliografía sobre el tema, se tuvieron en cuenta las necesidades de conocimiento identificadas. Se procesó la información con frecuencias absolutas, porcentajes, media, desviación típica, valor mínimo y máximo. Para contrastar la hipótesis se utilizó la Prueba no paramétrica de rangos con signo de Wilcoxon.Resultados: Previo a la intervención, el nivel cuatro de conocimiento lo presentó el 9,52 Porciento de los ancianos, aplicada la intervención ascendió al 90,47 Porciento , consignificación z = -5,249, p < 0,05.Conclusiones: La intervención de enfermería sustentada en el modelo de Jean Watson resultó efectiva en el incremento del nivel de conocimientos sobre prevención de caídas en ancianos que la han experimentado.[AU]

Molecular typing and antimicrobial resistance profiling of 33 mastitis-related Staphylococcus aureus isolates from cows in the Comarca Lagunera region of Mexico.

Mastitis in cows is a major cause of economic losses and it is commonly associated with Staphylococcus aureus. Little is known about the S. aureus lineages causing mastitis in Mexican cattle. The aim of this study was to type S. aureus isolates causing mastitis in cows from the Comarca Lagunera region in Mexico in 2015-2016. Multi-locus variable number tandem repeat fingerprinting (MLVF) of 33 S. aureus isolates obtained from 210 milk samples revealed the MLVF clusters A (n = 1), B (n = 26), C (n = 5) and D (n = 1). Spa-typing showed that clusters A and B represent the spa-type t224, cluster C includes spa-types t3196 and t416, and cluster D represents spa-type t114. The different spa-types were mirrored by the masses of protein A bands as detected by Western blotting. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing showed that one isolate was susceptible to all antimicrobials tested, whereas all other strains were resistant only to benzylpenicillin. These findings show that only four S. aureus lineages, susceptible to most antimicrobials, were responsible for causing mastitis at the time of sampling. Lastly, many isolates carried the same small plasmid, designated pSAM1. The high prevalence of pSAM1 amongst the antimicrobial-susceptible isolates suggests an association with bovine colonization or mastitis rather than antimicrobial resistance.

Comportamiento del embarazo adolescente en el municipioJatibonico, Sancti Spíritus, Cuba

RESUMEN:Introducción: El embarazo en la adolescencia conlleva el fracaso en la continuidad de los estudios y la preparación para la vida adulta.Objetivo: Analizar el comportamiento del embarazo adolescente en el municipio Jatibonico, Sancti Spíritus, Cuba.Métodos: Se realizó un estudio descriptivo y transversal. El universo estuvo constituido por 125 embarazadas adolescentes del municipio Jatibonico, en la provincia de Sancti Spíritus durante el período comprendido entre 2014 y 2019. Se aplicó un cuestionario y los datos obtenidos se reflejaron en tablas atendiendo a las variables analizadas.Resultados: Predominaron las adolescentes entre 16 y 18 años. La principal causa de embarazo fue el desconocimiento de los métodos anticonceptivos. Los métodos más utilizados fueron el condón y la T de cobre. Las comorbilidades que se presentaron con mayor frecuencia fueron las malformaciones, la anemia y la amenaza de parto pretérmino. La mayoría de las adolescentes embarazadas abandonaron los estudios.Conclusiones: Las comorbilidades más frecuentes fueron las malformaciones,seguidas de la anemia y la amenaza de parto pretérmino. La mayoría de las adolescentes abandonaron los estudios o frustraron sus proyectos de vida.[AU]