RESUMO
Male dimorphism of the subfamily Ostertagiinae (Nematoda: Trichostrongylidae) is a well-known phenomenon, and two or more morphotypes of a single species have previously been described as different species. Two Spiculopteragia spp., S. houdemeri (syn. S. yamashitai) and S. andreevae (syn. Rinadia andreevae) recorded in Asian cervids and wild bovids, are considered to represent major and minor morphs of S. houdemeri, respectively, based solely on their co-occurrence in the same host individual along with monomorphic females. In this study, males of morph houdemeri ( = S. houdemeri) and morph andreevae ( = S. andreevae) as well as females with three different vulval ornamentations were collected from sika deer (Cervus nippon) and Japanese serows (Capricornis crispus) distributed on the mainland of Japan. Morphologically characterized worms were subjected to molecular genetic analyses based on the internal transcribed spacer region of the ribosomal RNA gene and a partial region of the cytochrome c oxidase subunit I gene of mitochondrial DNA. Of 181 collected sika deer, 177 (97.8%) and 73 (40.3%) deer harboured males of morphs houdemeri and andreevae, respectively. Worm numbers of the former morph were found to range between 1 and 444 per individual, whereas only 1-25 worms per individual were detected for the latter morph. Five out of six serows harboured 47-71 or 2-9 males of morphs houdemeri and andreevae per individual, respectively. Females with one or two vulval flaps were predominant, but there was a substantial presence of flapless females in both host species. All the morphs of male and female adults had an identical genetic background, thus directly confirming the morphological polymorphism of S. houdemeri.
Assuntos
Variação Genética , Ruminantes/parasitologia , Trichostrongyloidea/classificação , Trichostrongyloidea/genética , Animais , DNA Espaçador Ribossômico/química , DNA Espaçador Ribossômico/genética , Complexo IV da Cadeia de Transporte de Elétrons/genética , Feminino , Japão , Masculino , Biologia Molecular , Análise de Sequência de DNA , Trichostrongyloidea/anatomia & histologia , Trichostrongyloidea/isolamento & purificaçãoRESUMO
This study aimed to clarify changes in the spatial expressions of types 1, 2 and 3 ryanodine receptors (RyR1, RyR2 and RyR3) in the cerebellum of a Ca(2+) channel alpha(1A) subunit mutant, rolling mouse Nagoya. Semi-quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) revealed that the mRNA signal levels of RyR1 and RyR3 were altered in the rolling cerebellum, which exhibited lower densities of RyR1 bands and higher densities of RyR3 bands than in the control cerebellum. Quite consistent with the RT-PCR results, the staining intensity of RyR1 and RyR3 was altered in the rolling cerebellum. RyR1 immunostaining appeared in somata and the proximal dendrites of Purkinje cells, and the staining intensity of both subcellular regions was equally lower in all cerebellar lobules of rolling mice than in those of controls. Although RyR3 immunostaining appeared in the dendrites of granule cells, more intense RyR3 staining in rolling mice than in controls was uniformly observed throughout all cerebellar lobules. The present study further examined co-localizations of ryanodine receptor subtypes and voltage-gated Ca(2+) channel alpha(1) subunits in the rolling cerebellum. Somatodendritic RyR1 immunostaining in Purkinje cells overlapped with either a mutated Ca(2+) channel alpha(1A) subunit (P/Q-type), or a Ca(2+) channel alpha(1C) subunit (L-type; dihydropyridine receptor) immunostaining. Immunostaining of these alpha(1) subunits also emerged in granule cells. Those results suggest non-region-related alterations in RyR1 and RyR3 expressions in the rolling mouse cerebellum. Such expressional changes in ryanodine receptor subtypes may be involved in Ca(2+) channel alpha(1A) subunit gene mutation, and may alter regulation of intracellular Ca(2+) concentrations in cerebellar cortical neurons.
