Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Tempo de Tela , Óculos , Lentes de Contato , Exercício Físico , Saúde Mental , Prescrições , Reino Unido , Prevalência , Saúde da Criança , Saúde do Adolescente , Psicologia ClínicaRESUMO
Background: Emerging evidence points towards the psychological benefits of meeting 24-hour movement behavior (24-HMB) guidelines, but such associations have not yet been investigated among children and adolescents of prescribed eyeglasses/contact lenses. To this end, we examined associations of meeting 24-HMB guidelines with internalizing and externalizing challenges in this population. Methods: We used data from the 2021 National Survey of Children's Health, a cross-sectional survey including a representative sample of US children and adolescents. Data on movement behaviors (physical activity [PA], sedentary behavior operationalized via screen time [ST], and sleep duration [SL]) and internalizing and externalizing problems were collected through caregiver proxy reports. Caregivers completed questionnaires for 6030 (2799 girls) US children and adolescents of prescribed eyeglasses/contact lenses. Logistic regression analyses were conducted to determine the above-presented associations. Results: Only 7.1 % of those prescribed eyeglasses/contact lenses met all three 24-HMB guidelines, while they were more likely to meet SL guideline alone (32.1 %) in relation to other independent guidelines including PA (2.5 %) and ST (10.9 %). Compared to not meeting any of the three 24-HMB guidelines, meeting at least two guidelines (25.22 %) was significantly linked to lower odds of internalizing problems and externalizing problems. Conclusion: Meeting at least two components of the 24-HMB guidelines was beneficially linked to internalizing and externalizing problems. Thus, strategies or intervention programs that focus on meeting 24-HMB guidelines should be implemented among children and adolescents of those prescribed eyeglasses/contact lenses to foster coping with psychological issues.
RESUMO
Introduction:The utilization of facility delivery is crucial to achieve sustainable development goals by reducing maternal and neonatal deaths.This study aimed to compare the distributions and determinants of childbirth in health facilities in urban and rural regions of Bangladesh. Methods:Cross-sectional data from the 2017-2018 Bangladesh Demographic and Health Survey were analyzed.Multilevel logistic regression was applied. Results:A total of 4 751 women were included in the analyses.Only 50%of childbirths took place in health facilities,63.4%and 44.6%in urban and rural regions,respectively.Overall,the odds of the association between facility delivery and the studied factors were similar.Multiparous women had significantly lower odds of facility delivery in both rural(adjusted odds ratio[AOR]=0.3,95%confidence interval[CI]:0.2 to 0.5)and urban(AOR=0.2,95%CI:0.1 to 0.5)regions.In both regions,women with higher education levels,highly educated husbands,antenatal care(ANC),and higher wealth indexes had significantly higher odds of facility delivery. Conclusion:Several common associated factors were identified.However,differences were observed regarding distributions of these factors.The differences in facility delivery utilization could result from lower ANC utiliza-tion,socioeconomic status,and transportation facilities in rural regions than urban regions;therefore,improving these conditions could increase facility delivery in these regions.
Assuntos
Envelhecimento , Poluição do Ar em Ambientes Fechados , Infecções por Coronavirus , Psiquiatria Geriátrica , Serviços de Saúde para Idosos , Pandemias , Pneumonia Viral , Serviços Preventivos de Saúde , Idoso , Envelhecimento/fisiologia , Envelhecimento/psicologia , Poluição do Ar em Ambientes Fechados/efeitos adversos , Poluição do Ar em Ambientes Fechados/prevenção & controle , Betacoronavirus , COVID-19 , Controle de Doenças Transmissíveis/métodos , Infecções por Coronavirus/epidemiologia , Infecções por Coronavirus/psicologia , Psiquiatria Geriátrica/métodos , Psiquiatria Geriátrica/tendências , Saúde Global , Humanos , Saúde Mental/tendências , Pneumonia Viral/epidemiologia , Pneumonia Viral/psicologia , Serviços Preventivos de Saúde/métodos , Serviços Preventivos de Saúde/tendências , Sistemas de Apoio Psicossocial , SARS-CoV-2 , Isolamento Social , Populações VulneráveisRESUMO
Antigenic determinants expressed on the bacterial cell surface are of importance in the serological characterization and microbiological diagnosis. The bacterial strains carrying these identical or similar antigenic epitopes might react with antibodies produced against other strains. In this study, strong immunogenicity and antigenic cross reactivity were demonstrated among V. cholerae O1, S. flexnerii 2a and H. influenzae b surface components. The enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) results were supported by Western blot analysis, where at least 20 antigenic bands, were obtained in each of the reactions, when the surface components were reacted with the homologous antisera. The indirect ELISA results also demonstrated high degree of antigenic relatedness between the surface components of these species, where each surface component was reacted with the heterologous antisera. Western blot analysis also revealed cross reactions between the surface components suggesting common distribution of antigens/epitopes in these bacterial species. This study, thus, gave a clear idea of the level of antigenic sharing and variations among the pathogenic V. cholerae O1, S. flexneri 2a and H. influenzae b strains, which in future, may help in selecting a proper candidate for vaccines and immunodiagnostics development.