Simulación clínica para la rehabilitación de la mano en un anestesiólogo después de una lesión ocupacional: un estudio de caso / Patient simulation for hand therapy in an anesthesiologist after an occupational injury: A case study

Describir el uso de la simulación clínica como terapia de rehabilitación de la mano de una paciente anestesióloga que sufrió atrapamiento del pulgar derecho con la mesa quirúrgica y se le realizó un autoinjerto parcial del dedo del pie a la mano.En la semana 14 tras la cirugía se introdujo la terapia de simulación con tareas anestésicas simuladas y escenarios clínicos en lugar de la rehabilitación habitual. Las variables cuantificadas, tanto físicas, como funcionales y psicológicas, indicaron una mejoría durante y después de la intervención con simulación, que se mantuvo un mes después de la vuelta al trabajo.El uso de la simulación clínica en la rehabilitación en una paciente anestesióloga después de una lesión en la mano contribuyó a mejorar la amplitud de movimiento, la fuerza, la sensibilidad y las pruebas funcionales, y jugó un papel determinante en la reincorporación laboral para asumir las demandas de la práctica de la anestesia.(AU)

We described the use of clinical simulation for hand therapy in an anesthesiologist that accidentally suffered from entrapment with the surgical table in the right thumb and underwent a partial toe-to-hand autograft.At week 14 after surgery, the patient practiced anesthetic tasks and clinical scenarios using a patient simulator instead undergoing a regular occupational therapy regimen. Quantifiable physical, functional and psychological measures improved during and after the simulation intervention, and there was no decline one month after the patient returned to work.The use of clinical simulation as part of the rehabilitation process of an anesthesiologist after hand injury contributed to improving the range of motion, strength, sensibility, and functional tests. Overall, it played an important role in determining the worker's potential to withstand the demands of anesthesia practice.(AU)

[Patient simulation for hand therapy in an anesthesiologist after an occupational injury: A case study]. / Simulación clínica para la rehabilitación de la mano en un anestesiólogo después de una lesión ocupacional: un estudio de caso.

We described the use of clinical simulation for hand therapy in an anesthesiologist that accidentally suffered from entrapment with the surgical table in the right thumb and underwent a partial toe-to-hand autograft. At week 14 after surgery, the patient practiced anesthetic tasks and clinical scenarios using a patient simulator instead undergoing a regular occupational therapy regimen. Quantifiable physical, functional and psychological measures improved during and after the simulation intervention, and there was no decline one month after the patient returned to work. The use of clinical simulation as part of the rehabilitation process of an anesthesiologist after hand injury contributed to improving the range of motion, strength, sensibility, and functional tests. Overall, it played an important role in determining the worker's potential to withstand the demands of anesthesia practice.

Análisis del protocolo de atención a las gestantes COVID y detección de puntos de mejora aplicando metodología de simulación clínica / Analysis of the care management protocol for COVID pregnant women and detection of improvement proposals applying clinical simulation methodology

INTRODUCCIÓN: La pandemia actual de SARS-CoV-2 ha supuesto la mayor crisis sociosanitaria mundial experimentada en el último siglo. Cada centro asistencial se ha visto impelido a adecuar las guías de tratamiento establecidas por las distintas sociedades científicas. OBJETIVOS: Analizar el impacto de la metodología basada en la simulación como herramienta de mejora de nuestra práctica clínica: dinámica de trabajo, efectividad y seguridad de todos los facultativos implicados en el manejo del parto en gestantes COVID y su utilidad para facilitar la adecuación de los protocolos a un contexto clínico específico. MÉTODO: Estudio observacional descriptivo que incluye las cesáreas y partos de gestante COVID realizados en nuestro hospital. Se analizaron de manera multidisciplinar las actuaciones ejecutadas utilizando las herramientas de la simulación briefing y debriefing, antes y después de cada caso. RESULTADOS: Se analizaron un total de 5 casos clínicos. Se encontraron dificultades en la ejecución de los protocolos establecidos para la atención de la gestante COVID a nivel organizativo, estructural, de recursos materiales y de factores humanos. CONCLUSIONES: Este modelo de análisis ha resultado una herramienta de gran valor en tres aspectos: la mejora del trabajo en equipo, la realización de protocolos de actuación consensuados y el establecimiento de propuestas efectivas para la adecuación de los protocolos

INTRODUCTION: The current SARS-CoV-2 pandemic has been the world's largest socio-health crisis experienced in the last century. Each healthcare center has been compelled to adapt the treatment guidelines established by the different scientific societies. OBJECTIVES: Analyze the impact of the methodology based on simulation as a tool to improve our clinical practice: work dynamics, effectiveness and safety of all the physicians involved in the management of labor in COVID pregnant women and its usefulness to facilitate the adaptation of protocols to a specific clinical context. METHOD: Descriptive observational study that includes the C-sections and deliveries of COVID pregnant women performed in our hospital. The actions carried out in each procedure were analyzed using the simulation multidisciplinary briefing and debriefing tools, before and after each case. RESULTS: A total of 5 clinical cases were analyzed. Difficulties were found in the execution of the protocols established for the care of the COVID pregnant. Organizational, structural, material resources and human factors obstacles were the most common. CONCLUSIONS: Our results showed that the analysis example using simulation methodology was a tool of great value in three aspects: teamwork improvement, actions consent and improvement proposals for the adaptation and implementation of protocols

Analysis of the care management protocol for COVID pregnant women and detection of improvement proposals applying clinical simulation methodology. / Análisis del protocolo de atención a las gestantes COVID y detección de puntos de mejora aplicando metodología de simulación clínica.