Assuntos
Ataxia Cerebelar/metabolismo , Córtex Cerebelar/metabolismo , Neurônios/metabolismo , Canal de Liberação de Cálcio do Receptor de Rianodina/metabolismo , Animais , Canais de Cálcio Tipo L/genética , Canais de Cálcio Tipo L/metabolismo , Canais de Cálcio Tipo Q/genética , Canais de Cálcio Tipo Q/metabolismo , Sinalização do Cálcio/genética , Ataxia Cerebelar/genética , Ataxia Cerebelar/fisiopatologia , Córtex Cerebelar/patologia , Córtex Cerebelar/fisiopatologia , Dendritos/metabolismo , Dendritos/patologia , Predisposição Genética para Doença/genética , Masculino , Camundongos , Camundongos Mutantes Neurológicos , Neurônios/patologia , Isoformas de Proteínas/genética , Isoformas de Proteínas/metabolismo , Subunidades Proteicas/genética , Subunidades Proteicas/metabolismo , Células de Purkinje/metabolismo , Células de Purkinje/patologia , RNA Mensageiro/análise , RNA Mensageiro/metabolismo , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase Via Transcriptase Reversa , Canal de Liberação de Cálcio do Receptor de Rianodina/genética , Transmissão Sináptica/genéticaRESUMO
Ryanodine receptor (RYR) is a Ca(2+) channel that mediates Ca(2+) release from intracellular stores. We have used RT-PCR analysis and examined its expression in primary peripheral mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and in 164 hemopoietic cell lines. In PBMCs, type 1 RYR (RYR1) was expressed in CD19(+) B lymphocytes, but less frequently in CD3(+) T lymphocytes and in CD14(+) monocytes. Type 2 RYR (RYR2) was mainly detected in CD3(+) T cells. Induction of RYR1 and/or RYR2 mRNA was found after treatment with stromal cell-derived factor 1, macrophage-inflammatory protein-1alpha (MIP1alpha) or TGF-beta. Type 3 RYR (RYR3) was not detected in PBMCs. Many hemopoietic cell lines expressed not only RYR1 or RYR2 but also RYR3. The expression of the isoforms was not associated with specific cell lineage. We showed that the RYR-stimulating agent 4-chloro-m-cresol (4CmC) induced Ca(2+) release and thereby confirmed functional expression of the RYR in the cell lines expressing RYR mRNA. Moreover, concordant induction of RYR mRNA with Ca(2+) channel function was found in Jurkat T cells. In untreated Jurkat T cells, 4CmC (>1 mM) had no effect on Ca(2+) release, whereas 4CmC (<400 microM) caused Ca(2+) release after the induction of RYR2 and RYR3 that occurred after treatment with stromal cell-derived factor 1, macrophage-inflammatory protein-1alpha, or TGF-beta. Our results demonstrate expression of all three isoforms of RYR mRNA in hemopoietic cells. Induction of RYRs in response to chemokines and TGF-beta suggests roles in regulating Ca(2+)-mediated cellular responses during the immune response.
Assuntos
Leucócitos Mononucleares/metabolismo , RNA Mensageiro/análise , Canal de Liberação de Cálcio do Receptor de Rianodina/genética , Cálcio/metabolismo , Linhagem Celular , Sistema Hematopoético/metabolismo , Humanos , Isoformas de Proteínas , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase Via Transcriptase Reversa , Fator de Crescimento Transformador beta/farmacologiaRESUMO
In an attempt to identify the target protein, P-GP or mrp, of each MDR antagonist, verapamyl (Ver), dipyridamole (Dip), or cyclosporin A (Cy-A), this study was designed to compare the activity of the three afore-mentioned drugs and to test their combined effect on the cidal activity of vincristine (VCR) in five types of wild and the corresponding VCR-resistant cultured cell lines from human leukemia and lymphoma. Three of the VCR-resistant cell lines are characterized by the overexpression of mdr-1, while two cell lines overexpress mrp. We found that all three antagonists additively to synergistically enhanced the cidal activity of VCR for the five wild-type and VCR-resistant cell lines in a dose dependent manner when used singly. Combinations consisting of a 20% inhibitory concentration (IC20) of VCR plus two antagonists also showed additive to synergistic effects on both wild and VCR-resistant cell lines. It is of interest that the combined effect of IC20 VCR plus MDR antagonists on the three VCR-resistant cell lines expressing mdr-1 was significantly superior to those of the two cell lines expressing the mrp gene. These results suggest that the combined effect of MDR antagonists work better than their single use and that the MDR antagonists work more efficiently in cells showing drug resistance through mdr-1 than in those utilizing mrp.
