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2.
J Bone Joint Surg Am ; 66(9): 1438-42, 1984 Dec.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-6548754

RESUMO

We performed biomechanical stress tests preoperatively on the knees of fifty-one patients with an injury to the knee. We measured the amount of anterior and posterior tibial translation at 90 degrees of knee flexion using a roentgenographic technique and a fifty-newton joint load. Knees with an isolated meniscal tear exhibited no abnormal motion. There was no difference in motion of the knee between patients with a rupture of the anterior cruciate ligament and patients with this injury who had had a prior medial meniscectomy. We found that prior knee surgery that was not associated with stability did not adversely affect the test procedure. A significant finding, however, was that only nineteen of twenty-five patients with a ruptured anterior cruciate ligament had greater excursion on the injured side compared with the uninjured knee. Because of this inconsistent result, a biomechanical stress test at 90 degrees of knee flexion measuring anterior and posterior translation under a fifty-newton joint load appears insufficient in itself to be of clinical use.


Assuntos
Traumatismos do Joelho/fisiopatologia , Ligamentos Articulares/lesões , Lesões do Menisco Tibial , Adolescente , Adulto , Fenômenos Biomecânicos , Feminino , Humanos , Traumatismos do Joelho/diagnóstico , Ligamentos Articulares/fisiopatologia , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Movimento , Tíbia/fisiopatologia
3.
J Biomed Mater Res ; 17(5): 829-42, 1983 Sep.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-6619179

RESUMO

A technique for the classification and quantification of damage in retrieved total knee prostheses is presented and applied to the examination of 48 removed total condylar-type knee replacements. The technique involves inspection of all metallic and polyethylene components for evidence of gross deformation, fracture, and damage to articulating surfaces. A grading system was developed to quantitate surface damage on polyethylene components. Results of the examinations are combined with patient variables (weight, activity level, radiographic findings, time of implantation, and results of histology performed on surrounding tissue) to determine correlations between clinical variables and the mechanical damage experienced by the prostheses. For the 48 total condylar-type prostheses, significant positive correlations were found for the surface damage correlated with the patient's weight and the time the prosthesis was implanted.


Assuntos
Prótese do Joelho , Fenômenos Biomecânicos , Peso Corporal , Humanos , Prótese do Joelho/efeitos adversos , Metais , Polietilenos , Propriedades de Superfície , Fatores de Tempo
4.
J Bone Joint Surg Am ; 65(7): 992-7, 1983 Sep.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-6885878

RESUMO

Anterior stabilization of severe structural deformities of the spine, especially kyphoscoliosis, at the cervicothoracic level is a difficult surgical procedure. A new combined procedure including anterolateral cervical and posterior transpleural transthoracic approaches to the cervicothoracic spine provided adequate-exposure from the third cervical to the ninth thoracic vertebra and at the same time gave access to the great vessels in the event that control of these became necessary. The procedure has been employed in six patients with severe cervicothoracic kyphoscoliosis. Despite the magnitude of the combined cervical and transthoracic exposure, the patients withstood the procedure well and there were no complications. The fusion was successful in all six patients. The kyphotic deformities were corrected by an average of 26 degrees and the scoliotic curves, by an average of 17 degrees.


Assuntos
Cifose/cirurgia , Escoliose/cirurgia , Fusão Vertebral/métodos , Adolescente , Vértebras Cervicais , Feminino , Humanos , Costelas/cirurgia , Esterno/cirurgia , Vértebras Torácicas
5.
J Bone Joint Surg Am ; 65(5): 619-28, 1983 Jun.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-6853567