INTRODUCTION: The current SARS-CoV-2 pandemic has been the world's largest socio-health crisis experienced in the last century. Each healthcare center has been compelled to adapt the treatment guidelines established by the different scientific societies. OBJECTIVES: Analyze the impact of the methodology based on simulation as a tool to improve our clinical practice: work dynamics, effectiveness and safety of all the physicians involved in the management of labor in COVID pregnant women and its usefulness to facilitate the adaptation of protocols to a specific clinical context. METHOD: Descriptive observational study that includes the C-sections and deliveries of COVID pregnant women performed in our hospital. The actions carried out in each procedure were analyzed using the simulation multidisciplinary briefing and debriefing tools, before and after each case. RESULTS: A total of 5 clinical cases were analyzed. Difficulties were found in the execution of the protocols established for the care of the COVID pregnant. Organizational, structural, material resources and human factors obstacles were the most common. CONCLUSIONS: Our results showed that the analysis example using simulation methodology was a tool of great value in three aspects: teamwork improvement, actions consent and improvement proposals for the adaptation and implementation of protocols.

Evaluación de los resultados de aprendizaje de un curso de introducción a la anestesiología basado en simulación clínica / Learning outcomes evaluation of a simulation-based introductory course to anaesthesia

Objetivo. Se han evidenciado más errores y menor seguridad de los pacientes durante el periodo de incorporación de los residentes. Se evaluaron los resultados de aprendizaje de las competencias de valoración y control de la vía aérea, y cateterización epidural tras un curso de introducción a la anestesiología basado en simulación clínica antes de comenzar las rotaciones. Material y método. Participaron 12 residentes de anestesiología. Se estudió la transferencia de las competencias aprendidas durante el curso a la clínica (variable principal). Se utilizó una rúbrica de 28 habilidades y comportamientos para evaluar la primera intubación supervisada en pacientes ASA I/II. La variable secundaria fue el grado de autoeficacia para realizar la cateterización epidural y se valoró mediante preguntas de autoevaluación. Se realizó una encuesta de satisfacción. Se describieron las variables cualitativas (método Wilson) y las numéricas con la media y la desviación estándar (tras la prueba de Shapiro-Wilk). Resultados. Durante la primera intubación en pacientes se encontró que el 75% de los participantes completaron más de 21 habilidades de valoración y control de la vía aérea de un total de 28. Doce fueron completadas por todos ellos y 5 por la mitad. Más del 83% de los participantes refirieron un alto grado de autoeficacia para la cateterización epidural. Todos los participantes recomendarían el curso. Conclusiones. El rendimiento de los residentes de anestesiología al realizar por primera vez en pacientes la valoración y control de la vía aérea, y el grado de autoeficacia para la cateterización epidural fueron elevados tras un curso intensivo de simulación al comenzar la residencia (AU)

Objective. An increased number of errors and reduced patient safety have been reported during the incorporation of residents, as this period involves learning new skills. The objectives were to evaluate the learning outcomes of an immersive simulation boot-camp for incoming residents before starting the clinical rotations. Airway assessment, airway control with direct laryngoscopy, and epidural catheterization competencies were evaluated. Material and method. Twelve first-year anaesthesiology residents participated. A prospective study to evaluate transfer of endotracheal intubation skills learned at the simulation centre to clinical practice (primary outcome) was conducted. A checklist of 28 skills and behaviours was used to assess the first supervised intubation performed during anaesthesia induction in ASA I/II patients. Secondary outcome was self-efficacy to perform epidural catheterization. A satisfaction survey was also performed. Results. Seventy-five percent of residents completed more than 21 out of 28 skills and behaviours to assess and control the airway during their first intubation in patients. Twelve items were performed by all residents and 5 by half of them. More than 83% of participants reported a high level of self-efficacy in placing an epidural catheter. All participants would recommend the course to their colleagues. Conclusions. A focused intensive simulation-based boot-camp addressing key competencies required to begin anaesthesia residency was well received, and led to transfer of airway management skills learned to clinical settings when performing for first time on patients, and to increased self-reported efficacy in performing epidural catheterization (AU)

Learning outcomes evaluation of a simulation-based introductory course to anaesthesia. / Evaluación de los resultados de aprendizaje de un curso de introducción a la anestesiología basado en simulación clínica.