Assuntos
Membro 1 da Subfamília B de Cassetes de Ligação de ATP/antagonistas & inibidores , Transportadores de Cassetes de Ligação de ATP/antagonistas & inibidores , Antineoplásicos Fitogênicos/farmacologia , Ciclosporina/farmacologia , Dipiridamol/farmacologia , Leucemia/tratamento farmacológico , Linfoma/tratamento farmacológico , Verapamil/farmacologia , Vincristina/farmacologia , Membro 1 da Subfamília B de Cassetes de Ligação de ATP/biossíntese , Membro 1 da Subfamília B de Cassetes de Ligação de ATP/genética , Transportadores de Cassetes de Ligação de ATP/biossíntese , Transportadores de Cassetes de Ligação de ATP/genética , Interações Medicamentosas , Resistência a Múltiplos Medicamentos , Humanos , Leucemia/metabolismo , Linfoma/metabolismo , Proteínas Associadas à Resistência a Múltiplos Medicamentos , RNA Mensageiro/metabolismo , Células Tumorais CultivadasRESUMO
Anti-cancer agents like adriamycin, mitomycin-C, bleomycin, and etoposide express their cell-killing activity partly through oxygen radicals. Since vincristine (VCR)-resistant cells show cross-resistance to oxygen radicals, this study was designed to study whether the combined effects of oxygen radicals derived from hypoxanthine-xanthine oxidase plus enhancers of anti-cancer drugs such as verapamil (Ver), dipyridamole (Dip), and cyclosporin-A (Cy-A) overcome the cross-resistance for oxygen radicals in VCR-resistant human leukemia/lymphoma cell lines. We found that 3 micrograms/mL Cy-A enhances the cidal effect of oxygen radicals on two of five types of wild type and two of five VCR-resistant cell lines and it could overcome the cross-resistance to oxygen radicals in VCR-resistant cells. Neither Ver nor Dip showed any effect on the cidal activity of oxygen radicals. Thus, it was suggested that Cy-A works with different mechanisms from those of Ver or Dip, and Cy-A may be useful in reducing the doses of anti-neoplastic agents that exert their activity via oxygen radicals in the clinical treatment.
Assuntos
Membro 1 da Subfamília B de Cassetes de Ligação de ATP/biossíntese , Sobrevivência Celular/efeitos dos fármacos , Ciclosporina/farmacologia , Resistência a Múltiplos Medicamentos , Vincristina/toxicidade , Xantina Oxidase/toxicidade , Linhagem Celular , Dipiridamol/farmacologia , Radicais Livres , Células HL-60 , Humanos , Leucemia , Linfoma , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase , RNA Mensageiro/biossíntese , Transcrição Gênica , Células Tumorais Cultivadas , Verapamil/farmacologiaRESUMO
ABH carbohydrate antigens are cell surface carbohydrates which occur in three allelic forms, namely A, B and O blood groups. It is unknown how the ABO blood group is expressed in hemopoietic stem cells. In an attempt to verify the ABO mRNA expression in hemopoietic precursor cells, mRNAs were isolated from human chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) cell lines which are believed to be at the most immature level of hemopoietic differentiation among hemopoietic malignancies. In particular, K-562 and KOPM-28 cells were used with the reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) technique for amplifying ABO gene transcripts. The amplified ABO cDNAs from two cell lines were characterized by the digestion of Kpn-I restriction enzyme. The blood types were determined by polymerase chain reaction of the specific allele (PASA) method. Both of the human chronic myeloid leukemia cell lines expressed ABO mRNA. The quantity of ABO mRNA in the K-562 cell line is significantly higher than that of the KOPM-28 cell line. The ABO blood type of these two cell lines was type O. Because the CML cell lines are presumed to be at the immature stem cell level of hematopoietic cell differentiation and because it is believed that the cultured cell lines from hematologic malignancy reflect the characteristics of normal corresponding hemopoietic cells, the hemopoietic stem cells should express mRNA of the ABO blood group.