RESUMO

We studied the first 100 consecutive patients (125 knees) to undergo knee arthroplasty with the original total condylar-I prosthesis for either osteoarthritis or osteonecrosis on the Knee Service at The Hospital for Special Surgery. They were followed for an average of 6.6 years (range, five to nine years), which is the longest follow-up of a total knee prosthesis that is still widely used in its original and unmodified form. At five to nine years of follow-up, eleven patients (fourteen knees) were dead and ten patients (eleven knees) could not be traced, leaving 100 knees (seventy-nine patients) for clinical evaluation. This included one knee from which the prosthesis was removed for sepsis at six months, four that were revised for pain, and two that were revised because of subluxation. Two patients had a loose tibial component. Sixty-four knees were rated as excellent and twenty-seven were rated as good. There were two fair and seven poor results. Detailed radiographic evaluation of the 100 knees showed that only minimum changes in the varus or valgus alignment or the fixation of the prosthetic components had occurred with time. At follow-up, 41 per cent of the tibial components showed some evidence of radiolucency, although with the exception of the two loose components just mentioned there were no complete or circumferential radiolucent lines. Most radiolucencies were present by the end of the first postoperative year, and in 81 per cent of the knees there was no further change. Although a special attempt was made to determine any evidence of wear of the polyethylene tibial component, we were unable to demonstrate unequivocal wear in any knee. Our experience had led us to conclude that the long-term success of current total knee designs will probably not be significantly affected by polyethylene wear or loss of component fixation. The majority of failures in our series were attributed to errors in surgical technique.


Assuntos
Prótese do Joelho , Osteoartrite/cirurgia , Osteonecrose/cirurgia , Idoso , Feminino , Seguimentos , Humanos , Articulação do Joelho/diagnóstico por imagem , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Polietilenos , Prognóstico , Radiografia
6.
J Bone Joint Surg Am ; 64(5): 691-9, 1982 Jun.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-7085694

RESUMO

An operation is described in which the medial head of the gastrocnemius is firmly fixed by a cancellous screw, through an attached bone block, to the medial femoral condyle to serve as an intraarticular graft for the control of chronic posterior instability of the knee. This procedure was done in eight patients, with a follow-up of twenty-nine to forty-eight months. The delay from injury to reconstruction averaged forty-two months (range, five to eighty-four months). At follow-up, stability was improved in all of the eight patients and the result was rated as good or excellent in six of them. One failure was due to unrelieved pain and in another patient a second injury led to reoperation. Because minimum immobilization is necessary, the postoperative care with this procedure is simplified and the period of rehabilitation is shorter.


Assuntos
Traumatismos do Joelho/cirurgia , Ligamentos Articulares/cirurgia , Músculos/cirurgia , Adolescente , Adulto , Traumatismos em Atletas/cirurgia , Criança , Feminino , Fêmur/cirurgia , Humanos , Traumatismos do Joelho/reabilitação , Ligamentos Articulares/lesões , Masculino , Métodos , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Cuidados Pós-Operatórios , Ruptura
7.
J Bone Joint Surg Am ; 64(3): 347-51, 1982 Mar.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-7061551

RESUMO

Twenty-three postoperative peroneal-nerve palsies in twenty-two patients were documented in the records of 2626 consecutive knee arthroplasties that were performed at The Hospital for Special Surgery from 1974 through 1980. This is an incidence of 0.87 per cent. The preoperative knee deformities included fourteen flexion contractures, eleven valgus deformities, and five biplane deformities. In five patients a peroneal palsy developed despite a peroneal-nerve release at the time of arthroplasty. Only two patients, who initially had only a motor loss, had a complete clinical recovery. Follow-up ranged from six months to seven years (average 3.1 years). Sensory deficits, initially noted in eighteen patients, had not fully resolved in any patient at the time of writing. Although motor deficits were initially noted in all patients, only 28.6 per cent of them fully resolved. The possible causes of the nerve palsy appeared to be direct traction on the nerve, traction on the surrounding tissues resulting in vascular compromise to the nerve, direct pressure on the nerve from the postoperative dressing, or a combination of these factors. When the palsy is discovered, the suggested treatment is a change to a looser dressing and flexion of the knee. The value of surgical exploration of the nerve in the immediate postoperative period is not known.


