RESUMO
We report the MRI appearances in a patient with parametrial malakoplakia. The patient complained of pelvic pain and vaginal discharge. Physical examination revealed a "frozen" pelvis suggestive of malignancy. MRI showed bilateral parametrial "infiltration", but no overt primary pelvic tumour. The combination of these findings together with the inflammatory symptoms suggested an inflammatory condition. Malakoplakia was confirmed at resective biopsy.
Assuntos
Imageamento por Ressonância Magnética , Malacoplasia/diagnóstico , Parametrite/patologia , Diafragma da Pelve/patologia , Biópsia , Feminino , Humanos , Malacoplasia/patologia , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Dor Pélvica/patologia , Exame Físico , Descarga Vaginal/patologiaRESUMO
PURPOSE: High risk human papillomaviruses (HPV) are implicated in the aetiology of malignant cervical disease. The usefulness of HPV DNA tests in identifying women at risk of cervical cancer as an adjunct to cervical cytology is under evaluation. PATIENTS AND METHODS: This is a retrospective analysis of 47 women positive for high risk HPV but with negative cytology and negative colposcopy at the start of the study. Women were observed for three years or more (in 96% cases) using six-monthly combined HPV DNA tests, cytological and colposcopic evaluation. RESULTS: At the end of follow-up, 29/47 (62%) women were still positive for high risk HPV, 45/47 (96%) women had normal cytology and 47/47 (100%) women continued to have normal colposcopy. CONCLUSIONS: Normal colposcopy has an excellent negative predictive value for HPV positive women with normal cytology. These women can be safely screened cytologically on a three-yearly basis.
Assuntos
Colposcopia/normas , DNA Viral/isolamento & purificação , Papillomaviridae/genética , Infecções por Papillomavirus/virologia , Infecções Tumorais por Vírus/virologia , Neoplasias do Colo do Útero/virologia , Adulto , Feminino , Humanos , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Papillomaviridae/isolamento & purificação , Infecções por Papillomavirus/diagnóstico , Valor Preditivo dos Testes , Estudos Retrospectivos , Infecções Tumorais por Vírus/diagnóstico , Neoplasias do Colo do Útero/diagnóstico , Esfregaço VaginalAssuntos
Comunicação , Serviços de Planejamento Familiar , Adolescente , Adulto , Fatores Etários , Atitude , China , Demografia , Escolaridade , Etnicidade , Feminino , Humanos , Serviços de Informação , Relações Interpessoais , Liderança , Malásia , Paridade , População Rural , Fatores Socioeconômicos , Técnicas Sociométricas , População UrbanaRESUMO
A technique for accurately figuring very thin, lightweight lenses is discussed. The phase change required to focus a plane wave into a point is calculated and photographically plotted with exposure proportional to phase (scaled from 0 to 2pi). The plot is photoreduced and the photoreduction is etched, with the depth of etch approximately proportional to the exposure. The result is a kinoform lens. Photographs taken with a kinoform lens are included.