Assuntos
Sistema ABO de Grupos Sanguíneos/genética , Leucemia Mielogênica Crônica BCR-ABL Positiva/genética , Humanos , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase/métodos , RNA Mensageiro/análise , RNA Mensageiro/genética , Células Tumorais CultivadasRESUMO
To clarify the role of growth hormone-releasing hormone (GHRH) in the regulation of the episodic growth hormone (GH) secretion which is known to occur constantly in the initial slow wave stage of nocturnal sleep in man, we studied the relation between the secretions of plasma immunoreactive(IR)-GHRH and GH while recording electroencephalograms. In subjects who showed a normal sleep pattern, the plasma IR-GHRH level increased 3- to 4-fold just before the surge of plasma GH, suggesting that GH release in the initial slow wave stage of sleep is mainly mediated by GHRH. However, when there was an apparent GH surge just before the onset of sleep, the magnitude of the GH response associated with the initial slow wave stage tended to be blunted, even when sufficient IR-GHRH was released. We also observed no appreciable fluctuations of plasma IR-GHRH during nocturnal sleep in a patient diagnosed as having GH-deficient dwarfism, suggesting the primary lesion was on the hypothalamus level, not the pituitary, in such a patient. In a case of multiple endocrine neoplasia (MEN) type I with an ectopic (GHRH-producing pancreatic tumor, no remarkable elevation of plasma IR-GHRH was detected in the initial slow wave stage of nocturnal sleep. We conclude that the present study is significant not only in demonstrating the physiology of GHRH release, but also in establishing a safe, reliable and practical test for routine clinical use to investigate intrinsic ability to release GHRH and the primary lesions in patients with disorders of GH secretion.
Assuntos
Hormônio Liberador de Hormônio do Crescimento/metabolismo , Sono/fisiologia , Acromegalia/sangue , Adulto , Nanismo/sangue , Feminino , Hormônio Liberador de Hormônio do Crescimento/sangue , Hormônio do Crescimento Humano/sangue , Hormônio do Crescimento Humano/deficiência , Hormônio do Crescimento Humano/metabolismo , Humanos , Masculino , Neoplasia Endócrina Múltipla Tipo 1/sangue , Neoplasias Pancreáticas/sangueRESUMO
The relation of the physiological releases of growth hormone-releasing hormone (GHRH) and growth hormone (GH) into the circulation in various conditions was investigated using a sensitive and specific radioimmunoassay for plasma GHRH. The mean fasting plasma level of immunoreactive (IR)-GHRH in 72 normal adults was 10.3 +/- 0.5 (mean +/- SEM) pg/ml and there was no significant sex difference in the level. The concentrations of IR-GHRH in plasma from the umbilical artery and umbilical vein were 107.3 +/- 20.5 pg/ml and 33.6 +/- 3.8 pg/ml, respectively, and a marked arterio-venous gradient was observed in all 12 individuals examined. The plasma level of IR-GHRH in the maternal vein was significantly lower than that in the cord blood, but was similar to that in non-pregnant women. In normal adults, although there was no apparent fluctuation in the level of plasma IR-GHRH or of plasma GH during bed rest, a significant increase of plasma IR-GHRH was detected followed by, or synchronized with the surge of plasma GH after oral administration of L-dopa. In contrast, on L-arginine infusion, no proportional elevation of plasma IR-GHRH with increase in plasma GH was observed. During and after intravenous infusion of somatostatin, the circulating IR-GHRH level did not increase, but on stopping the infusion there was an immediate and marked rebound surge of GH. We conclude that 1) the elevated IR-GHRH in the cord blood plasma originates from the fetus and may have a primary role in enhancing secretion of GH which promotes growth in early human life, and 2) the participations of GHRH in the mechanisms of GH secretion seen after administrations of L-dopa, L-arginine and somatostatin are different.
Assuntos
Arginina/farmacologia , Sangue Fetal/fisiologia , Hormônio Liberador de Hormônio do Crescimento/sangue , Hormônio do Crescimento Humano/sangue , Levodopa/farmacologia , Troca Materno-Fetal , Somatostatina/farmacologia , Adulto , Feminino , Sangue Fetal/química , Hormônio Liberador de Hormônio do Crescimento/metabolismo , Hormônio do Crescimento Humano/metabolismo , Humanos , Recém-Nascido , Gravidez , Radioimunoensaio , Valores de Referência , Fatores de TempoRESUMO
Gene technology using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) has markedly advanced in recent year and has been introduced in clinical laboratories. In this paper, the genotypes of genomic DNAs of subjects with cisAB blood group were analysed using three methods, polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP), and the PCR-direct sequencing method, and directly determined using the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification of specific alleles (PASA)-method. The differences among the methods were as follows, PCR-RFLP and PCR-direct sequencing method require 2-step procedures, and are complicated for clinical laboratories. The PASA method is based on the fact that PCR amplification occurs only when the 3' endbase of the primer is matched to sites of the nucleotide substitution of ABO allelic cDNA. Three of five regions of allelic DNAs were co-amplified in a single PCR (multiplex-PCR) in this study. ABO and cisAB blood group genotypes were directly determined, based on the molecular size of allele-specific amplification products. The PASA method requires only about 4 hours from starting PCR to results, making it rapid, simple and useful for detecting the genotype of ABO and cisAB blood groups in comparison with PCR-RFLP and the direct sequencing methods and will allow this procedure to be very versatile and widely used throughout the research and clinical diagnostic communities. The analyses of the nucleotide sequence at nucleotides No. 261, 526, 703, 796 and 803 in 3 major subjects in the cisAB blood group (cisA2B3, cisA1B3 and cisA2B) revealed chimeric structures of the A allele and B allele on the same gene.
