High-definition chromoendoscopy results in more significant dysplasia detection than white light endoscopy with random biopsies in ulcerative colitis patients: A single-center retrospective study.

The goal of this study was to determine whether high-definition white light endoscopy with random biopsies (HD-WLR) or chromoendoscopy (HDCE) yielded a higher dysplasia detection rate in ulcerative colitis patients. Ulcerative colitis (UC) patients have a 2.4-fold increased future risk of developing colorectal cancer compared to the general population and require careful dysplasia screening modalities. Both HD-WLR and HDCE are regularly used, and recent guidelines do not suggest a preference. UC patients who underwent dysplasia surveillance at our site between January 2019 and 2021 were retrospectively reviewed. We calculated the dysplasia detection rate of both techniques at the first CRC screening colonoscopy. Eighteen dysplastic lesions were detected in total, 3 by HD-WLR and fifteen by HDCE. Dysplasia was detected in 4% (3/75) and 20% (15/75) of UC patients by HD-WLR and HDCE respectively, with significantly fewer biopsies (4.44 ±â€…4.3 vs 29.1 ±â€…13.0) required using the former. HD-WLR detected 2 polypoid and one non-polypoid lesion, while HDCE detected eleven polypoid and 4 non-polypoid lesions. No invisible dysplasia or colorectal cancer was detected. Screening was performed at 10.8 ±â€…4.8 and 9.72 ±â€…3.05 years following UC diagnosis for HDCE and HD-WLR respectively. Median withdrawal time was 9.0 ±â€…2.7 minutes (HD-WLR) vs 9.6 + 3.9 minutes (HDCE). HDCE is associated with higher dysplasia detection rates compared to HD-WLR in a UC patient population. Given the former technique is less tedious and costly, our findings complement existing studies that suggest HDCE may be considered over HD-WLR for UC dysplasia surveillance.

Routine Elective Gastrojejunostomy Tube Changes Are Associated With Reduced Tube Complications and Radiation Exposure.

Gastrojejunostomy tubes (GJTs) can be a long-term solution for patients with intragastric feeding intolerance. Our retrospective study of 101 patients correlates the frequency of routine and urgent GJT changes, as well as complications and radiation exposure. Over a 2.75-year median duration, 60%, 33%, and 28% of patients had >1 episodes of a tube dislodgement/malpositioning, blockage, or leakage, respectively. Aspiration pneumonia hospital admission was required for 23% of patients. Patients with <1 routine tube change/year had more urgent changes/year (3.0) compared to patients with 1-2 (1.2) or >2 (0.8) routine yearly change. These patients required more frequent sedation for tube placement (21% vs 4.7%, P = 0.03) and experienced greater annual radiation exposure (9599 vs 304.5 and 69.1 µGym 2 , P = 0.01 and 0.008, respectively). Overall, aiming for a routine tube change at least every 6-12 months is associated with fewer urgent changes and complications as well as reduced radiation exposure and sedation requirements.

Anesthesiology Residency Training and the Anesthesia Toolbox: Five Years of Experience With a Collaboratively Developed Peer-Reviewed e-Learning System.

The Internet is a source of professional self-education for medical students and residents. Unfortunately, much of the content discovered through search engines is of insufficient quality for professional education. The Anesthesia Toolbox (AT) was developed to provide online peer-reviewed educational resources for anesthesiology trainees and faculty. Since 2014, AT has developed 24 curricula, 822 content items, and 3238 quiz questions. As of March 2020, 64 anesthesiology residency programs in the United States subscribed to the AT (41% of total). Since the onset of the pandemic in March, AT has added 25 programs (28% increase) and gained 1156 users (26% increase).

Rare cystic mucinous cystadenoma presenting as a scrotal mass.

Recently, our institution reported on a rare primary retroperitoneal mucinous cystadenocarcinoma which was only the second type of this kind of tumor ever reported in a male patient. To our knowledge, we report the first male case of a primary mucinous cystadenoma presenting as an enlarging scrotal mass. These lesions are extremely rare and represent only 0.3% of all appendiceal specimens. Because the number of these tumors remains limited, proven treatment regimens and the necessary follow-up have yet to be elucidated. We hope to provide further insight in the monitoring and treatment of these tumors.