OBJECTIVE: An increased number of errors and reduced patient safety have been reported during the incorporation of residents, as this period involves learning new skills. The objectives were to evaluate the learning outcomes of an immersive simulation boot-camp for incoming residents before starting the clinical rotations. Airway assessment, airway control with direct laryngoscopy, and epidural catheterization competencies were evaluated. MATERIAL AND METHOD: Twelve first-year anaesthesiology residents participated. A prospective study to evaluate transfer of endotracheal intubation skills learned at the simulation centre to clinical practice (primary outcome) was conducted. A checklist of 28 skills and behaviours was used to assess the first supervised intubation performed during anaesthesia induction in ASA I/II patients. Secondary outcome was self-efficacy to perform epidural catheterization. A satisfaction survey was also performed. RESULTS: Seventy-five percent of residents completed more than 21 out of 28 skills and behaviours to assess and control the airway during their first intubation in patients. Twelve items were performed by all residents and 5 by half of them. More than 83% of participants reported a high level of self-efficacy in placing an epidural catheter. All participants would recommend the course to their colleagues. CONCLUSIONS: A focused intensive simulation-based boot-camp addressing key competencies required to begin anaesthesia residency was well received, and led to transfer of airway management skills learned to clinical settings when performing for first time on patients, and to increased self-reported efficacy in performing epidural catheterization.

Estenosis hipertrófica de píloro y anestesia espinal / Hypertrophic pyloric stenosis and spinal anesthesia

Introducción: La realización de la piloromiotomía extramucosa con abordaje umbilical o supraumbilical bajo anestesia espinal puede contribuir a la disminución de la morbimortalidad potencial asociada al tratamiento quirúrgico de la estenosis hipertrófica de píloro (EHP).Pacientes y métodos: Se realizó un estudio retrospectivo de 60 pacientes con EHP. Se analizaron la edad al diagnóstico, clínica, tipo de anestesia y evolución postoperatoria. En 50 pacientes se indujo anestesia general con atropina,fentanilo, propofol, succinil-colina y sevoflurano. En 10pacientes se realizó bloqueo espinal con bupivacaína 0,5%hiperbárica espinal y sedación con bolos de propofol. Resultados: La edad media al diagnóstico fue de 34,07días. Todos presentaron vómitos proyectivos, y se asociaron a pérdida de peso (33,3%), irritabilidad (15%), deshidratación(6,6%), ictericia (5%) y estreñimiento (5%). El tiempo medio de evolución fue de 4,8 días. El diagnóstico se realizó mediante ecografía abdominal en todos los casos. En los casos de anestesia espinal, el bloqueo se instauró en menos de 10 minutos, los niveles sensitivos alcanzados oscilaron entre T3-T5 y el tiempo medio de duración fue de 60minutos. En ningún caso se registró bradicardia <100 latidos/minuto, saturación <95%, apneas >15 segundos, ni cambios en la tensión arterial >15%. El inicio medio de la tolerancia oral fue de 18,7 horas para los pacientes intervenidos con anestesia general, y de 9,5 horas para el grupo de anestesia espinal. Un paciente precisó ingreso postoperatorio en la UCI pediátrica por necesidad de intubación prolongada. Conclusiones: La anestesia espinal en la piloromiotomía extramucosa es una alternativa segura a la anestesia general. El acceso y las condiciones quirúrgicas son iguales a los realizados bajo anestesia general. Nuestros resultados sugieren que puede disminuir el tiempo de inicio de toleranci aoral y de ingreso hospitalarios (AU)

Background: The pyloromyotomy procedure with umbilicalor supraumbilical incision is generally performed undergeneral anesthesia. Potential morbimortality is associated with postoperative apnoea and pulmonary aspiration. Spinal anesthesia may contribute to decrease these complications. Patients and methods: We report a retrospective study of60 patients with congenital pyloric stenosis (CPS). We analyzed the age at diagnosis, symptoms, anesthesia and postoperative outcome. Fifty patients received general anesthesia with atropine, fentanyl, propofol, succinylcholine and sevoflurane. Ten patients underwent spinal anesthesia with hyperbaricbupivacaine 0,5% and bolus of propofol for sedation. Results: Mean age at diagnosis was 34,07 days. All the patients were admitted because of projectile vomiting, with weight loss (33,3%), irritability (15%), dehydratation (6,6%),jaundice (5%) and constipation (5%). Mean time of symptoms was 4,8 days. The diagnosis was made with abdominal ultrasounds in all patients. In case of spinal anesthesia, the blockade was effective in less than 10 minutes, the sensory level was between T3-T5 and it lasted a medium time of 60 minutes. In no case we registered bradycardia <100beats/minute, saturation <95%, apnoeas >15 seconds, or changes in arterial pressure >15%. Start of oral intake began18,7 hours postsurgery in the general anesthesia group, and9,5 hours in the spinal anesthesia group, although there was no statistically significant differences. One patient of the general anesthesia group was admitted in the pediatric intensive care unit for prolonged apnoea. Conclusions: Spinal anesthesia for pyloromyotomy is a safe alternative to general anesthesia. The surgical incision and conditions are the same as those related to general anesthesia. Our results suggest that the beginning of oral intake and total hospital stay could be reduced (AU)

Intubación difícil imprevista secundaria a una arteria subclavia derecha aberrante / Unforseen difficult intubation related to an aberrant right subclavian artery

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