Assuntos
Prótese do Joelho/efeitos adversos , Paralisia/etiologia , Nervo Fibular , Adolescente , Adulto , Idoso , Artrite Reumatoide/cirurgia , Bandagens/efeitos adversos , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Osteoartrite/cirurgia , Paralisia/reabilitação , Pressão/efeitos adversos , Estudos Retrospectivos , Torniquetes/efeitos adversos
10.
Clin Orthop Relat Res ; (160): 94-105, 1981 Oct.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-7285443

RESUMO

Two hundred twenty-five consecutive total knee replacements were reviewed radiographically to determine final alignment of the leg and accuracy of component placement. Of the 126 knees that were in varus preoperatively, only one knee was found to be in varus after knee replacement. Eighty-nine percent of the knees were found to be in 7 degrees +/- 5 degrees of valgus postoperation, while 7 degrees were in greater than 12 degrees valgus, 4 percent were in neutral position. Severe instability in the mediolateral plane was noted preoperatively in 62 knees in this series. Correction of more than 15 percent of deformity was necessary in 34 varus knee and 15 valgus knees. However, there has been no failure in the series attributable to instability in the mediolateral plane. Anteroposterior stability is controlled by the prosthesis design.


Assuntos
Articulação do Joelho/diagnóstico por imagem , Prótese do Joelho/métodos , Idoso , Fenômenos Biomecânicos , Estudos de Avaliação como Assunto , Feminino , Fêmur/patologia , Humanos , Articulação do Joelho/patologia , Articulação do Joelho/cirurgia , Masculino , Osteoartrite/cirurgia , Desenho de Prótese , Radiografia , Tíbia/patologia
11.
J Bone Joint Surg Am ; 63(7): 1122-31, 1981 Sep.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-7276048

RESUMO

Thirty-eight patients underwent forty lengthenings of the lower extremity between October 1972 and January 1979. There were twenty-four femoral and sixteen tibial lengthenings. The average length gained was 6.59 centimeters for the patients with femoral lengthenings and 4.77 centimeters for those with tibial lengthenings. While the over-all complication rate was high (92 per cent), it did not significantly affect the ultimate goal of equalization of limb length. We think that the Wagner method is the procedure of choice for continuous distraction lengthening when the severity of the limb-length inequality merits major surgical intervention.


Assuntos
Alongamento Ósseo/métodos , Desigualdade de Membros Inferiores/cirurgia , Dispositivos de Fixação Ortopédica , Adolescente , Adulto , Alongamento Ósseo/instrumentação , Criança , Feminino , Fêmur/cirurgia , Humanos , Desigualdade de Membros Inferiores/diagnóstico por imagem , Masculino , Complicações Pós-Operatórias/terapia , Radiografia , Tíbia/cirurgia
12.
Orthopedics ; 4(11): 1241-4, 1981 Nov 01.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-24823251

RESUMO

In an effort to avoid military conscription, an occasional potential draftee would inject olive oil into the knee. The resulting swelling that occured enabled some of these individuals to avoid military service through involuntary induction. The long-term effects of this procedure can now be seen.

13.
J Bone Joint Surg Am ; 62(4): 520-8, 1980.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-6991500

RESUMO

Sixty patients with diastematomyelia were seen over a thirty-year period and congenital scoliosis was found in 60 per cent. All of the patients had associated vertebral abnormalities and most (87 per cent) had a neural deficit. Myelography was helpful in the diagnosis, particularly prior to any procedure that might cause traction on the spinal cord. Laminectomy for removal of the spur was indicated when neural deficits were progressive or before corrective surgery on the spine, and in ten patients the operation alleviated neural sequelae. Observation of patients with diastematomyelia who have no neural deficit or a stable, non-progressing deficit is recommended.


Assuntos
Defeitos do Tubo Neural/complicações , Escoliose/complicações , Adolescente , Adulto , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Mielografia , Defeitos do Tubo Neural/diagnóstico por imagem , Escoliose/congênito , Escoliose/diagnóstico por imagem , Espinha Bífida Oculta/complicações , Fusão Vertebral , Osteofitose Vertebral/complicações , Osteofitose Vertebral/congênito , Osteofitose Vertebral/cirurgia
17.
Psychol Rep ; 33(2): 549-50, 1973 Oct.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-4760839
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