Internet addiction and associated factors among undergraduate students of Jimma University; Jimma, South West Ethiopia, institutional based cross-sectional study.

BACKGROUND: Internet addiction affects cognitive function, has a harmful impact on students' academic performance, and increases their risk of experiencing psychological crises. OBJECTIVES: Examining the prevalence of internet addiction and its contributing factors among regular undergraduate students at Jimma University in south-west Ethiopia. METHODS: An institutional-based cross-sectional study was conducted among study participants between August 1 and August 30, 2021. A total of 772 Participants were involved in the study using a multistage random sampling technique. Data was collected using pretested and structured questionnaires with self-administered techniques. The Young Internet Addiction Test (YIAT) was used to measure internet addiction. The data was entered into the computer using Epi Data version 4.6, and then it was exported to the Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) version 25 for analysis. The association between each independent variable and the outcome variable was examined using bivariate analysis. Variables with a p-value of less than 0.25 in bivariate analysis were included in the multivariate logistic regression model to determine how each independent variable affected the outcome variable. RESULT: The prevalence of internet addiction among study participants was 53.6% (95% Confidence Interval (CI)) (49.99%, 57.15%). Findings from multivariate logistic regression analysis suggested a variety of related factors had significant associations with internet addiction. Being dissatisfied with a major study, having a cumulative grade point average of a promoted grade report, using the internet for entertainment, using the internet for Facebook, using the internet for telegram, depression, social anxiety, and poor social support. CONCLUSION: This study revealed a comparatively high frequency of internet addiction among study participants. Internet addiction has been linked to psychosocial, academic, and purpose-related aspects of internet use. As a result, incorporating stakeholders' efforts to improve the identified variables would be a helpful start toward lowering this high incidence.

Prevalence of common mental disorders and associated factors among adults living in Harari regional state, eastern Ethiopia: a community based cross-sectional study.

Background: Common mental disorders are highly prevalent in the population, affecting people across all regions of the world. In Ethiopia, mental disorders are the leading non-communicable disorders. World Health Organization (WHO) report shows that 4,480,113 (4.7%) and 3,139,003 (3.3%) people in Ethiopia are estimated to suffer from depression and anxiety, respectively. However, there are only limited studies conducted on common mental disorders in Africa including Ethiopia. Even if there was a previous study conducted among Harari regional state residents 7 years back, nowadays there are many possible factors that could increase the prevalence of common mental disorders in the community like the novel coronavirus pandemic, ethnic war, and current socio-economic crises in Ethiopia. Objective: To assess the prevalence of common mental disorders and associated factors among adult residents of Harari regional state, eastern Ethiopia. Methods: A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted from March 1 to March 30, 2022. A systematic random sampling technique was used to select 1,192 study participants. Data were collected by interviewer-administered structured and semi-structured questionnaires. A common mental disorder was assessed by the Self-Reporting Questionnaire of 20-Item (SRQ-20) questionnaire. Data were entered into Epi Data version 3.2 and exported to Stata Version 16 for analysis. The multivariable binary logistic regression analysis with a 95% confidence interval and p < 0.05 was used to identify factors associated with common mental disorders. Result: From a total of 1,192 eligible participants, 1,168 responded to this survey, giving a response rate of 97.98%. The prevalence of common mental disorders among adults in the Harari Region of this study was 21.31% (95% CI, 18.8-23.60). Being female with Adjusted Odds Ratios (AOR = 1.31, 95%CI, 1.09-2.09), single (AOR = 2.03, 95%CI, 1.37-3.01), divorced (AOR = 3.06, 95%CI, 1.97-4.76), widowed (AOR = 1.79, 95%CI, 1.23-3.26), unemployed (AOR = 1.97, 95%CI, 1.18-3.31), having family history of mental illness (AOR = 3.17, 95%CI, 1.54-6.96) and age greater or equal to 55 years (AOR = 105, 95%CI, 1.69-3.54) were statistically associated with common mental disorders. Conclusion: The prevalence of common mental disorder in the study area was sharply increased. Being female, single, divorced, widowed, family history of mental illness, being unemployed and age greater or equal to 55 years old were statistically positively associated with common mental disorder. Considering these determinants, screening, early identification, and providing appropriate intervention for common mental disorders in the community should be of great concern.

