RESUMO
PURPOSE: To evaluate conflicts of interest (COIs) among interventional radiologists and related specialties who mention specific devices or companies on the social media (SoMe) platform X, formerly Twitter. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In total, 13,809 posts between October 7, 2021, and December 31, 2021, on X were evaluated. Posts by U.S. interventional radiologists and related specialties who mentioned a specific device or company were identified. A positive COI was defined as receiving a payment from the device manufacturer or company within 36 months prior to posting. The Center for Medicare & Medicaid Services Open Payment database was used to identify financial payments. The prevalence and value of COIs were assessed and compared between posts mentioning a device or company and a paired control group using descriptive statistics and chi-squared tests and independent t tests. RESULTS: Eighty posts containing the mention of 100 specific devices or companies were evaluated. COIs were present in 53% (53/100). When mentioning a specific device or product, 40% interventional radiologists had a COI, compared with 62% neurosurgeons. Physicians who mentioned a specific device or company were 3.7 times more likely to have a positive COI relative to the paired control group (53/100 vs 14/100; P < .001). Of the 31 physicians with a COI, the median physician received $2,270. None of the positive COIs were disclosed. CONCLUSIONS: Physicians posting on SoMe about a specific device or company are more likely to have a financial COI than authors of posts not mentioning a specific device or company. No disclosure of any COI was present in the posts, limiting followers' ability to weigh potential bias.
RESUMO
Advances in artificial intelligence and machine learning models, like Chat Generative Pre-trained Transformer (ChatGPT), have occurred at a remarkably fast rate. OpenAI released its newest model of ChatGPT, GPT-4, in March 2023. It offers a wide range of medical applications. The model has demonstrated notable proficiency on many medical board examinations. This study sought to assess GPT-4's performance on the Orthopaedic In-Training Examination (OITE) used to prepare residents for the American Board of Orthopaedic Surgery (ABOS) Part I Examination. The data gathered from GPT-4's performance were additionally compared with the data of the previous iteration of ChatGPT, GPT-3.5, which was released 4 months before GPT-4. GPT-4 correctly answered 251 of the 396 attempted questions (63.4%), whereas GPT-3.5 correctly answered 46.3% of 410 attempted questions. GPT-4 was significantly more accurate than GPT-3.5 on orthopedic board-style questions (P<.00001). GPT-4's performance is most comparable to that of an average third-year orthopedic surgery resident, while GPT-3.5 performed below an average orthopedic intern. GPT-4's overall accuracy was just below the approximate threshold that indicates a likely pass on the ABOS Part I Examination. Our results demonstrate significant improvements in OpenAI's newest model, GPT-4. Future studies should assess potential clinical applications as AI models continue to be trained on larger data sets and offer more capabilities. [Orthopedics. 2024;47(2):e85-e89.].