Assuntos
Sistema ABO de Grupos Sanguíneos/genética , Alelos , DNA/genética , Genoma Humano , Genótipo , Humanos , Nucleotídeos/genética , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase/métodos , Polimorfismo de Fragmento de Restrição , Análise de Sequência de DNARESUMO
This study was designed to test the correlation between the expression of permeability-related glycoprotein (P-GP) and susceptibility to oxygen radicals derived from the reaction of hypoxanthine (HX)-xanthine oxidase (XO) in wild type and vincristine (VCR)-resistant hematologic cell lines. A marked correlation between P-GP expression and susceptibility to oxygen radicals was found in VCR-resistant cells, while it was weak in wild cell lines. In contrast, there was neither correlation between sensitivity to VCR and oxygen radicals nor between sensitivity to VCR and P-GP expression in both wild type and VCR-resistant cells. No correlation between sensitivity to adriamycin or oxygen radicals and P-GP expression were observed in both cells tested. These results may suggest a new mechanism of drug resistance in cells expressing P-GP.
Assuntos
Membro 1 da Subfamília B de Cassetes de Ligação de ATP/metabolismo , Resistencia a Medicamentos Antineoplásicos/fisiologia , Leucemia/metabolismo , Linfoma/metabolismo , Espécies Reativas de Oxigênio/metabolismo , Vincristina/farmacologia , Antineoplásicos/farmacologia , Doxorrubicina/farmacologia , Humanos , Hipoxantina/química , Células Tumorais Cultivadas , Xantina Oxidase/químicaRESUMO
The genotypes of genomic DNAs of 20 normal subjects with ABO blood group and 12 subjects with cisAB blood group were directly determined using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification of specific alleles (PASA)-method. This method is based on the fact that PCR amplification occurs only when the 3' endbase of the primer is matched to the nucleotide of No. 261, 526, 796 or 803 of ABO allelic cDNA. And three of five regions of allelic DNAs are co-amplified in a single PCR (multiplex-PCR) in this study. ABO and cisAB blood group genotypes are directly determined, based on the molecular size of allele specific amplification products that contain 261, 526, 796 and 803 nucleotide (the sites of amino acid substitutions). The method requires only about 4 hours from starting up of PCR to the results, so it is rapid, simple and useful for detecting the genotype of ABO and cisAB blood groups.
Assuntos
Sistema ABO de Grupos Sanguíneos/genética , Alelos , Genótipo , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase/métodos , DNA/análise , HumanosRESUMO
The authors describe 2 patients with Takayasu's arteritis in whom lupus anticoagulant was positive and the titer of anticardiolipin antibody was elevated. One patient developed diffusely stenotic and occlusive changes in the multiple larger arteries. Histology of the small-sized arteries in another patient showed occlusive vasculitis without thrombosis, in addition to the findings in large-sized arteries compatible with Takayasu's disease. These findings are uncommon in Takayasu's arteritis. These findings suggest that antiphospholipid antibodies may have contributed to the pathogenesis of the extensive vasculopathy and may have triggered vasculitis in these patients.