Cancellation of elective surgery and associated factors among patients scheduled for elective surgeries in public hospitals in Harari regional state, Eastern Ethiopia.

Background: Canceling elective surgeries is a significant problem in many hospitals leading to patient dissatisfaction, increased costs, and emotional trauma for patients and their families. Despite this, there is limited information about the cancellation of elective surgeries in Ethiopia, mainly in the study area. Objective: This study aimed to assess the magnitude of cancellation and associated factors among patients scheduled for elective surgeries in public hospitals in the Harari Regional State, Eastern Ethiopia, from 1 August to 30 August 2021. Methods: A hospital-based cross-sectional study was conducted on 378 patients scheduled for elective surgeries. Data were gathered using a non-random sequential sampling approach. In addition, a structured face-to-face interviewer-administered questionnaire was employed. The gathered information was input into Epidata version 3.1 and then exported to Statistical Package for Social Software version 26. To find the variables associated with the cancellation of elective surgeries, binary and multi-variable logistic regression analyses were conducted. In the binary analysis, all variables with a p-value of less than 0.25 were included in the multivariable analysis. Finally, a 0.05 p-value with a 95% confidence interval and an adjusted odds ratio was used to declare a significant association. Results: This study included 378 patients scheduled for elective surgeries. Among those, 35.2% of the surgeries were canceled (95% confidence interval: 29.4-39.6). Being female (adjusted odds ratio: 2.46; 95% confidence interval: 1.44-4.203), lack of formal education (adjusted odds ratio: 2.03; 95% confidence interval: 1.15-3.58), place of residence (adjusted odds ratio: 1.70; 95% confidence interval: 1.03-2.81), increase in blood pressure (adjusted odds ratio: 5.09; 95% confidence interval:1.90-13.59), and ophthalmologic surgery (adjusted odds ratio: 3.76; 95% confidence interval: 1.41-10.0) were factors associated with the cancellation of elective surgeries. Conclusion: In this study, nearly one third of scheduled elective surgery was canceled. The primary contributing variables to the surgery cancellations were being female, lack of formal education, place of residence, ophthalmologic surgery, and increased blood pressure. Therefore, timely evidence-based reporting through the supervision team was advised to decrease cancellations.

Follow-up conditions of care and associated factors among adult hypertensive patients during COVID-19 at West Arsi public health facilities, Southeastern Ethiopia: A multi-center cross-sectional study.

Background: Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is a viral-borne infection caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus. Aside from the morbidity and mortality effects, it leaves the majority of hypertensive patients untreated and vulnerable to uncontrolled hypertension. Objective: The purpose of this study was to assess follow-up conditions of care and its associated factors among adult hypertensive patients during COVID-19 in public health facilities of West Arsi, Southeastern Ethiopia. Methods: A health facility-based retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted among 423 adult hypertensive patients in the West Arsi public health facilities from July 5 to August 6, 2021. A systematic random sampling technique was used to recruit the study participants. A pretested structured face-to-face interviewer and medical records were used to collect sociodemographic variables, basic clinical features, and follow-up data. The follow-up conditions of care were assessed using 12 items with "yes or no" questions. Then, based on the mean value of the items, the follow-up conditions of care were dichotomized into good and poor. As a result, the follow-up condition was good if the score was greater or equal to the mean, and poor unless otherwise. To investigate parameters related with follow-up conditions of care, bivariable and multivariable logistic regression analyses were used. A 95% confidence interval and a p-value of 0.05 were used to indicate a significant association. Results: The rate of poor follow-up conditions of care during COVID-19 was 29% (95% confidence interval: 24.9-33.4%), according to this study. Age ≥ 60 years (AOR = 3.55; 95% CI: 2.09-6.03), transportation problem (AOR = 2.43; 95% CI: 1.28-4.61), fear of COVID-19 (AOR = 3.34; 95% CI: 1.59-7.01), co-morbidity (AOR = 1.93; 95% CI: 1.14-3.26) and physical distancing (AOR = 2.43; 95% CI: 1.44-4.12) were significantly associated with poor follow-up conditions of care. Conclusions: In our study, 29% of the participants had poor follow-up care conditions. When compared to WHO recommendations, the findings of this study may explain poor follow-up care conditions. To enhance patients' follow-up treatment, evidence-based target interventions should be designed and executed, taking into account individuals at high risks, such as those over the age of 60 and those with comorbidities, and identifying additional risk factors.

