A Century of Evolution in Spine Surgery Publications: A Bibliometric Analysis of the Field From 1900 to 2023.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Spine surgery has advanced in concert with our deeper understanding of its elements. Narrowly focused bibliometric analyses have been conducted previously, but never on the entire corpus of the field. Using big data and bibliometrics, we appraised the entire corpus of spine surgery publications to study the evolution of the specialty as a scholarly field since 1900. METHODS: We queried Web of Science for all contents from 13 major publications dedicated to spine surgery. We next queried by topic [topic = (spine OR spinal OR vertebrae OR vertebral OR intervertebral OR disc OR disk)]; these results were filtered to include articles published by 49 other publications that were manually determined to contain pertinent articles. Articles, along with their metadata, were exported. Statistical and bibliometric analyses were performed using the Bibliometrix R package and various Python packages. RESULTS: Eighty-five thousand five hundred articles from 62 journals and 134 707 unique authors were identified. The annual growth rate of publications was 2.78%, with a surge after 1980, concurrent with the growth of specialized journals. International coauthorship, absent before 1970, increased exponentially with the formation of influential spine study groups. Reference publication year spectroscopy allowed us to identify 200 articles that comprise the historical roots of modern spine surgery and each of its subdisciplines. We mapped the emergence of new topics and saw a recent lexical evolution toward outcomes- and patient-centric terms. Female and minority coauthorship has increased since 1990, but remains low, and disparities across major publications persist. CONCLUSION: The field of spine surgery was borne from pioneering individuals who published their findings in a variety of journals. The renaissance of spine surgery has been powered by international collaboration and is increasingly outcomes focused. While spine surgery is gradually becoming more diverse, there is a clear need for further promotion and outreach to under-represented populations.

Sarcoidosis y cáncer de páncreas. Presentación de un caso / Sarcoidosis and pancreatic cancer. A case presentation

La sarcoidosis es una enfermedad granulomatosa de causa desconocida, sin embargo existen reacciones similares a lasarcoidosis, o reacciones sarcoideas, que pueden estar relacionadas tanto con procesos oncológicos como con sus trata-mientos, siendo infrecuente su asociación en los casos de carcinoma de páncreas, por lo que es fundamental tener encuenta esta entidad y realizar confirmación citohistológica antes de considerar la afectación mediastínica como progresióntumoral metastásica, para lo cual es de gran utilidad la ecobroncoscopia, como una técnica mínimamente invasiva y conalta rentabilidad en el diagnóstico diferencial de estas entidades. Describimos el caso de una paciente con adenocarcino-ma pancreático que desarrolló una reacción sarcoidea durante la evolución de su enfermedad.(AU)

Sarcoidosis is a granulomatous disease of unknown cause, however, there are reactions similar to sarcoidosis or sarcoidreactions, which may be related to both oncological processes and their treatments, their association being infrequent incases of pancreatic carcinoma, therefore that it is essential take into account and perform cytohistological confirmation be-fore considering mediastinal involvement as metastatic tumour progression, for which ultrasound bronchoscopy is veryuseful as a minimally invasive technique with high profitability in the differential diagnosis of these entities. We describe thecase of a patient with pancreatic adenocarcinoma who developed a sarcoid reaction during the course of disease.(AU)

Lumbar Epidural Cavernous Hemangioma: A Case Report and Review of the Literature.

Pure epidural cavernous hemangioma (ECH) of the spine are rare and account for only 4% of all epidural spinal lesions. We report a case of epidural cavernoma at L3/4 presenting with L4 radiculopathy. Radiological, intraoperative findings and histopathology are presented. We present the case of a 56-year-old man who was admitted with a right L4 radiculopathy including an M4 paresis of the right leg, hypoesthesia L4, and radicular pain. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) confirmed an extradural lesion L3/4 partially expanding into the right intervertebral foramen. The lesion had a heterogeneous signal, isointense on T1-weighted and hyperintense on proton density (PD) and T2-weighted images. At surgery, an epidural, ovoid, gray-red, soft mass, lightly adherent to the dura and extending to the right L4 foramen was observed. Findings in the histological examination indicated a cavernous hemangioma without signs of hemorrhage. Symptoms and paresis improved rapidly after surgery. The follow-up MRI showed complete resection of the lesion with no signs of radicular compression. Spinal ECH should be considered as a cause of chronic lumbar radiculopathy with atypical radiological findings. Early diagnosis and total removal of the spinal ECH might prevent hemorrhage and neurological deficits. Fewer than 50 cases of lumbar epidural spinal hemangioma have been reported until today, and our case report is adding valuable knowledge to the existing literature.

Endobronchial cryotherapy for a mycetoma.

Mycetoma is defined as a fungus ball that fills a preexisting lung cavity, most frequently being of tuberculous or sarcoid etiology. The most frequently isolated fungus is the species of Aspergillus, but other fungi such as Fusarium or Zygomycetes can also be present. Most patients lack symptoms. However, presentation may also be with hemoptysis, which can be massive and life-threatening. We describe the case of a 50-year-old man with a history of prior pulmonary tuberculosis, with recurrent episodes of cough and hemoptysis. He was diagnosed to have mycetoma in the left upper lobe cavity. The mycetoma was extracted through bronchoscopy under general anesthesia using a cryoprobe. Treatment was completed with amphotericin B instilled in the cavity and the patient was placed on oral itraconazole. This is the first case report to date in which cryotherapy was used to remove a mycetoma.

Use of an endoscopy face mask in patients with gastric distention undergoing noninvasive ventilation for acute respiratory failure: a comparative case study report.

We describe the use of an endoscopy face mask with a perforated membrane, which allows a nasogastric tube for continuous noninvasive ventilation in acute hypercapnic respiratory failure, in 2 patients who developed gastric distention. This interface was able to avoid most nonintentional leaks through the mask, as compared with a conventional approach, improving ventilation efficiency. To our knowledge, this is the first case report of an endoscopy face mask used in noninvasive ventilation for this specific side effect.