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AIM: Acute bronchiolitis is a lower respiratory tract infection caused by viral agents in children aged under two years. Treatment includes hydration, oxygen, nebulized salbutamol, and intravenous steroids. This study aimed to determine the clinically related factors, the effect of viral agents on the clinical picture, and the efficacy of treatment methods in patients admitted with acute bronchiolitis. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Patients aged under two years of age who were hospitalized with a diagnosis of moderate/severe acute bronchiolitis between March 2015 and March 2019 were included in the study. Demographic data, hospitalization time, body temperature, presence of congenital heart disease, history of atopy, acute-phase reactants, mean platelet volume values, and respiratory virus panel results were recorded. The treatment modalities, length of hospitalization, intensive care hospitalization, and high-flow nasal cannula oxygen therapy (HFNC) were recorded. RESULTS: Four hundred twenty-two patients were included in the study. The duration of hospitalization was found to be significantly longer in patients aged under one year and in patients with acyanotic congenital heart disease. A single viral agent was detected in 69 (51.9%) patients. Rhinovirus was detected in 70 patients and RSV was detected in 37. The duration of hospitalization was found to be significantly shorter in patients who received only oxygen and/or intravenous fluid treatment compared with those who received nebulized salbutamol and/or intravenous steroids. In addition, and there was no significant difference between the groups in terms of HFNC and hospitalization in the intensive care unit. CONCLUSION: Rhinovirus was the most common cause of acute bronchiolitis in our study. It was observed that congenital heart disease prolonged the length of hospitalization. In the treatment approaches, it was observed that hydration and oxygen therapy were sufficient treatment methods for the patients, in accordance with the recommendations of the American Academy of Pediatrics, and giving nebulized therapy prolonged the hospitalization period due to the treatment discontinuation steps.
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The name of the last author of this article was incorrectly presented as "Cogulu Ozgur" this should have been "Ozgur Cogulu".
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Familial Mediterranean fever (FMF) is an inherited autoinflammatory disorder that can result in attacks with accompanying recurrent episodes of fever, serositis, and skin rash. MiRNAs are demonstrated to be associated with a number of other diseases; however, no comprehensive study has revealed its association with FMF disease. The aim is to investigate the role of microRNAs in FMF. We included 51 patients with genetically diagnosed FMF who had clinical symptoms and 49 healthy volunteers. Fifteen miRNAs that were found to be associated with autoinflammatory diseases and have a part in immune response were evaluated. The expression levels of 11 miRNAs (miR-125a, miR-132, miR-146a, miR-155, miR-15a, miR-16, miR-181a, miR-21, miR-223, miR-26a, and miR-34a) in the patient group were significantly low, compared with the control group (p < 0.05). The patient group was analyzed and compared within itself, and the expression levels of 5 miRNAs (miR-132, miR-15a, miR-181a, miR-23b, miR-26a) in the patients who took colchicine seemed to have increased and levels of 5 miRNAs (miR-146a, miR-15a, miR-16, miR-26a, miR-34a) in the patients who took colchicine were significantly lower (p < 0.05). Furthermore, the attack patients were compared with the control group, and their expression levels of 4 miRNAs (miR-132, miR-15a, miR-21, miR-34a) were significantly lower (p < 0.05). Levels of 9 miRNAs (miR-132, miR-146a, miR-15a, miR-16, miR-181a, miR-21, miR-223, miR-26a, miR-34a) in non-attack patients decreased significantly (p < 0.05). Our study demonstrates that miRNAs could be effective in the pathogenesis of FMF.