Practice of breast self-examination and associated factors among female health professionals working in public hospitals of Harari regional state: Eastern Ethiopia multicenter study.

Breast cancer is the most frequent malignancy among women in both developed and developing countries. Early detection of breast cancer using breast self-examination plays a substantial role in reducing its morbidity and mortality. Despite improved availability of health information the morbidity and mortality caused by breast cancer among females were increasing from time to time and there is no information regarding the practice of breast self-examination in our study area. Objective: This study was aimed at assessing breast self-examination practice and associated factors among female health professionals who were working in public hospitals of Harari Regional State in 2022. Methods: Institutional-based quantitative cross-sectional study design was used to assess the practice of breast self-examination and associated factors among female health professionals who have been working in a public hospital in Harari regional state from March 25 to April 05, 2022. The study subjects were selected using a simple random sampling technique and data were collected by a self-administered and structured questionnaire. The collected data was edited, cleaned, coded, and entered into Epi-Data version 3.1 software and analyzed using the statistical package for social science software version 20. Bivariable and multivariable logistic regression analysis was carried out to see the association between independent and dependent variables. Variable with P-value less than 0.05 at final model were regarded as statistically significant. Result: Among a total of 362 female health professionals, 171 (47.2%) respondents were ever practiced breast self-examination, 229(63.3%) had good knowledge of breast self-examination and 252(69.6%) had a favorable attitude toward breast self-examination. Work experience of ≥5 year (AOR = 2.51; 95% CI: 1.31-4.82), educational status of degree and above (AOR = 7.2; 95% CI: 3.82-10.58), good knowledge about breast self-examination (AOR = 3.4; 95% CI: 1.41-5.40) and favorable attitude toward breast self-examination (AOR = 3.1; 95% CI: 2.11-4.10) were significantly associated with breast self-examination practice. Conclusion: The finding of this study implies that the practice of breast self-examination among female health professionals is low. Work experience of ≥5 year, educational status of degree and above, having a good knowledge and favorable attitude toward breast self-examination were significantly associated with breast self-examination.

Uncontrolled hypertension and associated factors among adult hypertensive patients on follow-up at public hospitals, Eastern Ethiopia: A multicenter study.

Objective: The aim of this study was to assess the magnitude of uncontrolled hypertension and associated factors among adult hypertensive patients on follow-up at public hospitals in Eastern Ethiopia. Methods: A hospital-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 415 hypertensive patients in Eastern Ethiopia from June 15 to July 15, 2021. A systematic random sampling technique was used to select the study participants. Data were collected through face-to-face interviews and reviewing patients' charts. Bivariable and multivariable logistic regression analyses were performed to identify factors associated with uncontrolled hypertension. Results: This study revealed that magnitude of uncontrolled hypertension was 48% (95% confidence interval = 43.1%-52.8%). Being male (adjusted odds ratio = 2.05, 95% confidence interval = 1.29-3.26), age ⩾55 years (adjusted odds ratio = 3.16, 95% confidence interval = 1.96-5.08), non-adherence to medication (adjusted odds ratio = 1.83, 95% confidence interval = 1.14-2.94), low diet quality (adjusted odds ratio = 4.04, 95% confidence interval = 2.44-8.44), physically inactive (adjusted odds ratio = 3.20, 95% confidence interval = 1.84-5.56), and having comorbidity (adjusted odds ratio = 3.04, 95% confidence interval = 1.90-4.85) were significantly associated with uncontrolled hypertension. Conclusions: In our sample of hypertensive patients on follow-up at public hospitals in Eastern Ethiopia, half had uncontrolled hypertension. Older age, male sex, non-adherence to antihypertensive medication, low diet quality, physically inactive, and having comorbidity were found to be predictors of uncontrolled hypertension. Therefore, sustained health education on self-care practices with special emphasis on older, males, and patients with comorbid conditions.