Determining the geographical origin of Sechium edule fruits by multielement analysis and advanced chemometric techniques.

This paper describes the determination and evaluation of the major and trace element composition (Al, As, Ba, Ca, Cd, Co, Cu, Fe, K, Mg, Mn, Na, Pb, Sr and Zn) of Sechium edule (Jacq) Swartz fruits collected from four different places of production in Corrientes province, Argentina. Element concentrations were determined by using inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP OES) after microwave digestion. The accuracy was confirmed with standard reference material of spinach leaves (NIST, 1570a) and spiking tests. Principal component analysis (PCA), linear discriminant analysis (LDA), k-nearest neighbors (kNN), partial least square-discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) and support vector machine (SVM) were applied to the results for discriminating the geographical origin of S. edule fruits. Finally, the LDA method was found to perform best with up to 90% accuracy rate based on the following elements: Ca, Ba, Cu, Mn, Na, Sr, and Zn.

Multivariate characterization of argentinean mistletoe,Ligaria cuneifolia (Loranthaceae) according to theirmineral nutrient composition / Caracterización multivariable de muérdago criollo, Ligaria cuneifolia (Loranthaceae) de acuerdo a su composición mineral

The aim of this study was to characterize samples of Ligaria cuneifolia collected from three areas of the north-east region of Argentina, during two sampling periods. In this work, the authors propose a mathematical model for searching associations among mineral contents and other factors such us geographic origin or sampling period. Mineral monitoring as a pattern recognition method is a promising tool in the characterization and/or standardization of phytomedicines. In the present work measurable amounts of Al, Ca, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, K, Li, Mg, Mn, Na, P, Sr, and Zn were detected in phytopharmaceutical samples of L. cuneifolia by inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES). Finally, this methodology allows reliable determinations of mineral content in pharmaceutical quality control of medicinal plants.

El objetivo de este estudio fue caracterizar muestras de Ligaria cuneifolia recolectadas en tres zonas de la región noreste de Argentina, durante dos períodos de muestreo. En este trabajo los autores proponen un modelo matemático para la búsqueda de asociaciones entre el contenido mineral y otros factores como el origen geográfico o el periodo de muestreo. El monitoreo de las concentraciones de los elementos minerales, como método para el reconocimiento de patrones, es una herramienta prometedora en la caracterización y/o estandarización de fitofármacos. En el presente trabajo se pudieron detectar cantidades medibles de Al, Ca, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, K, Li, Mg, Mn, Na, P, Sr y Zn que fueron detectadas en muestras fitomedicinales de L. cuneifolia por espectroscopía de emisión óptica de plasma acoplado inductivamente (ICP-OES). Finalmente, esta metodología permitió realizar determinaciones confiables del contenido mineral en el control de calidad farmacéutica de plantas medicinales.