Assuntos
Anticorpos Antifosfolipídeos/análise , Arterite de Takayasu/imunologia , Adulto , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Arteriopatias Oclusivas/imunologia , Arteriopatias Oclusivas/patologia , Evolução Fatal , Feminino , Humanos , Imunoglobulina G/análise , Imunoglobulina M/análise , Inibidor de Coagulação do Lúpus/análise , Arterite de Takayasu/patologia , Vasculite/imunologia , Vasculite/patologiaRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the relationship between high serum levels of IgE and the release of interleukin-4 (IL-4) from cultured lymphocytes of a patient with adult onset Still's disease. METHODS: IL-4 concentrations in plasma and culture from inactivated peripheral blood mononuclear cells were assessed by enzyme immunoassay during febrile episodes and remission. RESULTS: A high level of IL-4 was detected by enzyme immunoassay in the peripheral blood mononuclear cells cultured from the patient. These seemed to correspond with a febrile episode and a high serum IgE concentration. CONCLUSION: Increased serum IgE concentrations during a febrile episode are rare in patients with adult onset Still's disease, but the relationship between the high levels of serum IgE and IL-4 in cultured lymphocytes may provide clues to pathogenesis of the condition.
Assuntos
Imunoglobulina E/metabolismo , Interleucina-4/metabolismo , Linfócitos/metabolismo , Doença de Still de Início Tardio/imunologia , Adulto , Anti-Inflamatórios não Esteroides/uso terapêutico , Células Cultivadas , Feminino , Humanos , Doença de Still de Início Tardio/tratamento farmacológicoRESUMO
The clinical and genetic features of a 43-year-old male patient with multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 were reported. He developed hyperparathyroidism, a GHRH-producing pancreatic tumor, and acromegaly between 1980 and 1983. Because his pituitary gland increased in size even after resecting the GHRH-producing pancreatic tumor, transsphenoidal hypophysectomy was performed six years later. The pituitary contained two histologically-different adenomas composed of somatotroph cells and null cells. Genetic analyses revealed loss of heterozygosity on chromosome 11 in common in the pituitary adenomas, the pancreatic endocrine tumors, and a parathyroid hyperplasia. On the other hand, mutations of ras, p53, Gs alpha, and Gi2 alpha genes were not found in these tumors. The loss of the tumor suppressor gene on chromosome 11q12-13 was involved in the formation of two pituitary adenomas, two pancreatic endocrine functioning tumors, and a parathyroid hyperplasia in this patient, but the tumorigenic factors in the specific endocrine organs remain to be studied.
Assuntos
Adenoma/genética , Hormônio Liberador de Hormônio do Crescimento/biossíntese , Neoplasia Endócrina Múltipla Tipo 1/genética , Neoplasias Pancreáticas/genética , Neoplasias Hipofisárias/genética , Acromegalia/etiologia , Adenoma/patologia , Adulto , Sequência de Bases , Cromossomos Humanos Par 11 , Análise Mutacional de DNA , Genes Supressores de Tumor , Heterozigoto , Humanos , Hiperparatireoidismo/etiologia , Masculino , Dados de Sequência Molecular , Neoplasia Endócrina Múltipla Tipo 1/complicações , Neoplasias Pancreáticas/metabolismo , Neoplasias Hipofisárias/patologia , Polimorfismo de Fragmento de RestriçãoRESUMO
The genotype of the hair genomic DNA from 14 subjects with the ABO blood group was determined using the polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) method. The amino acid substitutions of codon 87 and 176 of ABO allelic cDNAs were analyzed to distinguish A, B, and O alleles by restriction enzyme digestion. To identify codon 87, the 249bp DNA fragment was amplified by PCR and digested with Kpn I. To identify codon 176, the 285bp DNA fragment was amplified by PCR and digested with Ban I. The genotype of the 14 ABO type-known subjects could be identified by the analysis of the digested DNA fragments. These findings indicate the usefulness of the PCR-RFLP method for determining the ABO genotype with the DNA from only one hair.
Assuntos
Sistema ABO de Grupos Sanguíneos/genética , DNA Complementar/análise , Cabelo/química , Adulto , Alelos , Sequência de Bases , Códon , Genótipo , Humanos , Dados de Sequência Molecular , Reação em Cadeia da PolimeraseRESUMO
In Japan, patients with rheumatoid arthritis associated with severe extra-articular manifestations due to vasculitis are diagnosed as having malignant rheumatoid arthritis. We report the occurrence of two cases of malignant rheumatoid arthritis in a Japanese family. Both patients, a father and son, expressed HLA-DR4 (Dw15), and were infected with Epstein-Barr virus. Moreover, the father developed malignant rheumatoid arthritis during reactivation of the Epstein-Barr virus. An unaffected male family member with the same HLA haplotypes was not infected by the virus. The possible role of the virus infection in the pathogenesis of malignant rheumatoid arthritis in a genetically susceptible family is discussed.